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Effect of Dietary Protein Level and Protein to Energi Ratio on the Growth of Swimming Crab Portunus pelagicus Serang, A. Malik; Suprayudi, M. Agus; Jusadi, D.; Mokoginta, I.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2007): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

The extending of protein and energy of the Swimming crab should be on certain limit that could be give maximum growth. The objective of this research are to determine of the protein level and optimum energy ratio of protein (C/P) at rajungan (Portunus pelagicus). The Crab-5 (C-5) stage used in the experiment, maintained in the topless (volume of 2 liters), with density of 1 crab/glass. There were seven of the experimental diets namely A (protein of 30%; C/P of 8 kkal), B (30%; 9.5), C (35%; 8), D (35%; 9.5), E (40%; 8), F (40%; 9.5) and G (45%; 8) with extending of food are 5 time of daily. Complete randomize design with 2 of factor and 3 of replication use in the experiment. The results of this experiment showed that interaction of the protein level and the energy ratio of protein is influence to the growth rate of daily and retention of lipid. The D is the best in give of the growth rate of daily, the consumption of food, the retention of protein, and the frequency of moulting (P

Dietary Zinc Requirement of Young Giant Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy, Lac.) Setiawati, Mia; Azwar, N.R.; Mokoginta, I.; Affandi, R.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2007): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

This experiment was conducted to determine the dietary zinc requirement of young giant gouramy. Five experimental diets were used in this experiment containing iso-nitrogenous and iso-energy with different levels of zinc (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg per kg). The initial means of body weight of body the fishes was 0.82 g per individual. The fishes were fed upon the diets at satiation, three times daily, for 12 weeks. The results indicated no zinc deficiency symptoms in this experiment. The daily growth rate, feed efficiency, survival rates and protein and lipid retention were not significantly different from all the diets. However, fish fed upon 25 mg Zn/kg diets produced the highest protein and total digestibility. The zinc contents of 25 mg Zn/kg diets gave the highest value in zinc accumulation in the bone, blood serum and eyes. The highest accumulation of the zinc in the liver occurred in 50 mg Zn/kg diets. There was increase in zinc content of the tissues after increasing levels of dietary zinc. Thus, Zn requirement for juvenile of giant gouramy was 25-50 mg/kg diets. Keywords: Osphronemus gouramy, Zinc, diet ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan seng dalam pakan untuk benih ikan gurame. Lima jenis pakan percobaan yang diuji mengandung iso-nitrogen dan iso-energi dengan kadar seng (Zn) yang berbeda (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg per kg). Bobot rata-rata benih yang digunakan adalah 0,82 g per ekor. Ikan dipelihara selama 12 minggu dan diberi pakan 3 kali sehari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada gejala defisiensi Zn. Laju pertumbuhan harian, efisiensi pakan, kelangsungan hidup dan rentesi protein dan lemak tidak berbeda nyata untuk semua perlakuan. Namun demikian, ikan yang diberi Zn sebanyak 25 mg/kg pakan menghasilkan kecernaan total dan protein tertinggi. Perlakuan tersebut juga menghasilkan akumulasi Zn tertinggi dalam tulang, serum darah dan mata. Akumulasi Zn tertinggi dalam hati diperoleh pada perlakuan 50 mg Zn/kg pakan. Kandungan Zn dalam jaringan meningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya kadar Zn dalam pakan. Dengan demikian, kebutuhan Zn bagi benih ikan gurame adalah sebanyak 25-50 mg /kg pakan. Kata kunci: Osphronemus gouramy, seng, pakan

