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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection Jurnal Hutan dan Masyarakat BIOMA : Jurnal Biologi Makassar Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Abditani : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Agroplantae: Jurnal Ilmiah Budidaya dan Pengelolaan Tanaman Perkebunan
Andi Nasruddin
Departemen Hama Dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Keparahan Penyakit Blas Pyricularia oryzae dan Analisis Gen Virulensi Menggunakan Metode Sequence Characterized Amplified Region Gilang Kurrata; Tutik Kuswinanti; Andi Nasruddin
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 17 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.17.1.19-27

Abstract

Penyakit blas padi yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Pyricularia oryzae (teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae) merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada pertanaman padi di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Penggunaan varietas tahan merupakan cara penanggulangan penyakit blas yang murah, efisien dan aman dari risiko pencemaran pestisida. Namun ketahanan suatu varietas padi terhadap penyakit blas hanya dapat dimanfaatkan beberapa tahun saja disebabkan oleh kompleksitas patogen yang dengan mudah dapat mematahkan ketahanan varietas terutama bila ketahanan varietas ditentukan oleh hanya satu gen dominan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keparahan penyakit blas dan variasi genetik dari isolat-isolat P. oryzae dari Kabupaten Maros serta hubungan tingkat keparahan penyakit dengan ragam haplotipe yang diperoleh sebagai dasar rekomendasi pengendalian dengan varietas tahan yang sifatnya spesifik lokasi. Pengamatan keparahan penyakit blas menggunakan standard evaluation system for rice dilakukan di 8 lokasi lahan petani di Kabupaten Maros Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Juni sampai September 2019. Analisis keragaman genetik dilakukan menggunakan primer spesifik penyandi gen virulensi (Pwl2, Erg2 dan Cut1). Tingkat keparahan blas tertinggi diamati pada var. Mekongga sebesar 42.12% di Kecamatan Simbang dan 23.33% di Kecamatan Maros Baru. Di Kecamatan Tanralili (var. Inpari-7) dan Kecamatan Mandai (var. Ciherang) tingkat keparahan hanya 7.6% dan 7.88%. Sebanyak 15 isolat P. oryzae diperoleh dari 8 kecamatan di Kabupaten Maros. Analisis keragaman genetik menggunakan 3 primer menunjukkan adanya 5 haplotipe yang berbeda, yaitu haplotipe A-000 (4 isolat), C-011 (3 isolat), D-111 (2 isolat), F-110 (3 isolat) dan G-100 (3 isolat).
Eksplorasi dan Penentuan Ras Penyebab Penyakit Blas Padi di Kabupaten Maros Nur Azizah Salimah; Tutik Kuswinanti; Andi Nasruddin
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 17 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.17.2.41-48

Abstract

Exploration and Determination of Rice Blast Races in Maros Regency Blast disease caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae (Teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae) is one of the most important diseases causing significant yield losses on rice worldwide. The fungus has a high degree of virulence and adaptation as evidenced by the large number of its races. The study was conducted to identify the race of P. oryzae isolates and their distribution in eight sub-districts in Maros Regency. Race identification was determined based on bioassay using seven differential rice varieties, i.e. Asahan, Cisokan, IR 64, Krueng Aceh, Cisadane, Cisanggarung and Kencana Bali varieties. Observation of disease severity followed the Standard Evaluation System for Rice by IRRI. Susceptibility of host plant was assessed based on leaf spot symptom on the scale of 5 to 9. As many as 30 isolates of P. oryzae were found with the distribution as follows, 4 isolates from Bantimurung, 8 isolates from Simbang, 4 isolates from Maros Baru, 3 isolates each from Moncongloe, Tanralili, Tompobulu, Mandai, and 2 isolates from Lau. A total of 17 P. oryzae races were identified, namely race 000, 001, 011, 020, 023, 031, 033, 041, 061, 101, 103, 111, 141, 173, 221, 301 and 373. Race 001 is the dominant race in which it was found at five locations where P. oryzae isolates were collected.
Pengenalan Jenis Kupu-kupu pada Murid SD 129 INPRES Kecamatan Bantimurung, Kabupaten Maros Sulawesi Selatan Sri Nur Aminah Ngatimin; Tamrin Abdullah; Andi Nasruddin; Ahdin Gassa
Jurnal Hutan dan Masyarakat VOLUME 9 NOMOR 1, JULI 2017
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (290.411 KB) | DOI: 10.24259/jhm.v9i1.1975

