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Allometric Equation for Pinang (Areca catechu) Biomass and C Stocks Cahyo Prayogo; Rika Ratna Sari; Degi Harja Asmara; Subekti Rahayu; Kurniatun Hairiah
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 40, No 3 (2018): OCTOBER
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v40i3.1124

Pinang nut (Areca catechu L.) is a major agroforestry crops in Papua with high economic value. This study developed allometric equations for estimating Pinang biomass on the basis of stem diameter and height by destructive sampling inagroforestry systems. Aboveground biomass was measured and linked to plant stem diameter at various heights (0.13 and 130 cm above the ground) and plant height. The resultant equation was used for biomass estimates in various agroforestry systems with Pinang trees, with total of 18 plots differentiated in bottom, middle and upper slope positions. As expected for palm trees, plant height is a better predictor (Y = 0.816 H1.42; R2 = 0.89) of biomass than stem diameter, with equal results for diameter measurements at 13 or 130 cm height (Y = 0.0689 D2.59; R2 = 0.74). Best results were for an equation combining diameter and plant height: Y = 0.03883*H*D1.2; R2 = 0.96. Agroforestry systems on the upper slopes had the highest carbon stocks (38.8 Mg ha-1) than the middle and lower slopes (25.9 and 22.5 Mg ha-1, respectively). Aboveground carbon stocks of Pinang in study area ranged from 0.96 to 20.9 kg C tree-1 with an average of 10.1 kg C tree-1.

Turning Volcanic Ash into Fertile Soil: Farmers’ Options in Coffee Agroforestry After the 2014 Mount Kelud Eruption Rizki Maulana Ishaq; Danny Dwi Saputra; Rika Ratna Sari; Didik Suprayogo; Widianto Widianto; Cahyo Prayogo; Kurniatun Hairiah
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 42, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v42i1.2494

Post eruption land reclamation consists of hoeing, mixing volcanic ash with soil, adding external organic and/or in-organic fertilizers and making infiltration-pits (‘rorak’). This study, after the 2014 eruption of Kelud volcano, aimed to evaluate: (a) soil physico-chemical fertility post eruption, (b) impact of organic inputs interacting with ash in infiltration pits on soil C and N underneath (1st experiment), (c) biomass loss (decomposition) of local biomass (Trema orientalis and Parasponia andersonii) in a coffee agroforestry system (2nd experiment). Measurements in the ash-affected (+Ash) Tulungrejo-village (Ngantang-Malang district) were contrasted with an area without recent ash deposits (-Ash) in Krisik (Gandusari-Wlingi district). The 1st experiment (-Ash site) treatments did not lead to statistically significant influences on soil conditions just below the infiltration pits during 12 weeks of monitoring. The 2nd experiment quantified rate of biomass loss from litterbags. In +Ash location, litter half-life time (t50) was 19.5 weeks for coffee or Parasponia as single biomass source to 24 weeks for Coffee+Sengon+Durian. In -Ash location decomposition was slower, with t50 of 24 weeks for Parasponia to 27 weeks for Coffee+Sengon+Durian biomass. Concentrations of soil NH4 and NO3 below the litterbags peaked between 4 to 8 weeks, with nitrification lagging behind on ammonium release.

Karakteristik Hutan Rakyat Jati dan Sengon serta Manfaat Ekonominya di Kabupaten Malang Rika Ratna Sari; Kurniatun Hairiah; Suyanto Suyanto
Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis Vol 2, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Agricultural Social Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University