Growth performance of African catfish (Clarias sp.) juvenile fed on the diets containing various chromium content Aryansyah, H.; Mokoginta, I.; Jusadi, D.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2007): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dietary chromium level on the growth performance of catfish (Clarias sp.) juvenile. Five experimental diets contain different chromium level, namely diet A (as a control diet) 0.01; B 1.30; C 2.60; D 3.90 and E 5.20 mg/kg diet were used in this experiment. Fish with body weight of 5.57 ± 0.01 g/ind, fed on the experimental diet, twice a day, at satiation. Feeding trial was conducted for 60 days. Based on the evaluation of protein level of the whole body, protein and lipid retention, daily growth rate and feed efficiency, it was concluded that the optimum dietary chromium level for catfish juvenile was 2.60 mg/kg diet. Keywords: chromium, growth, Clarias sp. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kromium dengan level berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele (Clarias sp.) juvenil. Lima jenis pakan yang mengandung kromium berbeda, yaitu pakan A (kontrol) 0,01; B 1,30; C 2,60; D 3,90 dan pakan E 5,20 mg/kg digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Ikan dengan bobot 5,57 ± 0,01 g/ind., diberi pakan 2 kali sehari secara satiasi. Pemeliharaan ikan dilakukan selama 60 hari. Berdasarkan analisa retensi protein, kandungan protein dan retensi lemak dalam tubuh ikan lele, disimpulkan bahwa kadar kromium yang optimum untuk juvenil ikan lele adalah 2,60 mg/kg pakan. Kata kunci: kromium, pertumbuhan, Clarias sp.

Rearing of Humpback Grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) Fed on Pellet and Trash Fish in Cage Culture System Fauzi, I.A.; Mokoginta, I.; Yaniharto, D.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

This experiment was conducted in order to have comparative description about the growth of humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) fed by artificial diets compare to the trash fish in cage culture system. The protein level of the artificial diet was 42.5%, and the trash fish was 51-70%. Fish fed on the experimental diet twice a day, at satiation, for 60 days. Result showed that the growth rate of fish fed on the artificial diet are slightly lower (6.37% and 8.38%) than that of trash fish (11.11% and 10.18%). Though the growth levels are lower, the feed conversion ratio (3.55 and 3.13) showed a better value than that of fish fed on trash fish (4.81 and 5.83). The use of artificial feed is also more economical than trash fish feed based on cost of the feed. With that fact we can conclude that artificial feed can equalize or even substitute the trash fish feed for Humpback grouper rearing in cage culture system. Keywords: artificial diets, cage culture, humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan ikan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis) antara yang diberi pakan buatan dan ikan rucah, yang dipelihara pada keramba jaring apung. Kadar protein pakan buatan adalah 42,5%, dan ikan rucah adalah 51-70%. Ikan diberi pakan 2 kali sehari, secara satiasi, selama 60 hari pemeliharaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan ikan yang diberi pakan buatan lebih rendah (6,37% dan 8,38%) dibandingkan dengan yang diberi ikan rucah (11,11% dan 10,18%). Meskipun laju pertumbuhan lebih rendah, konversi pakannya (3,55 dan 3,13) lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ikan yang diberi pakan berupa ikan rucah (4,81 dan 5,83). Berdasarkan biaya untuk pakan, penggunaan pakan buatan lebih ekonomis dibandingkan ikan rucah. Dengan demikian, pakan buatan dapat menggantikan ikan rucah dalam pemeliharaan ikan kerapu bebek di keramba jaring apung. Kata kunci: pakan buatan, keramba jaring apung, ikan kerapu bebek, Cromileptes altivelis