Abstract

The aim of research is to identification butterflies species at Pattunuang Resort and increased knowledge of Elementary School students about the roles of insects as pollinators and main part of biodiversity in nature. The research as a survey was conducted in Pattunuang Resort and SDN 129 Inpres Bantimurung Regency, Maros District from March to May 2017. The steps of research was:  1) build transect lines for butterflies observation; 2) butterfly identification and counting of their population used Shannon-Wiener Index Biodiversity, then 3) introducing butterflies species to Elementary School students Class Five at SDN 129 Inpres Bantimurung. The result was showed, we find  20 individual butterflies from 6 species of Papilionids (Troides haliphron, T. helena, Papilio demoleus, P. demolion and Graphium agamemnon), also Danaus chrysippus from Nymphalids. Based value of Shannon-Wiener Index, we find very low criteria of butterflies (H < 1). The conclusion : 1) findings of 20 butterflies individual from 6 species (Papilionids and Nymphalids); 2) approximately  57.3% of Elementary School students recognized butterflies species and 3) 28.8% from them as a butterflies wild hunter. Recommendation for the future, we need more collaborative research and development from University and local government increasing introducing butterflies conservation species for Elementary School students around Pattunuang Resort.
Keanekaragaman Hayati Kupu-kupu Berbasis Pelestarian Lingkungan di Taman Nasional Bantimurung-Bulusaraung Sri Nur Aminah Ngatimin; Andi Nasruddin; Ahdin Gassa; Tamrin Abdullah
BIOMA : JURNAL BIOLOGI MAKASSAR Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/bioma.v4i2.6915

Abstract

Taman Nasional Bantimurung-Bulusaraung adalah salah satu habitat kupu-kupu di Sulawesi Selatan. Sejak beberapa tahun yang lalu terjadi penurunan populasi kupu-kupu yang sangat cepat karena kerusakan hutan dan perburuan liar oleh masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah mempelajari habitat dan preferensi kupu-kupu terhadap tumbuhan pakan di Taman Nasional Bantimurung-Bulusaraung. Pelaksanaan kegiatan menggunakan metode survei dengan pemasangan transek berdasarkan habitat kupu-kupu di Taman Nasional Bantimurung-Bulusaraung Kabupaten Maros mulai bulan Juli sampai September 2017. Hasil pengamatan habitat kupu-kupu menunjukkan kupu-kupu paling banyak berada di lapangan terbuka yakni 18 ekor (35.3%), 12 ekor (23.5%) berada di hutan sekunder dan 6 ekor (11.8%) memilih berada dekat aliran air. Berdasarkan fungsi tumbuhan, 3 famili kupu-kupu menunjukkan preferensi terhadap tumbuhan penghasil nektar dan 4 famili kupu-kupu memilih tumbuhan penghasil daun untuk meletakkan telurnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa lapangan terbuka (mating area) dan hutan sekunder merupakan habitat yang paling disukai oleh kupu-kupu untuk perkembangannya. Caesalpinia pulcherrima dan Clerodendron japonicum dapat digunakan sebagai sumber nektar kupu-kupu di Taman Nasional Bantimurung-Bulusaraung. Untuk jangka panjang diperlukan kerjasama antara Perguruan Tinggi, pemerintah daerah dan instansi terkait dalam melakukan pelestarian lingkungan hidup kupu-kupu di Sulawesi Selatan.Kata kunci : Bantimurung, habitat, keanekaragaman hayati, kupu-kupu, tumbuhan pakan
TRANSFER TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA KANGKUNG DARAT RAMAH LINGKUNGAN Sri Nur Aminah Ngatimin; Tamrin Abdullah; Andi Nasruddin; Ahdin Gassa; Fatahuddin Fatahuddin; Nur Ana Sari
Jurnal Abditani Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Oktober
Publisher : FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS ALKHAIRAAT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (211.485 KB) | DOI: 10.31970/abditani.v2i0.28

