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Pengaruh Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular Spesifik Lokal dan Kompos Terhadap Hasil Tanaman Jagung ( Zea mays L.) pada Tanah Marginal Ultisol Fatayatinur Fatayatinur; Nanda Mayani; Teti Arabia
Jurnal Agrista Vol 22, No 2 (2018): Volume 22 Nomor 2 Agustus 2018
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian jenis mikoriza arbuskular spesifik lokal dan kompos serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung pada tanah marginal Ultisol. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan Juni  hingga Oktober 2016, di Rumah Kasa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial dengan sembilan kombinasi perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 27 satuan percobaan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu pemberian jenis mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) yang terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu: tanpa FMA, Glomus sp. dan Acoulospora sp. sedangkan dosis kompos dengan tiga taraf  yaitu: tanpa kompos, 25 g pot-1,50 g pot-1. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini jumlah biji per tongkol, berat biji kering per tongkol, berat 100 butir biji kering, dan hasil per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan baik pemberian jenis mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) dan dosis kompos tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah biji per tongkol, berat biji kering per tongkol, berat 100 butir biji kering dan hasil per hektar. Terdapat interaksi yang sangat nyata antara perlakuan pemberian jenis FMA dengan dosis kompos terhadap hasil per hektar serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat biji kering per tongkol. Efffect Of Specific Local Arbuscular Mycorrhizas Fungi and Compost Towards Corn (Zea mays L.) On Marginal Land UltisolThe aim of this research was to obtain information about the effect of local and compost specification arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi distribution and the relation towards the growth and result of corn crops on the ultisol marginal land. This research was conducted at Greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty Syiah Kuala University, from June to October 2016. This research used factorial pattern of Cluster Random Plan with nine combinations of treatment and three repetition, thus, 27 attempt of experimentation was obtained. The factors which were inspected in this research are the distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi which consist of three categories; without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus sp., and Acoulospora sp. while the dosage of compost in three categories; without compost, 25 g pot, 50 g pot. The variables which are observed in this research are the number of corn kernels, the weight of corn kernels per corncob, the weight of 100 dried seeds and the yields of corn crop per hectare. The result of the research conclude that the distribution of abuscular mycorrhiza fungi and the dose of compost  this treatment did not have real effect on the height of the number of corn kernels per cob, the weight of dried seeds per corncob, the weight of 100 dried seeds, and the yields of corn crop per hectare. There are relation between the distribution of AMF treatment and the dosage of the compost to the length the yields of the corn crop per hectare, and also have a real effect on weight of dried seeds per corncob
Uji Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Spesifik Lokal dan Kompos terhadap Pertumbuhan Jagung pada Tanah Sub-Optimal Ultisol Teti Arabia; Syakur Syakur; Nanda Mayani
Jurnal Agrista Vol 20, No 3 (2016): Volume 20 Nomor 3 Desember 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Abstrak: Untuk mengantisipasi menurunnya luas panen dan produksi jagung di Aceh serta untuk tercapainya swasembada jagung nasional di tahun 2017 pemanfaatan lahan-lahan sub-optimal seperti Ultisol dapat dijadikan alternatif. Namun penanganan khusus perlu dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman. Dewasa ini, keinginan yang kuat terhadap pertanian berkelanjutan telah mendorong peningkatan pemanfaatan mikrobia tanah indigenus dan aplikasi bahan organik ke tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fungi mikoriza arbuskula spesifik lokal dan kompos terhadap pertumbuhan jagung pada tanah sub-optimal Ultisol. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diuji adalah jenis fungi mikoriza arbuskula (kontrol, Glomus sp. dan Acoulospora sp), dosis kompos (0, 25, dan 50 g pot-1). Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun pada umur 15, 30, dan 45 hari setelah tanam (HST). Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi pengaruh yang nyata baik secara tunggal maupun interaksi antara pemberian mikoriza asbuskula spesifik lokal dan kompos terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun 15, 30 dan 45 hari setelah tanam (HST) pada Ultisol. Abstract: To anticipate the decline in harvested area and production of maize in Aceh as well as to achieve national self-sufficiency in maize in 2017 the use of sub-optimal land as Ultisols can be used as an alternative. However, special care needs to be done to address issues that can inhibit plant growth. Today, a strong desire to sustainable agriculture has prompted increased use of soil microbial indigenus and application of organic material to the soil. This study aims to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) specific local and compost on the growth of maize in sub-optimal soil Ultisols. The design used was a randomized block design (RBD) factorial 3 x 3 with three replications. Factors to be examined is the type of AMF (control, Glomus sp., and Acoulospora sp.), the dose of compost (0, 25, and 50 g pot-1). The parameters observed in this study were plant height and number of leaves at 15, 30, and 45 days after planting (DAP). The results showed that there was no significant effect either singly or interaction between local specific of mycorrhizal asbuscular and compost application on plant height and number of leaves at 15, 30 and 45 DAP.