Penanaman pepopohan di lahan pertanian dalam sistem agroforestry dan hutan rakyat diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keberlanjutan lansekap yang dinilai dari aspek ekologi, sosial dan ekonomi. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh manajemen lahan yang menentukan proses pengambilan keputusan terkait sistem penggunaan lahan yang dipilih dan jenis tanaman yang akan ditanam. Keberadaan pohon dalam sistem hutan rakyat diharapkan mampu memperbaiki produktivitas lahan dan dapat memberikan pendapatan untuk perbaikan dalam aspek ekonomi. Penilaian manfaat ekonomi pohon dalam kurun waktu tertentu dapat dilakukan melalui analisis Net Present Value (NPV). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi keuntungan yang diperoleh petani pada sistem hutan rakyat khususnya tanaman sengon dan jati dibandingkan dengan tanaman semusim (jagung dan bawang merah) serta menganalisis sistem mana yang lebih menguntungkan ditinjau dari aspek ekonomi dan ekologi.Survey dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait biaya produksi dan pendapatan dari petani yang benar-benar mengelola sistem hutan rakyat. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada di Kabupaten Malang yang merupakan sentra hutan rakyat di Jawa Timur. Populasi pohon rata-rata pada hutan rakyat adalah 1396 pohon ha-1. Hutan rakyat jati dan sengon, sekitar 77% didominasi oleh kayu sedang (BJ 0,6 – 0,75 g cm-3), dan 23% kayu ringan. Total cadangan karbon di Hutan rakyat jati cukup tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan hutan rakyat sengon. Secara ekonomi, hutan rakyat jati memiliki nilai NPV tertinggi yakni Rp. 643.514.720,-/ha/30 tahun, sedang hutan rakyat sengon sekitar 44% lebih rendah (Rp. 357.833.338,-/ha/30 tahun). Nilai NPV pada hutan rakyat lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tanaman semusim sehingga hutan rakyat lebih menguntungkan secara ekonomi dibandingkan tanaman semusim. Secara ekologi hutan rakyat mampu memperbaiki kondisi lahan dan kesuburan tanah secara perlahan melalui masukan seresahnya, serta dapat menekan limpasan permukaan karena tutupan kanopinya dan meningkatkan cadangan karbon

Stay on trails: Detrimental effects of recreational activities on soil compaction and infiltration Saputra, Danny Dwi; Putra, Aditya Nugraha; Sari, Rika Ratna; Ishaq, Rizki Maulana; Hadiwijoyo, Erekso; Hadi, Maruf; Suprayogo, Didik
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2024.114.6213

Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTS-NP) in East Java, Indonesia showcases a breathtaking volcanic landscape and cultural allure, drawing hundreds of thousands of domestic and international visitors. Recreational activities involving human and animal trampling and motorized-vehicle traffic caused soil disturbance along their networks of paths, trails, or roads, potentially having a detrimental long-term effect on the tourism industry and environmental services provided by the national parks. However, the extent of the impact of these disturbances on soil properties remains unclear. This study assessed the impact of different disturbance intensities, consisting of undisturbed locations as a control (zone 1), low to medium- (zone 2), and high- (zone 3) disturbance intensities on five different BTS-NP tourism hotspots, including Entrance Wonokitri (EW), Whispering Sand (WS), Parking Temple (PT), Teletubbies Hill (TH), and Entrance Bromo Stairs (EB), on soil properties, including soil compaction represented by soil penetration resistance, and soil infiltration. This study revealed that the higher severity impact of recreational activities on soil compaction was parallel with higher disturbance intensity, particularly in EW and TH. In these particular locations, higher soil compaction is significantly linked to lower soil infiltration, thus needing extra attention and protection. Meanwhile, in WS, PT, and EB, soil infiltration was more controlled by the establishment of a cemented topsoil layer consisting of mixed sand, sulfur, and water. Better management strategies, such as the use of proper trails and road infrastructures, particularly on EW and TH, might be relevant to minimize the impact of recreational activities on these ecologically, economically, and culturally important areas.

Optimizing coffee yields in agroforestry systems using WaNuLCAS model: A case study in Malang, Indonesia Fitra, Ahmad Ali Yuddin; Oakley, Simon; Prayogo, Cahyo; Ratna Sari, Rika; Saputra, Danny Dwi; Ishaq, Rizqi Maulana; Suprayogo, Didik
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 11 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2024.114.6337

Agroforestry systems have significant potential for development in increasing coffee production in Indonesia. Besides providing economic benefits, agroforestry can also have ecological impacts, such as improving soil structure, reducing erosion, and other environmental services. There is a complex interaction between trees, soil, and crops in agroforestry systems, making modeling a valuable approach to unraveling these processes. We utilized the spatial and temporal explicit model WaNuLCAS to (i) evaluate the model's performance in depicting actual events (through coffee production and soil water content), (ii) assess the dynamic processes influencing coffee production and the environmental impact of management patterns, (iii) formulate and simulate optimal scenarios for coffee production optimization. Data from a one-year period involving five agroforestry management patterns for coffee-pine in UB Forest were used as input for the model. The model validation results showed satisfactory and acceptable outcomes for coffee production and groundwater dynamics. WaNuLCAS simulation results indicated that pruning and thinning management are crucial factors in increasing coffee production and are related to creating optimal conditions for coffee plants (light, humidity, and inter-plant competition). Additionally, fertilization management can be combined as a supporting factor to meet the nutritional needs of coffee plants. WaNuLCAS simulation results also suggested that pruning and thinning can improve soil physical properties, but thinning increases surface runoff within the system. This research provides insights into how modeling can be used as a decision-making tool.