Abstract

Kangkung darat merupakan salah satu komoditi unggulan di Desa Lonrong, Kabupaten Bantaeng Sulawesi Selatan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat : meningkatkan pengetahuan petani melalui transfer teknologi budidaya tanaman kangkung darat ramah lingkungan menggunakan perangkap kuning. Manfaatnya adalah petani dapat menggunakan limbah plastik sebagai bahan baku perangkap kuning dan mencegah terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan dengan berkurangnya penyemprotan insektisida kimia. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dimulai dengan survei awal untuk melihat kondisi secara langsung. Pada tahap kedua dilakukan kegiatan Pendidikan Masyarakat berupa penyuluhan bertujuan menambah pengetahuan petani melalui transfer teknologi budidaya kangkung darat secara ramah lingkungan. Pada tahap akhir dilaksanakan kunjungan lapangan supaya petani dapat mengadopsi inovasi teknologi yang telah diajarkan. Berdasarkan jawaban petani pada kuesioner saat pre-test, tingkat kepercayaan petani sangat tinggi dalam menggunakan insektisida sintetik untuk mengendalikan serangga hama (100%) dengan alasan aplikasinya mudah dikerjakan, tidak memerlukan waktu yang lama dan hasilnya terlihat nyata. Sebagian besar petani yang menjadi peserta pelatihan tetap akan menyemprot tanamannya walaupun belum terlihat adanya serangga hama (83.3%) sedangkan sisanya (16.6%) menyemprot saat terlihat serangga. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang telah dilaksanakan berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani untuk mengelola tanaman kangkung darat secara ramah lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan perangkap kuning. Diperlukan peran PPL dan instansi terkait secara lebih intensif melaksanakan kegiatan penyuluhan untuk menambah pengetahuan petani.
KEANEKARAGAMAN CENDAWAN RIZOSFER PADA TANAMAN TALAS SATOIMO Eka Wisdawati; Tutik Kuswinanti; Ade Rosmana; Andi Nasruddin
Agroplantae: Jurnal Ilmiah Terapan Budidaya dan Pengelolaan Tanaman Pertanian dan Perkebunan Vol 8 No 2 (2019): Agroplantae: Jurnal Ilmiah Terapan Budidaya dan Pengelolaan Tanaman Pertanian dan
Publisher : Jurusan Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (197.197 KB) | DOI: 10.51978/agro.v8i2.86

Abstract

Rhizosphere is an ideal zone for microorganisms to grow and develop abundantly that influenced by plant roots exudates. Soil microorganisms have a symbiotic mutualism interaction with plants and their interaction influenced the availability of organic soil compound. Therefore, there is a need to investigate and analyze the diversity of fungi at the rhizosphere of economically important food crop like shutterstock taro potato (Satoimo). The study was conducted through several steps as follows: collection of soil samples, dilution of soil samples and isolation of fungi, identification and analyzing of variability of the isolates. The results showed that Satoimo rhizosphere had a diversity index 2.85 which was categorized as a modest index. This result indicated the stability of the fungi community at the Satoimo rhizosphere and its diversity as modest category. The diversity of the microorganisms for each soil sample indicate its organic compounds and as an important factor that determine quality and soil healthy status. Keywords: diversity, rhizosphere, fungi, organic matter
Potential damages, seasonal abundance and distribution of Empoasca terminalis Distant (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on soybean in South Sulawesi Nasruddin, Andi; Fattah, Abdul; Baco, Muhammad Said; Said, Ahwiyah Ekawati
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.2.93

