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IDENTIFICATION OF WHITE NOISE AND 1/f IN CURRENT MIRROR CONFIGURATION BASED ON VDS MOSFET Maria Rosariana Gea; Lazuardi Umar; Rahmondia Nanda Setiadi
JOURNAL ONLINE OF PHYSICS Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022): JOP (Journal Online of Physics) Vol 7 No 2
Publisher : Prodi Fisika FST UNJA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jop.v7i2.18167

Abstract

Identifying noise in the Current Mirror (CM) circuit is essential to locate noise signals in biosensor applications so that measurements become more accurate and precise. There are two dominant types of noise: white noise, which consists of thermal noise and shot noise, and also low-frequency noise (1/f  noise). The main component of the CM circuit is the BS250 type MOSFET, which works by varying the width of the charge carrier channelcontrolled by the voltage at the gate. When the drain is given a voltage, electrons will flow from the source to the drain which generates the noise.This study was carried out to identify the noise in the CM configuration by varying the reference voltage of MOSFET using the PCI-6221 card data integrated with the LabVIEW program. The reference voltage values ​​used are 1 mV, 10 mV, and 100 mV to determine the effect of the input voltage on the CM circuit noise signal, while the measurement frequency is varied from 0.1 Hz to 100 kHz with a resolution of 0.1 Hz. The results show that the noise characteristics vary with the applied voltage, which will increase at a higher voltage. Analysis of 1/f noise at frequencies up to 0.2 Hz has a gradient increase of up to 10 times for each given voltage value. Based on the value of the data distribution on the white noise measurement, it shows that a voltage of 100 mV produces the highest noise with an average of 3.62 × 10-7 Vrms/Hz1/2. The results of this study are used in the design of CM circuits with minimal noise.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Bawang Sebagai Pestisida dan Pupuk Organik Intan Kurnia; Elika Br Gultom; Dini Afriyunita; Sukma Sakinah; Fefi Herninda; Rika Arnida; Fajar Bayu Lesmana; Cahaya Samudra; Mhd Dimas Fahdiansyah; M. Ejie Prasetyo; Rahmondia Nanda Setiadi
MASPUL JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT Vol 4 No 2 (2022): MASPUL JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Muhammadiyah Enrekang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The use of chemical pesticides in plant pest control is an easy and effective reason, although many have negative impacts on the environment. This can be a consideration for farmers in the use of organik pesticides that use materials available in nature to control plant-disturbing organisms, one of the organik pesticide ingredients used is onion skin and garlic, because they contain substances that are toxic to insects and fungi. Onion and garlic extracts can function as insect repellents. The activity of making organik pesticides is intended as a medicine for plants cultivated by farmers in Kota Lama Village, Indragiri Hulu District, Riau Province. Organik pesticides that are made are known to function in preventing insect pests on plants cultivated by local residents. The results of the pesticide have been applied to local residents' gardens. With the presence of pesticides and organik fertilizers, the people of Kota Lama Village feel very helpful because they can reduce costs for caring for plants. The use of pesticides and organik fertilizers is a new and much safer alternative for human health.
DETEKSI KADAR ETANOL PADA MAKANAN TRADISIONAL LEMANG TAPAI MENGGUNAKAN MIKROBIAL BIOSENSOR Nadratul Hanifah; Rahmondia Nanda Setiadi; Yanuar Yanuar; Vira Annisa Rosandi; Lazuardi Umar
JOURNAL ONLINE OF PHYSICS Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): JOP (Journal Online of Physics) Vol 8 No 3
Publisher : Prodi Fisika FST UNJA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jop.v8i3.27517

Abstract

Konsumsi etanol memiliki konsekuensi bagi kesehatan, dimana penentuan etanol sangat relevan dengan uji toksikologi klinis yang mempengaruhi sistem saraf, sistem peredaran darah, sistem pencernaan sehingga perlu dideteksi. Biosensor amperometris merupakan alternatif untuk deteksi etanol dalam makanan yang diamati melalui nilai tegangan output, diperoleh dari oksigen terlarut yang tertinggal dari hasil metabolisme sel. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan deteksi etanol secara kuantitatif memanfaatkan biosensor berbasis sel ragi Saccharomyces cerevisiae untuk mengetahui kadar etanol yang terdapat pada makanan tradisional Lemang Tapai dengan nilai <5%. Larutan etanol standar dengan konsentrasi 1.2%, 2.43%, 3.64% dan 4.86% v/v sebagai kalibrasi sensor yang menunjukkan korelasi (r) yang baik yaitu 0.9937. Hasil pengukuran Lemang Tapai yang dideteksi oleh biosensor menunjukkan konsentrasi etanol 2.79%. Pengolahan data konsentrasi yang dihasilkan kemudian diuji menggunakan metode statistik Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) untuk mengetahui signifikansi perbedaan data yang dihasilkan untuk tiap konsentrasi etanol yang diuji. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran dan kewaspadaan masyarakat terhadap adanya etanol dalam makanan tradisional yang berbahaya ketika dikosumsi secara berlebih.
Identification and Classification of Thiamine with Amperometric Biosensor Based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Principal Component Analysis Umar, Lazuardi; Rosandi, Vira Annisa; Nainggolan, Leonardus Riski; Setiadi, Rahmondia Nanda; Linda, Tetty Marta
POSITRON Vol 13, No 1 (2023): Vol. 13 No. 1 Edition
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Univetsitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/positron.v13i1.59432