Status fungi mikoriza arbuskula pada berbagai sistem pengelolaan dan umur tanaman kelapa sawit Rossy A. Arman; Fikrinda Fikrinda; Muyassir Muyassir; Ashabul Anhar; N. F. Mardatin; Teti Arabia
Jurnal Floratek Vol 10, No 2 (2015): Oktober 2015
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Status of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Different Farming Systems and Age of Oil PalmABSTRACT. A survey was conducted to determine the Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) spore population in rhizosphere soils and its root colonization of oil palm belonging to four age class (2-3months, 2 years, 7 years, and 10 years) at PTPN I Estate plantation and smallholder farmer plantation in Cot Girek Aceh Utara. The methods used were direct isolation. The result showed that there were 14 species of AMF belongs to genus Glomus identified according to spore morphology, eight species at PTPN I and six species at smallholder oil palm plantation. AMF spore density at PTPN I and smallholder oil palm was 17.35 and 17.80 spore per 50g soil, respectively. Oil palm at 7 years old resulted in better AMF population, i.e. 53,7 spore per 50 g Soil. AMF colonization at oil palm rhizospere in both farming systems were low, i.e. 5.4% (PTPN I) and 2.9% (smallholder). Farming system and age of oil palm influenced the AMF population and root colonization, Spore density did not positively correlate with root colonization at different farming systems and age of oil palm.
Karakteristik Tanah Inceptisol yang Disawahkan di Kecamatan Indrapuri Kabupaten Aceh Besar Teti Arabia; Manfarizah Manfarizah; Syakur Syakur; Bambang Irawan
Jurnal Floratek Vol 13, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the soil characteristics of the Inceptisols which has been converted to paddy soils in Indrapuri Subdistrict, Aceh Besar District, using quantitative descriptive survey method. The results showed the morphological properties of rainfed rice fields and irrigated rice fields characterized by mottles Fe and Mn, in pedon BI1 found in all horizons (Ap, Bdg, Bg, Cg), in BI2 found in the horizon of Bdg, Bg, and BCg, while in the mixed garden (BI3) mottles is found only on the BCx horizon. In the plow pan layer (Bdg) rainfed rice fields and irrigated rice fields have a firm moist consistency, the wet is very sticky, while in the mixed garden is loose and rather sticky. The physical properties of soil at BI1, BI2 are characterized by the highest bulk density in the plow pan layer/Bdg (1.34 and 1.24 g.cm-3), slow and rather slow permeability (0.40 and 1.02 cm.jam-1), with lower porosity (38.01 and 42.15%) than BI3 horizon Bw1 (52.22%). Whereas at BI3 in the Bw1 horizon the lowest bulk density (1.18 g.cm-3), with moderate permeability (4.17 cm.hour-1). Soil chemical properties in BI1, BI2, and BI3 are classified as fertile with pH on Ap horizon 6.33 - 6.89 rather acid - neutral), Al dd is not measurable (very low), and CEC 24 - 36 cmol (+) kg-1 (medium - high). Keywords: soil characteristics, Inceptisols, irrigated paddy soils, paddy soils, mixed garden
PEMBERIAN KALIUM PADA TANAH GAMBUT TERHADAP PRODUKSI, VIABILITAS, DAN VIGOR BENIH BEBERAPA VARIETAS KACANG TANAH T. Sarwanidas; Syamsuddin Syamsuddin; Teti Arabia
Jurnal Floratek Vol 9, No 2 (2014): Oktober 2014
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

The research was aimed at finding out the relationship between potassium dosages on peats soil, yield, seedvigor, and viability of peanut. The experiment was arranged ina completely randomized design (CRD), factorial 5 x 4 with 3 replications. Potassium application was consisted of 5 levels: 0 kg ha-1, 25 kg ha-1, 50 kg ha-1,  75 kg ha-1, and 100 kg ha-1. Variety was consisted of  4 levels :  Naga Umbang, Jerapah, Gajah  and  Bison. Variables observed were yield, seed vigor, and seed viability. Results showed that potassium did not exert significant effects on all variables observed, except  on seed vigor and viability.  Varieties significantly affected yield, where Bison provided the best dried pod weight and Jerapah gave the best seed vigor and viability. No significant interaction existed between varieties and dosage of K fertilizer on the peanut yield, seed vigor, and seed viability.                                                                                                                      
