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All Journal Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Konversi Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri
Jefriadi Jefriadi
Lambung Mangkurat University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Education Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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PYROLYSIS OF CASSAVA BAGASSE INTO BIO-OIL USING Ni/NZA CATALYSTS Jefriadi Jefriadi; Syaiful Bahri; Sunarno Sunarno; Rinny Jelita
Konversi Vol 8, No 2 (2019): Oktober 2019
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v8i2.7194

Abstract

Cassava bagasse is a solid tapioca industry waste that can be used as an energy source. In this study, cassava bagasse was pyrolyzed to produce bio-oil and studied the effect of Ni/NZA catalysts on yield, heating value and distribution of bio-oil products. The making of Ni/NZA catalyst starts with the process of activating natural zeolite to produce natural zeolite activated (NZA). Furthermore, impregnation of Ni metals in NZA with Ni levels 1, 2 and 3% w/w (Ni/NZA). The next step is calcination, oxidation and reduction. Cassava is peeled, shredded, washed, filtered and dried and then mashed and screened with a 60 and 80 mesh sieve to obtain cassava bagasse biomass with a size of -60+80 mesh. 50 grams of cassava bagasse with 500 ml silinap and 1.5 gram Ni/NZA catalyst are pyrolyzed at 320oC with nitrogen gas flow of 80 mL/min. Bio-oil products are analyzed by the heating value and distribution of the products. The yield of bio-oil obtained on pyrolysis using 0% Ni/NZA was 54.27% and pyrolysis using 2% Ni/NZA obtained the highest yield of 61.87%. The highest bio-oil heating value was obtained in pyrolysis using 0% Ni/NZA which is 46.78 MJ/kg and lower with increasing Ni levels in NZA. The results of GC-MS analysis of the bio-oil products showed that the use of 1% Ni/NZA catalyst significantly increased the percent area of several components i.e. 2,4,4-trimethy-l-1-Pentene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,4-Hexadiene, and 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-Pentene and decreases the percent area of some other components i.e. 1-bromo-3-methyl-Cyclohexane, 2-methyl-1-Propene,tetramer, 1-(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-3-methyl-Cyclohexene and 3-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-Cyclohexanone.
STUDI KINETIKA PIROLISIS SEKAM PADI: PERBANDINGAN MODEL KINETIKA Rinny Jelita; Hesti Wijayanti; Jefriadi Jefriadi
Konversi Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v7i2.6496

Abstract

Abstrak: Peningkatan populasi dunia menuntut penambahan kebutuhan energi yang kian langka sehingga dibutuhkan sumber energi alternatif seperti bio oil. Sekam padi yang berupa limbah dapat diolah menghasilkan bio oil melalui proses pirolisis yang sederhana dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari reaksi dekomposisi sekam padi pada proses pirolisis dan mendapatkan parameter kinetika yang terlibat dalam reaksi pirolisis sekam padi. Sekam padi dihaluskan dan diayak hingga berukuran 0,25-1 mm, dikeringkan menggunakan oven dengan suhu 80˚C selama 180 menit dan dimasukkan ke dalam reaktor pirolisis sebanyak 500 gram. Proses pirolisis berlangsung sejak suhu kamar hingga 1 jam setelah suhu tercapai, yaitu pada suhu 550oC. Asap yang terbentuk dikondensasikan, ditampung sebagai bio oil dan dicatat setiap 10 menit sejak tetesan pertama keluar hingga waktu pirolisis selesai. Berat bio oil  yang dihasilkan digunakan untuk mensimulasikan perubahan massa sekam padi selama pirolisis berlangsung. Penentuan parameter kinetika dilakukan dengan membandingkan tiga model kinetika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pirolisis sekam padi berlangsung mengikuti mekanisme reaksi orde satu dengan parameter kinetika pre-exponensial faktor (A) 0,0347 s-1 dan energi aktivasi (E) 27,9517 kJ/mol. Parameter kinetika yang menghubungkan harga konstanta laju reaksi dengan suhu mengikuti persamaan Arhenius. Kata kunci: dekomposisi, kinetika, pirolisis, sekam padi 
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND BLENDING RATIO TO PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION OF CO-PYROLYSIS LIGNITE AND PALM KERNEL SHELL Rinny Jelita; Jefriadi Jefriadi; Muhammad Jauhar Mahdi; Muhammad Hafiz
Konversi Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Oktober 2021
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v10i2.11686