FUNGSI GANDA AGROFORESTRI KOPI: KONSERVASI CADANGAN KARBON DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN VEGETASI Sari, Rika Ratna; Ishaq, Rizki Maulana; Purnamasari, Eka; Saputra, Danny Dwi
Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtsl.2025.012.1.16

Coffee agroforestry systems have great potential in optimizing the dual function of carbon and biodiversity conservation, especially in areas with high land use pressure. However, although coffee agroforestry has been widely practiced in Indonesia, the specific relationship pattern between carbon stocks and vegetation biodiversity is still not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate (1) the role of coffee agroforestry in maintaining vegetation diversity and carbon sequestration compared to disturbed forests (HT) and (2) the relationship between carbon stocks and biodiversity at various plant growth stages. Three land use systems were selected such as HT and complex (AFM) and simple (AFS) coffee-based agroforestry systems. The number of trees, species richness (R), Shannon-wiener index (H’), species evenness (E), and carbon stocks were measured in 12 plots (100 m x 20 m) for each vegetation growth stages (seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees). The results showed that the H index in coffee agroforestry was generally low to moderate (0.57-2.05), with the highest diversity in the tree category. The diversity level of AFM could mimic HT. In terms of carbon stock, HT had the highest stock (82±19 Mg ha-1), while total carbon stock showed a positive relationship with H index in all vegetation stages (R2=0,13-0,57). In contrast, the relationship between soil carbon stock and H index tended to be weak (R2=0,10). This study emphasizes the importance of maintaining total carbon stock through diverse vegetation in agroforestri systems to support climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation.

FUNGSI GANDA AGROFORESTRI KOPI: KONSERVASI CADANGAN KARBON DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN VEGETASI Sari, Rika Ratna; Ishaq, Rizki Maulana; Purnamasari, Eka; Saputra, Danny Dwi
Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtsl.2025.012.1.16

Coffee agroforestry systems have great potential in optimizing the dual function of carbon and biodiversity conservation, especially in areas with high land use pressure. However, although coffee agroforestry has been widely practiced in Indonesia, the specific relationship pattern between carbon stocks and vegetation biodiversity is still not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate (1) the role of coffee agroforestry in maintaining vegetation diversity and carbon sequestration compared to disturbed forests (HT) and (2) the relationship between carbon stocks and biodiversity at various plant growth stages. Three land use systems were selected such as HT and complex (AFM) and simple (AFS) coffee-based agroforestry systems. The number of trees, species richness (R), Shannon-wiener index (H’), species evenness (E), and carbon stocks were measured in 12 plots (100 m x 20 m) for each vegetation growth stages (seedlings, saplings, poles, and trees). The results showed that the H index in coffee agroforestry was generally low to moderate (0.57-2.05), with the highest diversity in the tree category. The diversity level of AFM could mimic HT. In terms of carbon stock, HT had the highest stock (82±19 Mg ha-1), while total carbon stock showed a positive relationship with H index in all vegetation stages (R2=0,13-0,57). In contrast, the relationship between soil carbon stock and H index tended to be weak (R2=0,10). This study emphasizes the importance of maintaining total carbon stock through diverse vegetation in agroforestri systems to support climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation.