Charge Characteristics and Cation Exchanges Properties of Hilly Dryland Soils Aceh Besar, Indonesia Sufardi Sufardi; Teti Arabia; Khairullah Khairullah; Karnilawati Karnilawati; Sahbudin Sahbudin; Zainabun Zainabun
Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology Vol 9, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala University

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Abstract

Soil surface charge and cation exchange are important parameters of soil fertility in tropical soils. This study was conducted to investigate characteristics of surface charges and cation exchanges on four soil orders of the dryland in  Aceh Besar district. The soil order includes Entisols Jantho (05o16’58.41” N; 95o37’51.82” E), Andisols Saree (05o27'15.6" N; 95o44'09,1" E), Inceptisols Cucum (05º18’18,37” N; 95º32’48,04” E), dan Oxisols Lembah Seulawah (05o27’19,4” N; 95o46’19,2” E). The charge characteristics of surface charge are evaluated from the parameter of DpH (pHH2O-pHKCl), variable charge (Vc), permanent charge (Pc), and point of zero charges (PZC). In contrast, cation exchange properties are evaluated from several soil chemical properties, such as soil organic matter (SOM), base saturation (BS), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and effective CEC (ECEC). The results show that the four pedons of soil in the hilly dryland of Aceh Besar include a variable charge because it has a PZC, which is characterized by a negative surface charge with a PZC of pHH2O and has CEC dependent soil pH. PZC value varies from 3.21 – 5.26 and sequentially PZC Andisols Oxisols Entisols Inceptisols. The total CEC value differs considerably from ECEC and the sum of cations. CEC total of the soils varies from 12.8 – 34.4 cmol kg-1, whereas the ECEC values vary from 2.72 – 8.66 cmol kg-1. The highest variable charge percentage is found in Andisols Saree. In contrast, the highest permanent charge is found in Inceptisols Cucum and is positively correlated with pHH20, PZC, CEC, and sums of cations or ECEC. Improving soil quality in hilly dryland soils in Aceh Besar District can be done by decreasing the PZC status of soils with organic amendments and fertilizers or increasing the pH by using liming.
Karakteristik Kimia Tanah di Daerah Vulkanik Jaboi Kota Sabang Rosa Hestia Putri; Teti Arabia; Abubakar Karim
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2020): Februari 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstrak. Tanah abu vulkanik adalah salah satu tanah yang subur dan produktif dibandingkan dengan tanah-tanah lain karena memiliki kandungan bahan organik yang tinggi dan banyak dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kimia tanah yang berada di daerah vulkanik Jaboi Kota Sabang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu survai deskriptif. Titik pengamatan (pembuatan pedon) ditentukan dengan cara survai berdasarkan transek toposekuen, yaitu rute pengamatan tanah dengan memperhatikan tingkat perbedaan kontur dan ketinggian tempat. Secara umum karakteristik kimia pada daerah vulkanik Jaboi untuk dijadikan lahan pertanian kurang baik, kecuali dilakukan perbaikan terhadap sifat-sifat kimia tersebut.Chemical Characteristics of Soil in the Jaboi Volcanic Area of Sabang CityAbstract. Volcanic ash is one of the fertile and productive soils compared to other soils because it has a high content of organic matter and is widely used for agricultural development. This study aims to determine the chemical characteristics of the soil in the Jaboi volcanic area of Sabang. The method used is descriptive survey. The observation point (pedon making) is determined by survey based on a toposequent transect, which is the soil observation route by taking into account the different levels of contours and altitude. In general the chemical characteristics of the Jaboi volcanic area to be used as agricultural land are not good, unless improvements are made to the chemical properties.