Abstract

The issue of the energy crisis and environmental problems due to waste encourage the formation of new fuels from renewable materials such as palm kernel shell biomass (CKS). In other hand, low rank coal (lignite) has low economic value, so it needs to be improved to be used widely. Utilization of lignite and CKS can produce solid products (char) in the form of hybrid coal through the co-pyrolysis process. This study aims to determine the optimum temperature and composition of co-pyrolysis lignite and CKS based on the distribution of the resulting product. The lignite is dried and pulverized to a particle size of 20-50 mesh. CKS cleaned, cut into pieces and sieved to a size of 0.4-2 mm. Then the CKS was dried in an oven at 105oC for 24 hours. Lignite and CKS were mixed with a composition of 15%, 22.5%, and 30% by weight of CKS:lignite. The mixture of materials is put into the co-pyrolysis reactor as much as 200 grams. The co-pyrolysis process was carried out at temperatures of 200ºC, 300ºC, and 400ºC for 1 hour by flowing nitrogen gas into the reactor with a flow rate of 1.5 L/min. The results showed that increasing the mixing ratio of CKS:lignite and co-pyrolysis temperature would increase tar yield while decreasing char yield. Judging from the highest tar yield, the optimum co-pyrolysis temperature was 400oC at 15% optimum mixing ratio, while 200oC and 22.5% were optimum co-pyrolysis temperatures and mixing ratio to obtain the largest char yield. Both tar and char co-pyrolysis products can be an alternative energy source with further processing.
Pengaruh Penambahan Perekat dan Ukuran Partikel Terhadap Biobriket Hasil Pirolisis Sekam Padi Nuryati Nuryati; Jefriadi Jefriadi; Tri Ambarwati
Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri Vol 5 No 1 (2018): Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (131.868 KB) | DOI: 10.34128/jtai.v5i1.69

Abstract

Sekam padi merupakan limbah hasil dari penggilingan padi. Menurut data Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Tanah Laut tahun 2016 luas area lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Tanah Laut yang ditanami padi pada tahun 2016 yaitu 81,115 ha dengan jumlah produksi padi sawah dan padi gogo sebesar 213.026 ton. Dari 213.026 ton padi akan menghasilkan sekam sekitar 20-30% yaitu sebesar 42 – 64 ton sekam padi. Salah satu manfaat sekam padi adalah sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biobriket dan dapat menjadi alternatif untuk mengatasi ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat biobriket dari arang hasil pirolisis sekam padi, menganalisis pengaruh penambahan perekat tapioka dan menganalisis pengaruh ukuran partikel pada biobriket dari arang hasil pirolisis sekam padi. Sekam padi diayak dengan ukuran 20, 40 dan 60 mesh. Pembuatan biobriket dilakukan dengan metode pirolisis yaitu proses pembakaran bahan baku dalam reaktor pirolisis dengan menggunakan suhu yang tinggi dan tanpa atau dengan sedikit oksigen. Pirolisis dilakukan selama 1-2jam dengan suhu 400oC. Arang yang dihasilkan dicampur dengan perekat 3%, 4%, 5% dan 6% kemudian dikeringkan dan dilakukan pengujian. Hasil pengujian kadar air yang terendah didapat pada perekat 6% dengan ukuran 20 mesh yaitu 2,65%. Pada pengujian kadar abu sangat tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan SNI hanya mensyaratkan maksimal 8%. Sedangkan laju bakar terbaik didapat pada perekat 6% dengan ukuran 60 mesh yaitu 0,36 gr/gram.
Daya Terima Panelis dan Karakterisasi Selai Kulit Pisang Kepok dengan Penambahan Pisang Ambon Siti Munasari; Dwi Sandri; Jefriadi Jefriadi
Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri Vol 5 No 1 (2018): Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (272.238 KB) | DOI: 10.34128/jtai.v5i1.61

