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Journal : Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS)

Density of Dermatophagoides spp. and Its Relationship with House-dust Mite Specific Serum IgE in Persistent Asthma Annisa Mulia Anasis; Anna Rozaliyani; Heri Wibowo
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3146.909 KB) | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v4i2.92

Abstract

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the bronchial tree that emerges as a response to exogenous factors, such as allergens, irritants, and infections. Some asthmatic patients had been reported having symptoms of asthma due to house-dust mites (HDM) allergen exposure. It is associated with immune responses which were increased in the form of specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) production against HDM allergens. This case-control study aimed to determine the HDM profiles in persistent asthmatic patients, including density of mites, as well as its relationship with specific IgE anti-HDM serum levels.Materials and Methods: A total of 13 patients with persistent asthma and 12 control patients had their specific anti-HDM IgE levels examined using Immulite 2000 xpi. The house dust samples were taken and analyzed with the Fain method.Results: The results have shown that 69% of patients in the persistent asthma group and 25% of normal patients were positive for IgE anti-HDM. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is a predominant species with a total of 120 mites (83.9%) of 143 mites. Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between IgE anti-HDM levels within the serums of patients and the density of mites in the dust obtained from bedroom spaces (Spearmen Rho, R=0.35, p=0.04).Conclusion: Positive IgE anti-HDM patients in the persistent asthma group were higher (69%) than those in the clinically normal group (25%). The density of mites were dominated by D. Pteronyssinus. The bedroom-dust mites density revealed a positive correlation with serum IgE anti-HDM levels in persistent asthma patients.Keywords: asthma, density, Dermatophagoides spp.,IgE
Impaired Function of Regulatory T Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rona Kartika; Heri Wibowo
Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences Vol 4, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Cell and BioPharmaceutical Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1786.379 KB) | DOI: 10.21705/mcbs.v4i1.64

Abstract

Pathogenesis of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is often associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. This kind of inflammation is characterized by an increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β. From an immunological point of view, an inflammatory response is always followed by an anti-inflammatory response as negative feedback to avoid excessive tissue damages. Regulatory T cells are a subset of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells that have the function to maintain peripheral tolerance and suppress immune response. This review would discuss the impaired function of regulatory T cells in type 2 DM. DM is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia due to a defect of insulin secretion or a combination of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Chronic low-grade inflammation has been known as a key factor in the development of insulin resistance. Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) action through contact and non-contact inhibition could suppress inflammatory response in innate and adaptive immune systems. In type 2 DM, the proportion and function of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell decreases due to the reduced number of Treg cells and the Treg cells depletion contributes to metabolic conditions such as insulin resistance. Moreover, Treg cells are more susceptible to apoptosis, the ability of Treg cells to produce anti-inflammatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and IL-10 decreases, and there is an imbalance between the proportion of Th1/Th17 cells and Treg cells. This inadequate anti-inflammatory response gives rise to the chronic low-grade inflammatory condition in type 2 DM.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammation, regulatory T cell