Beberapa Sifat Kimia Inceptisol yang Disawahkan Satu dan Dua Kali Setahun di Kecamatan Linge Kabupaten Aceh Tengah Cut Ulul Azmi; Zuraida Zuraida; Teti Arabia
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 7, No 3 (2022): Agustus 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Abstract

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan sifat kimia tanah Inceptisol yang disawahkan satu dan dua kali dalam setahun, untuk mengetahui pengaruh sifat kimia pada air genangan sawah satu dan dua kali setahun dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan status kesuburan tanah Inceptisol yang disawahkan satu dan dua dalam kali setahun. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai dengan November 2021. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif melalui survei di lapangan dan analisis di laboratorium. Pengamatan di lapangan bertujuan untuk melakukan pengambilan sampel tanah yang sekaligus dilakukan pengamatan terhadap karakteristik lahan dan teknik pengelolaan lahan sawah. Pengambilan sampel yang diambil mewakili lahan sawah pada saat musim tanam dalam keadaan tergenang air, tanah diambil menggunakan bor tanah dengan kedalaman efektif 0 – 20 cm di atas permukaan tanah. sedangkan sampel air pada tanah sawah, dilakukan dengan menggunakan botol sampel. Parameter kimia tanah yang di analisis yaitu: kation-kation basa (K-dd, Ca-dd, Mg-dd, Na-dd), KTK dan KB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa sifat kimia tanah seperti: K-dd 0,71 cmol(+) kg-1 (tinggi), KTK 21,73 cmol(+) kg-1 (sedang) mempunyai kriteria yang lebih baik pada sawah dua kali tanam daripada sawah satu kali tanam setahun, sedangkan pada sawah satu kali tanam setahun terdapat nilai KB 37,57 cmol(+) kg-1(sedang)  yang lebih baik daripada sawah dua kali tanam.Kata kunci: Sifat kimia, Inceptisol, tanah sawah  Some of the Chemical, Electrochemical, and Fertility Status of Inceptisols in Rice Fields Once and Twice a Year in Linge District, Central Aceh RegencyAbstract: This study aims to determine the differences in the chemical properties of Inceptisol soils that are manned one and two times a year, to determine the influence of chemical properties on rice field inundation water one and two times a year and to find out the differences in the fertility status of Inceptisol soils that are maintained one and two times a year. This research was conducted from August to November 2021. The method used is a quantitative descriptive method through surveys in the field and laboratory analysis. Observations in the field aim to take soil samples which are also carried out observations on land characteristics and paddy field management techniques. Sampling taken representing paddy fields during the growing season in a waterlogged state, the soil is taken using a soil drill with an effective depth of 0–20 cm above the soil surface. while water samples on paddy fields are carried out using sample bottles. The soil chemical parameters analyzed were: alkaline cations (K-dd, Ca-dd, Mg-dd, Na-dd), KTK, and KB. The results showed several soil chemical properties such as: K-dd 0.71 cmol(+) kg-1 (height), KTK 21.73 cmol(+) kg-1 (medium) had better criteria in two-planted rice fields. than in one-planted rice a year, while in one-planting a year, there is a KB value of 37.57 cmol(+) kg-1 (medium) which is better than twice-planted rice fields.Keywords: Chemical properties, Inceptisol, paddy fields
Karakterisasi Morfologi dan Klasifikasi Tanah Aluvial Menurut Sistem Soil Taxonomy di Kabupaten Aceh Besar Ayu Ara Putri Gayo; Zainabun Zainabun; Teti Arabia
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 7, No 3 (2022): Agustus 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (725.273 KB) | DOI: 10.17969/jimfp.v7i3.20885

Abstract

Abstrak. Tanah Aluvial merupakan tanah yang berasal dari endapan Aluvial atau koluvial muda dengan perkembangan pedon tanah lemah sampai tidak ada. Tanah Aluvial berdasarkan sistem Klasifikasi Tanah Nasional merupakan setara dengan padanan tanah Entisol. Aluvial di Desa Limpok berada pada ketinggian tempat 11 m dpl dan bentuk relief yaitu datar dengan kelerengan 3%. Tipe iklim yaitu tipe C, rejim kelembaban tergolong udik, dan rejim suhu tanah tergolong isohipertermik. Tanah dicirikan oleh: tekstur tanah liat berpasir sampai lempung liat berpasir, warna tanah cokelat gelap sampai coklat kekuningan, struktur tanah gumpal membulat, konsistensi tanah saat basah sangat lekat. C-organik tergolong sangat rendah, dan KB