Abstract

Kulit pisang kepok (Musa paradisiaca forma typical) merupakan hasil samping dari pisang kepok yang digunakan oleh industri pangan. Saat ini kulit pisang kepok belum banyak dimanfaatkan secara produktif, padahal kulit pisang kepok masih memiliki kandungan gizi dan pektin yang dapat diolah menjadi produk pangan yaitu selai. Untuk meningkatkan mutu selai kulit pisang kepok dilakukan penambahan pisang ambon. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pisang ambon terhadap tingkat kesukaan selai, mendapatkan formulasi terbaik berdasarkan daya terima panelis dan mengukur karakterisasi selai yang dihasilkan dari semua perlakuan. Tahapan pembuatan selai yaitu dengan membuat bubur kulit pisang kepok dan bubur pisang ambon kemudian dimasak dengan gula dan asam sitrat. Analisis daya terima selai dilakukan dengan uji tingkat kesukaan (hedonik) kemudian data dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA dan DMRT. Karakteristik selai dilakukan dengan uji kadar air dan uji daya oles. Penambahan pisang ambon berpengaruh nyata terhadap rasa selai, formulasi selai terbaik berdasarkan daya terima panelis adalah pada perlakuan 50% : 50% bubur kulit pisang kepok dengan bubur pisang ambon. Karakterisasi selai yang dihasilkan dari semua perlakuan mempunyai kadar air berkisar 29,71 – 35,06% dan daya oles berkisar antara 9 – 11,6 cm.
Potential Alternative Energy of Hybrid Coal from Co-pyrolysis of Lignite with Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and the Kinetic Study Rinny Jelita; Iryanti Fatyasari Nata; Chairul Irawan; J. Jefriadi; Meda Nur Anisa; Muhammad Jauhar Mahdi; Meilana Dharma Putra
Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Vol 8, No 1 (2023): IJOST: April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijost.v8i1.53149

Abstract

Lignite is classified as a low-rank coal due to its low content of calories. Co-pyrolysis with biomass waste such as palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) here can be used to increase lignite’s economic value. The mixture of these two materials can produce an alternative energy source called hybrid coal (HC). This study aims to determine the optimum temperature for co-pyrolysis of lignite and EFB as well as characterize liquid (tar) and solid product (HC). Its kinetic study was evaluated as well. A raw material of 200 grams with a composition of 22.5% (w/w) EFB to lignite was put into a reactor to react at a temperature range of 300-450oC for 1 hour. To form hybrid coal briquettes (HCB),tapioca adhesive with a concentration of 6% (w/w) was added to the solid product (HC). The results showed that the tar yield increased with increasing temperature from 300 to 450oC. Similarly, the calorific value of HC increased by 14.50% as also occurred in other physical properties of HC. Meanwhile, the kinetic study revealed that the model was well-fitted to the data, and confirmed the obtained results. Thus, this research can support the development of affordable alternative energy to be implemented in large-scale production.
EFFECT OF FLY ASH ON PRODUCTS OF WATER HYACINTH CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS Rinna Juwita; Jefriadi Jefriadi; Khairunnisa Aprilianti; Mitha Amalia; Rinny Jelita
Konversi Vol 11, No 2 (2022): OKTOBER 2022
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v11i2.15578

Abstract

The use of alternative energy is needed to overcome the availability of fossil energy sources. One alternative energy source is water hyacinth through a pyrolysis process using a catalyst. Fly ash has the potential to be a catalyst given its very low utilization in Indonesia. Utilization of water hyacinth biomass through a pyrolysis process using a fly ash catalyst was carried out to determine the effect of catalyst activation and the amount of the catalyst on the pyrolysis product. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum amount of catalyst and the effect of catalyst activation on water hyacinth pyrolysis products. The experiment was carried out in an electric pyrolysis reactor equipped with a condenser as a coolant and a thermocouple. Nitrogen gas is fed into the pyrolysis reactor to create inert conditions that prevent sample burning. The crushed water hyacinth samples were put into the reactor with the fly ash catalyst with a catalyst composition of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of the raw material. The process lasted for 1 hour at 500 oC. The liquid product in the form of bio-oil is collected and then its mass and volume are measured. The solid product in the form of charcoal is taken after the pyrolysis process is complete and the reactor reaches room temperature and then its mass is measured. The highest liquid and solid yields were obtained with 10% activated catalyst variations, namely 39.142% for liquids and 45.144% for solids.
Characteristics of Hybrid Coal from Co-Pyrolysis of Lignite and Corn Cob Jefriadi Jefriadi; Mita Oktaviani; Lydia Rahmi; Rinny Jelita
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 12, No 1 (2023): June 2023 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v12i1.39789