The Dynamics of Soil Organic Matter Fractions in Cacao-Based Agroforestry Systems Sari, Rika Ratna; Sapulete, Carla Leany; Saputra, Danny Dwi; Hairiah, Kurniatun
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 30, No 2: May 2025
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2025.v30i2.103-112

Soil degradation is an important problem affecting crop production, especially in cocoa agroforestry systems, where soil health is crucial for optimal results. However, the effect of land management on changes in soil organic matter (SOM) content is often not visible through measurements of total soil organic carbon (SOC) content. This study investigates the distribution of soil organic matter fractions across various land-use gradients and soil depths in cacao-based agroforestry landscapes in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil samples were collected from three villages representing different parts of a watershed and subjected to density fractionation to separate light (LF), intermediate (IF), and heavy (HF) fractions. Our results indicate that remnant forests (RF) maintain higher total SOM fractions, followed by cacao-based complex and simple agroforestry (CAF, SAF), particularly in the 0-10 cm soil depth. In contrast, annual crops (CR), exhibit the lowest SOM fractions. Standing litter and decomposition rates significantly influence the LF, while HF shows minimal variation across land-use systems, suggesting long-term stability. The LF also strongly correlates with SOC content, highlighting its responsiveness to recent organic inputs. The findings underscore the importance of diverse litter inputs and tree diversity in enhancing SOM fractions and SOC content in agroforestry systems. The study concludes that complex cacao-based agroforestry systems can effectively mimic natural forest conditions, promoting soil health. These insights provide valuable knowledge for sustainable land management practices to mitigate soil degradation and improve soil quality in cacao production systems.

AGROFORESTRY TO IMPROVE SOIL HEALTH: MICROBIAL BIOMASS NITROGEN (MBN) AS AN INDICATOR Pradani, Avi Qurvanda Putri; Nurfadilah; Sari, Rika Ratna; Danny Dwi Saputra; Hairiah, Kurniatun
Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtsl.2025.012.2.13

Conversion of forests into agricultural land is one of the environmental problems currently being faced, leading to various environmental challenges including the decline in soil health. One effort to improve land management and slow down land degradation is to plant various types of trees and intercrops through an agroforestry system. Agroforestry is considered a viable strategy to gradually create a conducive microclimate for soil biota that can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. The biomass of microorganisms as quantified – Microbial Biomass Nitrogen (MBN) and Microbial Biomass Carbon (MBC) – has been proposed as sensitive indicator of soil change. This research aimed to understand how MBN responds to agroforestation of Imperata grasslands in Solok Regency, West Sumatra (Indonesia). Fields of eight land use types (in three replications each) were sampled in the Juli-August 2024 period. Plot characteristics such as canopy cover were measured, to compare with MBN and MBC for soil at a depth of 0-10 cm. The results showed statistically significant differences in MBN and MBC in various land uses, that match differences in canopy cover and age of agroforestry systems. A 1% increase in canopy cover could increase soil MBN levels with 0.94 mg kg-1 (R2 = 0.90). The C:N ratio for microbial biomass varied in the 2-6 range, with the lowest values for intensively cropped land, and the highest for existing or recently converted Imperata grasslands.

The Dynamics of Soil Organic Matter Fractions in Cacao-Based Agroforestry Systems Sari, Rika Ratna; Sapulete, Carla Leany; Saputra, Danny Dwi; Hairiah, Kurniatun
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 30 No. 2: May 2025
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2025.v30i2.103-112

Soil degradation is an important problem affecting crop production, especially in cocoa agroforestry systems, where soil health is crucial for optimal results. However, the effect of land management on changes in soil organic matter (SOM) content is often not visible through measurements of total soil organic carbon (SOC) content. This study investigates the distribution of soil organic matter fractions across various land-use gradients and soil depths in cacao-based agroforestry landscapes in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil samples were collected from three villages representing different parts of a watershed and subjected to density fractionation to separate light (LF), intermediate (IF), and heavy (HF) fractions. Our results indicate that remnant forests (RF) maintain higher total SOM fractions, followed by cacao-based complex and simple agroforestry (CAF, SAF), particularly in the 0-10 cm soil depth. In contrast, annual crops (CR), exhibit the lowest SOM fractions. Standing litter and decomposition rates significantly influence the LF, while HF shows minimal variation across land-use systems, suggesting long-term stability. The LF also strongly correlates with SOC content, highlighting its responsiveness to recent organic inputs. The findings underscore the importance of diverse litter inputs and tree diversity in enhancing SOM fractions and SOC content in agroforestry systems. The study concludes that complex cacao-based agroforestry systems can effectively mimic natural forest conditions, promoting soil health. These insights provide valuable knowledge for sustainable land management practices to mitigate soil degradation and improve soil quality in cacao production systems.

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