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Journal : Journal of ICSAR

Associated Factors that Supporting Toilet Training for Children with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review Jaleha, Siti; Hufad, Achmad; Aprilia, Imas Diana; Sunardi, Sunardi
Journal of ICSAR Vol 8, No 1 (2024): January
Publisher : Department of Special Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um005v8i1p65

Abstract

The basic aspect that must be mastered by children with intellectual disabilities before mastering other self-development skills is doing toilet training independently. Learning for children with intellectual disabilities in carrying out toilet training activities requires a separate technique and needs to pay attention to the factors that support the success of the program. This study aims to describe the associated factors that support toilet training for children with intellectual disabilities. This study uses a qualitative approach with a type of literature review research that seeks to describe the related factors that support toilet training for children with intellectual disabilities. This literature review was conducted from August to December 2022 using PRISMA. The authors conducted searches in online databases with large repositories of academic studies and fully accessible by the authors. The results showed that: (1) the toilet training program was made based on the results of an assessment containing the abilities, needs, and potential of children with intellectual disabilities, (2) knowledge and intervention skills possessed by parents provide a great opportunity for successful toilet training for children , and (3) there is collaboration between parents and teachers regarding the implementation of toilet training. The success of toilet training for children with intellectual disabilities is influenced by many factors so that the toilet training process requires intensive assistance, especially for parents.
Application of DTT (Discrete Trail Training) Method in Improving the Eye Contact Ability of Autistic Children Jaleha, Siti; Mirnawati, Mirnawati
Journal of ICSAR Vol 3, No 2 (2019): July
Publisher : Department of Special Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (377.689 KB)

Abstract

Autistic children are children who have developmental disorders that affect several aspects which include communication, social interaction, sensory disorders, play patterns, behavior, linguistics, perception, cognitive, and emotional. Usually these autistic children are less interested in making social contact and lack of eye contact. Autistic children’s problems are still low in eye contact so that it has an impact on behavior and social at school, because of the lack of teacher knowledge about autistic children and teachers who handle children currently do not have an extraordinary teacher education background. For this reason, the application of DTT (Discrete Trail Training) Method is very suitable to increase eye contact ability to attract children’s attention. The purpose of this research was to determine the application of DTT (Discrete Trail Training) method in improving the eye contact ability of autistic children. This research used a quantitative approach with SSR method or known as Single Subject Research. The research design used was the A-B-A reversal design. The subjects in this research were autistic children in sixth grade at SLB Negeri Pelambuan Banjarmasin. Data collection used event recording system or direct observation and documentation, data analysis techniques include analysis in conditions and analysis between conditions using descriptive statistics. The results of the research show that the mean level in the Baseline (A1) phase is 4.8 seconds, in the intervention phase (B) is 6.6 seconds and in the Baseline (A2) phase is 7.6 seconds. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an increase in the ability of eye contact of autistic children in SLB Negeri Pelambuan Banjarmasin after DTT (Discrete Trail Training) Method is applied.