Abstract

Plant damages caused by leafhopper, Empoasca terminalis Distant (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on soybean were first encountered in 2007 in Makassar, South Sulawesi. The insect has been constantly associated with soybean crops in the province ever since. The purposes of the present study were to (i) evaluate potential yield loss attributable to the leafhopper in an experimental set up, (ii) seasonal abundance of E. terminalis, and (iii) distribution of E. terminalis in all major soybean-producing areas in the province. Potential yield loss due to the leafhopper was assessed in a field experiment using two large plots. One of the plots was kept leafhopper-free by weekly insecticide sprays; and the other plot was left unsprayed to allow leafhopper infestation to occur. Adult abundance was weekly monitored using a sweep net throughout the season. Nymph abundance was determined by direct count on the plant leaves. Leafhopper distribution was assessed through surveys conducted in all major soybean-producing areas in South Sulawesi, from 2009–2013. The results of the study showed that E. terminalis caused an average yield loss of 26% on susceptible crops without insecticide use. First leafhopper infestation in all planting seasons occurred two weeks after the plant emergence. Rainfall negatively correlated with the leafhopper abundance. The leafhopper existed in all major soybean production areas in the province. Therefore, our results confirmed the status of E. terminalis as an important soybean pest in the region. In addition, crops planted early in the dry season could escape from heavy leafhopper infestation.
Formulation of Fungi for Cocoa Pod Waste Decomposition and Cocoa Pod Rot Control (Phytopthora palmivora Butl.) Kuswinanti, Tutik; Brugman, Eirene; Putri, Nur Annisa; Nurhidayaha, Andi; Nasruddin, Andi
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i1.51387

Abstract

The development of cocoa in Indonesia was followed by an increase in cocoa waste in the form of fruit skins as much as 75% of fruit skins. The purpose of this study was to determine the formulation of fungi (Trichoderma harzianum and Pleurotus ostreatus)and methods of composting cocoa fruit skin waste as well as analysis of the quality of the compost produced.  The research was conducted at Bontomanai village, Bungayya sub-district, and Gowa district which all have composting facilities on February to June 2023 . The quality testing of compost and counting the amount of Phytophtora palmivora spores in cocoa pod husk compost was carried out in the Plant Disease Laboratory, Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University. This study consisted of three activities, there were producing compost, checking the quality and maturity of the compost, and measuring the amount of P. palmivora spores in the cocoa pod husk compost. This study included six treatments, notably P0: without Bioactivator, open pile, P1: T. harzianum, open pile, P2: P. ostreatus, open pile, P3: T. harzianum + P. ostreatus, open pile, P4: T. harzianum + P. ostreatus, open pile P4: without Bioactivator, close pile, P5: T. harzianum, close pile, P6: P. ostreatus, close pile, P7: T. harzianum + P. ostreatus close pile. Based on the compost maturity test and nutritional content analysis of cocoa waste, it can be seen that the most effective treatment in composting cocoa pod shells was the T. harzianum + P. ostreatus in open pile treatment, the highest levels of P2O5 and K2O but lowest levels of C/N.  Composting process had also reduced the amount of P. palmivora in cocoa pod husk waste.
POLA FLUKTUASI POPULASI WERENG HIJAU (Nephotettix virescens Distant) DAN KEBERADAAN PENYAKIT TUNGRO DI SULAWESI SELATAN Nur Rosida; Tutik Kuswinanti; Andi Nasruddin
Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Vol 12, No 1 (2024): JURNAL AGROTEK TROPIKA VOL 12, Februari 2024
Publisher : Departement of Agrotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jat.v12i1.7211