Abstract

Lignite is the lowest rank coal which has less economic value. Corn cobs are solid waste biomass as a by-product of corn processing. The processing of these two materials can produce a product in the form of hybrid coal through the co-pyrolysis process. This study aims to determine the optimum temperature and mixing ratio of co-pyrolysis of lignite and corn cob and to characterize the hybrid coal produced by co-pyrolysis. The lignite is dried and crushed to a particle size of 20-50 mesh. Corn cob was cleaned, cut into pieces, and sieved to a size of 0.4-2 mm. Then it was dried using an oven at 105oC for 24 hours. Lignite and corn cob were mixed with a ratio of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 (mass of lignite: mass of corn cob). The mixture of materials is inserted into the pyrolysis reactor as much as 400 grams. The pyrolysis process was carried out at temperatures of 350ºC, 400ºC, 450ºC, 500ºC, and 550ºC for 1 hour by flowing nitrogen gas into the reactor with a flow rate of 1.5 L/minute. The results showed that increasing the mixing ratio and co-pyrolysis temperature would decrease the yield of hybrid coal. Increasing the pyrolysis temperature will increase the calorific value of hybrid coal. Still, the effect of the mixing ratio of lignite and corn cob shows a decrease in heating value at a mixing ratio of 1:1 and an increase in a mixing ratio of 1:3. Other parameters such as moisture content and volatile matter content decreased with increasing temperature and mixing ratio. In contrast, ash content and fixed carbon content increased. So, an optimum temperature and mixing ratio of 450ºC and 1:3 is the best condition to get hybrid coal that met the requirements to be a solid fuel.
Karbon Aktif dari Limbah Sawi Putih untuk Adsorpsi Ion Mangan (Mn) Jefriadi, Jefriadi; Jelita, Rinny; Nurhaliza; Nailisa, Nur
Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Teknologi Agro-Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34128/jtai.v12i1.236

Abstract

Pencemaran air oleh logam berat mangan (Mn) merupakan masalah serius di berbagai wilayah perairan. Salah satu metode yang efektif untuk menurunkan konsentrasi logam berat ini adalah melalui proses adsorpsi menggunakan karbon aktif. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan limbah sawi putih (Brassica pekinensia L.) sebagai bahan baku karbon aktif yang dihasilkan melalui pirolisis pada suhu 400 °C selama 1 jam, kemudian diaktivasi menggunakan larutan HCl 1N. Pengaruh variasi waktu kontak (0, 30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit) dan massa adsorben (0,2–1,0 gram) terhadap efisiensi dan kapasitas adsorpsi ion Mn dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif memiliki kadar air 11,09%, sesuai standar SNI 06-3730-1995. Waktu kontak optimum untuk adsorpsi ion Mn adalah 90 menit, dengan efisiensi 64,7% dan kapasitas adsorpsi 6,47 mg/g. Variasi massa adsorben optimum 1,0 gram menghasilkan efisiensi tertinggi 68,37% dan kapasitas adsorpsi 5,12 mg/g. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif dari limbah sawi putih memiliki potensi yang baik sebagai adsorben untuk penyerapan ion logam Mn.
Co-Authors Chairul Irawan Dwi Sandri Hesti Wijayanti Iryanti Fatyasari Nata, Iryanti Fatyasari Khairunnisa Aprilianti Lydia Rahmi Meda Nur Anisa Meilana Dharma Putra Mita Oktaviani Mitha Amalia Muhammad Hafiz Muhammad Jauhar Mahdi Muhammad Jauhar Mahdi Nailisa, Nur Nurhaliza Nuryati Nuryati Rinna Juwita Rinny Jelita Rinny Jelita Rinny Jelita, Rinny Siti Munasari Sunarno Sunarno SYAIFUL BAHRI Tri Ambarwati