Ovarian development of female mud crab, Scylla serrata supplemented with cholesterol and injected with serotonin Pattiasina, Betsy J.; Junior, M. Zairin; Mokoginta, I.; Affandi, R.; Manalu, W.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Cholesterol is known to play an important role in nutrition of crustacean and function as a precursor for steroids synthesis, while neurohormone of serotonin could induce ovarian maturation in crustacean. Ovarian development of adult females Scylla serrata was induced by adding cholesterol in the diet and serotonin injection. This research was designed to study the effectiveness of cholesterol supplementation and serotonin injection in ovarian development. Broodstocks were stocked in nine experimental units in three fiber tanks. The fiber tank was equipped with sands substrate and flow through seawater system. The experimental crabs were assigned into a completely randomized design with a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement. The first factor was cholesterol supplementation in the diet with 3 levels (0, 0,5 and 1,0%). The second factor was serotonin injection with 3 levels (0, 5 and 10 μg/g BW). Samples of broodstock were taken every four days to evaluate the stages of ovarian maturity and parameters were used to evaluate the ovarian maturation stage are gonad index (GI) and oocyte diameter, concentration of estradiol 17β, yolk protein concentrations, and fecundity. Results showed that female crabs supplemented with 0,5% cholesterol and a combination of cholesterol 0,5% supplementation and injection serotonin with a dose of 10 μg/g BW had better reproduction development. It is concluded that ovarian development of Scylla serrata could be improved by cholesterol supplementation and serotonin injection. Key words: Cholesterol, serotonin, ovarian development, Scylla serrata ABSTRAK Kolesterol diketahui merupakan nutrien spesifik yang berperan dalam sisntesis hormon steroid dan mengontrol reproduksi, sementara serotonin merupakan salah satu neurohormon yang dilaporkan dapat merangsang pematangan ovari dan pemijahan pada krustase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pemberian kolesterol yang optimal dalam pakan buatan, serta dosis penyuntikan serotonin yang efektif untuk mempercepat proses perkembangan dan pematangan ovarium induk kepiting bakau Scylla serrata. Pemeliharaan induk dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga buah bak fiber. Bak pemeliharaan dilengkapi dengan substrat pasir dan sistim air laut mengalir. Eksperimen menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial, dengan 9 satuan percobaan. Faktor pertama, suplemen kolesterol didalam pakan dengan 3 tingkat dosis (0; 0,5; dan 1%) dan faktor kedua, injeksi serotonin dengan 3 tingkat dosis (0, 5, dan 10 μg/g bobot tubuh). Pengamatan terhadap tingkat kematangan ovari dilakukan setiap 4 hari sekali. Paramater pengambilan sampel meliputi tingkat kematangan ovari, indeks gonad dan diameter oosit, konsentrasi estradiol 17β, konsentrasi protein yolk, dan fekunditas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induk kepiting yang disuplementasi dengan dosis kolesterol 0,5% dan induk kepiting yang mendapat perlakuan kombinasi, suplementasi kolesterol 0,5% dan injeksi serotonin dosis 10 μg/g bobot tubuh dapat menghasilkan perkembangan ovari yang terbaik. Jadi kolesterol dan serotonin dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan perkembangan ovari. Kata-kata kunci: Kolesterol, serotonin, perkembangan ovari, Scylla serrata

Blood Meal Utilization as Organic Fe Source for Polka Dot Grouper Cromileptes altivelis Growth Performance Setiawati, Mia; Purnama, P.; Mokoginta, I.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

This experiment was designed to examine the use of spray dried cell blood meal as organic Fe source in polka dot grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) feed to substitute inorganic Ferosulphate (FeSO4.7H2O). Two treatments were applied, one with FeSO4.7H2O as Fe source and the other with 6% blood meal. Fish with initial length and weight of 6.48 ± 0.16 cm and 5.60±0.25 g was reared at a density of 10 fish/aquarium (40 x 60 x 50 cm3) in a recirculation system for 40 days. Feed was administrated 3 times a day at satiation. The use of organic Fe with 6% blood meal apparently resulted in a lower body Fe content, feed consumption and lipid retention but a higher protein retention and feed efficiency. There was however no significant difference between treatments in growth and survival (P>0.05). Keywords : Spray dried cell, polka dot grouper, growth, Fe, blood meal ABSTRAK Penelitian dirancang untuk melihat pemanfaatan tepung darah spray-dried cell (SBC) sebagai sumber zat besi organik dalam pakan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis), menggantikan bahan anorganik Ferosulfat (FeSO4.7H2O). Penelitian menggunakan 2 jenis perlakuan yaitu pakan Fe-anorganik dengan sumber Fe dari FeSO4.7H2O dan sumber Fe-organik dari tepung darah 6 %. Panjang awal ikan 6,48±0,16 cm dan bobot awal 5,60±0,25 gr/ekor, kepadatan 10 ekor/akuarium (40x60x50cm3) dalam sistem resirkulasi. Pemeliharaan ikan selama 40 hari dengan pemberian pakan 3 kali sehari sekenyangnya (at satiation). Parameter uji meliputi kinerja pertumbuhan dan komposisi tubuh ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan Fe-organik dengan 6 % tepung darah sebagai pengganti sumber Fe-anorganik pada kerapu bebek memberikan pengaruh terhadap penurunan kandungan Fe tubuh, konsumsi pakan dan retensi lemak, tetapi laju pertumbuhan harian, panjang relatif dan kelangsungan hidup sama (P>0,05). Penggunaan Fe-organik memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan retensi protein dan efisiensi pakan. Kata kunci : spray-dried cell, kerapu bebek, pertumbuhan, Fe, tepung darah

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