Abstract

Vitamin B1 (thiamine) plays an important role in various metabolic processes and is one of the main factors in the body's health. Thiamine excess and deficiency in the body might cause a variety of diseases such as shortness of breath, beriberi, and heart failure, hence thiamine levels must be detected as a reference for intake. The present research detected thiamine using the amperometric biosensor method and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a bioreceptor. Dissolved oxygen (DO) level measurement parameters are considered based on yeast cell metabolism. Thiamine was treated with various concentrations of 15 mM, 30 mM, 45 mM, 60 mM, and 75 mM. The measurement results are in the voltage range of 1912–1964 mV, where the addition of thiamine causes an increase in the reproducibility and growth rate of yeast cells. The ideal characteristics of the biosensor based on the parameters of sensitivity, linearity, and stability was also carried out, which resulted in successive biosensor measurements of 0.925 mV/mM, a correlation coefficient of r = 0.9868, and a decrease in the voltage response of the biosensor up to 4.97% from its initial activity. The measured data were grouped and classified using principal component analysis (PCA), which resulted in a total accumulated data variance percentage of 84.5% and an eigenvalue > 1 for both PCs. It is intended that the findings of this research can be utilized as a reference for controlling vitamin consumption levels that have an impact on health.
Quantitative Caffeine Analysis in Robusta Coffee Utilizing Amperometric Biosensing Technology Rosandi, Vira Annisa; Umar, Lazuardi; Setiadi, Rahmondia Nanda; Rini, Ari Sulistyo; Erwin, Erwin; Yanuar, Yanuar; Linda, Tetty Marta
POSITRON Vol 13, No 2 (2023): Vol. 13 No. 2 Edition
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Univetsitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/positron.v13i2.70008

Abstract

Consuming caffeine in inappropriate amounts can disrupt various aspects, especially health. Controlling intake by knowing the caffeine levels in coffee is necessary to reduce the potential negative impacts. This research focuses on the detection of caffeine in Robusta coffee at two different concentrations (1:10 and 1:20 g/mL) and its relationship with yeast metabolism. An amperometric biosensor with a transimpedance amplifier to measure caffeine levels is used which has the advantages of sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, real time monitoring, biocompatibility, and reliable measurements. The data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and visualized using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results revealed a concentration -dependent decrease in biosensor readings as caffeine levels increased (0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mM), indicating caffeine's ability to inhibit yeast oxygen consumption and oxygen-dependent metabolic processes. The sensitivity of the biosensor in detecting caffeine is 36.66 mV/mM. PCA uncovered complex patterns, relationships, and variations within the caffeine data. PC1 and PC2, the first two principal components, collectively explained 86.3% of the data's variance. Eigenvalues for both PCs were greater than 1, highlighting their significance in understanding the dataset's complexity. This research enhances our understanding of caffeine content in Robusta coffee and its effects on yeast metabolism, providing valuable insights for the coffee industry. This use of yeast biosensors offers efficiency, and adaptability that make that biosensor valuable in a variety of scientific and industrial contexts.
DEVELOPMENT OF DC-DC BUCK CONVERTER FOR SOLAR PANEL ENERGY STORAGE THROUGH LOAD OPTIMIZATION AND FEEDBACK CIRCUIT Indrasari, Widyaningrum; Rama, Gusti; Setiadi, Rahmondia Nanda; Hasanah, Lilik; Sahari, Siti Kudnie
Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023): SPEKTRA: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya, Volume 8 Issue 3, December 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Fisika Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/SPEKTRA.083.02

Abstract

Solar panels are crucial components in converting sun radiation into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. A solar panels cannot be connected directly to the load due to its low energy conversion efficiency and low output voltage. One of the methods used to control solar cells to operate efficiently at their maximum power point is MPPT. In this paper, we design a DC-DC converter by modifications of the Butterworth filter circuit and feedback circuit in the MPPT system for storing solar panel electrical using the Hill Climbing (HC) method. The device consists of a DC-DC buck converter circuit, two pieces of INA219 sensors, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a MAX44009 light intensity sensor, a SD card module and a DS3231 RTC. The DC-DC buck converter circuit simulation is carried out to determine the optimal load. The load optimization was conducted by analyzing the AC simulation using Ltspice software. The magnitude of the output voltage ripple in nine different loads was observed. From the simulations performed, it was found that the 50 Ω load has an output voltage ripple of 8.96 mV and is smaller than the other loads. The main DC-DC buck converter circuit is designed using a butterworth low pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 1000 Hz (R = 50 Ω, L = 33.8 mH and C = 750 nF) and a feedback circuit with a cut-off frequency of 500 Hz is added. From the prototype measurement, it was found that the average output power was 3249,7 milliwatts and the average input power was 4779 milliwatts, thus the average efficiency was 68%. With these results, the DC-DC converter circuit configuration is suitable for use in electrical energy storage systems from solar panels that have high efficiency.
Preparation and characterization of Cr-TiO2/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite for methylene blue degradation Hadilala, Teguh P; Amiruddin, Erwin; Awaluddin, Amir; Setiadi, Rahmondia Nanda
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 21, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.21.3.205-210