rendah-tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakterisasi dan klasifikasi tanah Aluvial adalah: epipedon penciri yaitu umbrik karena memiliki solum tanah ≥ 18 cm (18 cm), kandungan C-organik ≥ 0,6% (0,68%), kejenuhan basa ≤ 50% (24,35%) dan value serta chroma ≤ 3 (value 3 dan chroma 3); horison penciri bawah dijumpai adalah kambik karena memiliki tebal lapisan tanah di horison Bw ≥ 15 cm yaitu 30 cm, memiliki kelas tekstur pasir sangat halus, pasir sangat halus berlempung, atau yang lebih halus. Ordo dikategorikan Inceptisol, subordo Udept, great group Dystrudept dan subgrup Fluventic Dystrudept. Morphological Characterization and Classification of Alluvial Soil according to the Soil Taxonomy System in Aceh Besar DistrictAbstract. Alluvial soil is soil derived from young Alluvial or colluvial deposits with weak to non-existent soil pedon development. Alluvial soil based on the National Soil Classification system is equivalent to the soil equivalent of Entisol. The Alluvial in Limpok Village is at an altitude of 11 m above sea level and the relief form is flat with a slope of 3%. The climate type is type C, the humidity regime is hick, and the soil temperature regime is isohyperthermic. The soil is characterized by: sandy loam to sandy loam texture, dark brown to yellowish brown soil color, rounded loamy soil structure, very sticky soil consistency when wet. C-organic is classified as very low, and KB is low-high. The results showed that the characterization and classification of alluvial soils were: epipedon characterizing umbric because it has a soil solum 18 cm (18 cm), C-organic content 0.6% (0.68%), base saturation 50% (24,35%) and value and chroma 3 (value 3 and chroma 3); The bottom characterizing horizon found was kambik because it had a thick layer of soil in the Bw horizon 15 cm, which is 30 cm, had a texture class of very fine sand, very fine sandy loam, or a finer one. The order is categorized as Inceptisol, suborder Udept, great group Dystrudept and subgroup Fluventic Dystrudept.
Kajian Klasifikasi Tanah di Areal yang Belum dan Sudah Ditanami Nilam di Desa Teungoh Geunteut Lhoong Aceh Besar Meilia Santi; Zainabun Zainabun; Teti Arabia
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 7, No 3 (2022): Agustus 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (706.542 KB) | DOI: 10.17969/jimfp.v7i3.20893

Abstract

Abstrak. Tanah memiliki sifat yang khas, data mengenai morfologi dan klasifikasi tanah khususnya Inceptisol mutlak diperlukan karena Inceptisol merupakan tanah yang belum matang dengan perkembangan profil yang lemah karena terdapat dalam keseimbangan dengan lingkungan sehingga penggunaan Inceptisol untuk pertanian dan non pertania beraneka ragam. Nilam dapat tumbuh di berbagai jenis tanah sepeti Inceptisol. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana klasifikasi tanah di areal yang belum dan sudah ditanami nilam di desa Teungoh Geunteut Lhoong Aceh besar. Pada areal yang belum dan sudah ditanami nilam mengamati tiga parameter yaitu tekstur tanah tiga fraksi, C-organik tanah, dan kejenuhan basa (KB) tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa areal yang belum dan sudah ditanami nilam memiliki klasifikasi tanah yang sama dimulai dari tingkat epipedon, horizon penciri bawah, regim kelembaban, ordo tanah, subordo, great group, dan subgroup.Kata kunci : Klasifikasi tanah, tanaman nilamStudy of Soil Clasification in Areas that Have Not Been and Have Been Planted with Patchouli in the Village of Teungoh Geunteut, Lhoong Aceh BesarAbstract. Soil has distinctive properties, data on morphology and soil classification, especially Inceptisols are absolutely necessary because Inceptisols are immature soils with a weak profile development because they are in balance with the environment so that the use of Inceptisols for agriculture and non-agriculture varies widely. Patchouli can grow in various types of soil such as Inceptisols. This study examines how the land classification in areas that have not been planted with patchouli in the village of Teungoh Geunteut Lhoong Aceh Besar. In areas that have not been and have been planted with patchouli, observing three parameters, namely soil texture with three fractions, soil C-organic, and soil base saturation (KB). The results showed that the areas that had not been planted with patchouli had the same soil classification starting from the epipedon level, lower characteristic horizon, moisture regime, soil order, suborder, great group, and subgroup.Keywords: Soil classification, patchouli plant