Abstract

Penyakit tungro merupakan salah satu penyakit penting tanaman padi yang disebarkan secara semi-persisten oleh vektor wereng hijau (Nephotettix virescens Distant) dan disebabkan oleh dua macam virus, yaitu rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) dan rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV).  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola fluktuasi populasi vektor dan keberadaan penyakit tungro di Sulawesi Selatan.  Dilaksanakan di lahan petani (Pinrang, Sidrap, Gowa dan Maros) dan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Biokimia Balai Besar Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Bogor, sejak bulan Januari 2019 sampai Maret 2020. Survei populasi vektor dan insiden tungro dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dan sistematic sampling.  Vektor tungro dikumpulkan dengan sweep net sebanyak 20 kali ayunan kemudian dihitung populasinya di masing-masing lokasi, sedangkan persentase kejadian tungro ditentukan dengan cara menghitung jumlah tanaman bergejala tungro dibagi total tanaman yang diamati per areal pengamatan dikali 100%. Keberadaan RTBV dan RTSV dideteksi dengan metode PCR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi wereng hijau (0 – 23 ekor/20 ayunan) dan persentase insiden tungro (0,01-0,13%) di Pinrang, Sidrap, Gowa dan Maros tergolong rendah.  Dibandingkan tahun-tahun sebelumnya, pola fluktuasi populasi vektor tungro cenderung berubah. Puncak populasi vektor di Pinrang dan Sidrap terjadi pada pertengahan Februari dan awal Agustus sedangkan di Gowa dan Maros terjadi pada akhir Februari dan akhir Juni.  Persentase kejadian tungro berbanding lurus dengan fluktuasi populasi vektornya.  Dari 40 sampel tanaman padi yang dikumpulkan dari empat kabupaten  di Sulawesi Selatan  hanya 4 sampel yang positif RTBV dan tidak ada sampel yang positif RTSV.
Potential damages, seasonal abundance and distribution of Empoasca terminalis Distant (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on soybean in South Sulawesi Nasruddin, Andi; Fattah, Abdul; Baco, Muhammad Said; Said, Ahwiyah Ekawati
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2014): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (724.399 KB) | DOI: 10.5994/jei.11.2.93

Abstract

Plant damages caused by leafhopper, Empoasca terminalis Distant (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) on soybean were first encountered in 2007 in Makassar, South Sulawesi. The insect has been constantly associated with soybean crops in the province ever since. The purposes of the present study were to (i) evaluate potential yield loss attributable to the leafhopper in an experimental set up, (ii) seasonal abundance of E. terminalis, and (iii) distribution of E. terminalis in all major soybean-producing areas in the province. Potential yield loss due to the leafhopper was assessed in a field experiment using two large plots. One of the plots was kept leafhopper-free by weekly insecticide sprays; and the other plot was left unsprayed to allow leafhopper infestation to occur. Adult abundance was weekly monitored using a sweep net throughout the season. Nymph abundance was determined by direct count on the plant leaves. Leafhopper distribution was assessed through surveys conducted in all major soybean-producing areas in South Sulawesi, from 2009–2013. The results of the study showed that E. terminalis caused an average yield loss of 26% on susceptible crops without insecticide use. First leafhopper infestation in all planting seasons occurred two weeks after the plant emergence. Rainfall negatively correlated with the leafhopper abundance. The leafhopper existed in all major soybean production areas in the province. Therefore, our results confirmed the status of E. terminalis as an important soybean pest in the region. In addition, crops planted early in the dry season could escape from heavy leafhopper infestation.
Co-Authors Abdul Fattah Abdul Fattah Ade Rosmana Ahwiyah Ekawati Said Brugman, Eirene Eka Wisdawati Fatahuddin Fatahuddin Gassa, Ahdin Gilang Kurrata Muhammad Said Baco Nur Ana Sari Nur Azizah Salimah Nur Rosida Nurhidayaha, Andi Putri, Nur Annisa Sri Nur Aminah Ngatimin Sri Nur Aminah Ngatimin TAMRIN ABDULLAH Tutik Kuswinanti