Abstract

In this study, Cr-TiO2/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite was prepared by the ball milling method, incorporating chromium, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles extracted from Logas-Kuansing natural sand. The structural, magnetic, morphological, and optical properties of these nanocomposites were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. XRD revealed that both the pure and chromium-added nanocomposites have a hexagonal structure, with a crystalline size reduction from 17.5 nm to 19.7, 19.5, and 19.4 nm for the pure and chromium-added samples with chromium concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt.%, respectively. Magnetic properties were analyzed through hysteresis loops using VSM, revealing coercivity, saturation magnetization, and remanence magnetization in the ranges of 131 – 247 Oe, 0.80 – 0.54 emu/g, and 0.097 – 0.116 emu/g, respectively. SEM analysis confirmed that the particle shape and size are within the nanometer scale. The optical band gap, estimated using the Tauc relation, decreased from 1.93 eV for the pure nanocomposite to 1.74, 1.68, and 1.72 eV for 5, 10, and 15 wt.% chromium-added nanocomposites, respectively. This study suggests that the prepared Cr-TiO2/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite exhibits promising physical properties as a catalyst for the degradation of methylene blue.
Relation of reflectance intensity and chemical contents of oil palm fresh fruit bunches using multispectral imaging Arpyanti, Nisa; Shiddiq, Minarni; Setiadi, Rahmondia Nanda; Rabin, Mohammad Fisal; Harmailil, Ihsan Okta; Dasta, Vicky Vernando
Indonesian Physics Communication Vol 22, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jkfi.22.2.149-156

Abstract

Multispectral imaging has been widely used for the classification of fruits and vegetables. This technique offers both spectral and spatial resolution, enabling the evaluation of fruit quality based on its chemical properties. This study aims to analyze the relationship between reflectance intensity obtained from multispectral imaging and the chemical composition of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFBs), specifically oil content and free fatty acid (FFA) levels, measured using the Soxhlet extraction method. The multispectral imaging system consists of a monochrome camera and an LED light source with eight wavelengths ranging from 680 nm to 900 nm. FFB images were processed using Python scripts to extract reflectance intensity. The Python scripts were also used to analyze the correlation between reflectance intensity and both oil content and FFA levels. A total of 15 unripe and 15 ripe FFB samples were used. Correlation analysis was focused on the 780 nm wavelength due to its high reflectance intensity. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between reflectance intensity and oil content was r = -0.39 for unripe fruits and r = 0.29 for ripe fruits, while the combined data yielded a strong correlation of r = 0.92. For FFA, the correlation was r = -0.41 for unripe fruits, r = -0.34 for ripe fruits, and r = 0.72 for the combined dataset. These findings demonstrate that multispectral imaging is a promising non-destructive method for classifying the ripeness of oil palm FFBs based on oil content and FFA levels.
Developing Carbon Nanofibers from Gnetum Gnemon Linn Pericarp Using Dual Activators KOH And Melamine as Innovative Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors Farma, Rakhmawati; Putri, Hardini Chania; Apriyani, Irma; Azwat, Luqyana Adha; Awitdrus, Awitdrus; Deraman, Mohamad; Rini, Ari Sulistyo; Setiadi, Rahmondia Nanda; Taer, Erman
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 57 No. 6 (2025): Vol. 57 No. 6 (2025): December
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2025.57.6.2

Abstract

Synthesis of carbon nanofibers from Gnetum gnemon Linn (GP) biomass with dual activators, KOH and melamine, offers a potential approach for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. This study evaluated the preparation of GP-based carbon nanofibers through single and double activation, with varying melamine masses of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 g at 0.3 M KOH. The pyrolysis (integrated carbonization and physical activation) occurred at 600°C in N₂ and 800°C in CO₂ atmospheres. The material was activated using 0.3 g of melamine in 0.3 M KOH to produce abundant and highly amorphous nanofiber structures. These characteristics contributed to the high specific capacitance of 400 F/g at a scan rate of 1 mV/s and an energy density of 17 Wh/kg at a power of 465 W/kg. These results demonstrated the synergistic effect of melamine and KOH in increasing the active surface area and structural conductivity. This finding confirms the potential of GP biomass that has not been optimally utilized as a sustainable precursor for energy storage applications, especially supercapacitors.