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Pestisida Organoklorin dalam Air dari Daerah Jabodetabek: Studi Pada Daerah Padat Penduduk Shoiful, Ahmad; Nugroho, Rudi; Fujita, Hiroyuki; Honda, Katsuhisa
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2015): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (463.543 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v8i2.2374

Abstract

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in waters from five sampling point in Jabodetabek area have been determined using HRGC-HRMS. A total of 21 OCPs have been analyzed, however only few of OCPs were detected. Among HCH isomers, only -HCH and lindane (-HCH) were detected with concentration in the range of ND-0,25 ng/L and 0,083 – 0,82 ng/L, respectively. Interesting result was found, where HCB was detected in relatively high in water of Ciliwung river, Pluit Jakarta with concentration of 688,28 ng/L. HCB is a compound which is not only intentionally produced as pesticide, but also unintentionally produced from industrial by-product. Therefore, contamination of the river water may come from industrial processes which are located near sampling point. If compared with river water quality criteria of PP No.82 Tahun 2001, it results were below the standard of river water quality Class I. Keywords : organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), waters, Indonesia, industrial by-products.
KINETIKA PROSES AOPs UNTUK PENGHILANGAN WARNA AIR LIMBAH PRODUKSI BATIK Nugroho, Rudi; Mahmud, Ikbal
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 3 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (137.944 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i3.2356

Abstract

An experiment of Advanced Oxydation Processes (AOPs) was conducted in semi-pilot scale using ozon and hydrogen peroxide. The reaction of ozon and hydrogen peroxide  produce an active hydroxil which can crack a long-chain organic compounds such as azo dyes. A wastewater contains colour substances coming from batik industries in Jababeka was treated by AOPs. The reaction rate was affected by ozon concentration supplied to the wastewater. The more ozon concentration, the colour removal became faster.The colour removal using AOPs could be illustrated by first-order chemical reaction equation.The constant of reaction was calculated from experiment as high as 0,38 per hour.The cost for treating the wastewater using AOPs was  Rp.3.656,- for one cubic meter of wastewater. Key words:  AOPs, Colour Removal, Hydrogen Peroxide, Ozon,
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOTROPHIC DENITRIFICATION FOR NITRATE-CONTAMINATED INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (346.981 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i2.2333

Abstract

An autotrophic denitrification system was developed for treatment wastewater from steel industry. The aim was to evaluate the kinetics and capability of the system in reducing nitrate content in such industrial wastewater. The experiments were conducted in batch suspension and continuous runs. The denitrification kinetics in suspension runs obeys first order reaction with the rate constant k1 and k2 were determined to be 0.014 and 0.004 g-N/m3.d, respectively. The continuous runs used a column packed with mixture of granular sulfur and limestone. The microbes of Thiobacillus denitrificans were attached on the surface of granular sulfur in the form of biofilm. The biofilm thickness was investigated to be approximately 40 μm. The denitrification kinetics in the packed column obeys half-order reaction with the rate constant k of 0.172 g-N1/2.m1/2/(kg-S.d). The lower denitrification extent of industrial wastewater compared with the synthetic wastewater might be due to the lack of alkalinity. Keywords: Autotrophic denitrification, sulfur, packed column, thiobacillus denitrificans.
APLIKASI IPAL BIOFILTER PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI MAKANAN (KAPASITAS 75 M3/HARI) Indriatmoko, Robertus Haryoto; Ikbal, Ikbal; Nugroho, Rudi; Setiyono, Setiyono
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1035.234 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v10i2.3763

Abstract

Air limbah industri makanan berkontribusi signifikan terhadap pencemaran lingkungan. Air limbah, terutama dari mencuci bahan baku, kegiatan memasak dan mencuci peralatan produksi. Polutan utama dalam air limbah adalah senyawa organik seperti karbohidrat, minyak, lemak, dan protein. PT. EBI adalah salah satu produsen makanan cepat saji, yang berlokasi di Ciracas, Jarkata Timur. Untuk mengolah air limbah mereka, pada awalnya PT. EBI menggunakan WWTP Lumpur Aktif. Semakin meningkat kegiatan produksinya, jumlah air limbah yang dihasilkan juga bertambah. Akibatnya, IPAL yang ada tidak dapat mengolah air limbah, ditandai dengan penurunan kualitas produk yang diproses IPAL. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, PT. EBI melakukan renovasi IPAL, yaitu mengganti IPAL Lumpur Aktif dengan IPA Biofiler. Inovasi ini memberikan hasil yang sangat positif. Kualitas produk olahan WWTP jauh lebih baik dan Standar Kualitas selalu terpenuhi. Hasil WWTP baru, konsentrasi polutan TSS menurun dari 340 mg / l menjadi 20 mg / l atau efisiensi pengobatan mencapai 94%, konsentrasi KMnO4 menurun dari 883 mg / l menjadi 50 mg / l (efisiensi, 94%), konsentrasi COD turun dari 1.654 mg / l menjadi 75 mg / l (efisiensi, 95%) dan konsentrasi BOD5 turun dari 392 mg / l menjadi 35 mg / l (efisiensi, 91%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa IPAL Biofilter juga sangat efektif digunakan untuk mengolah air limbah industri makanan.Kata kunci: Air limbah indutri makanan, instalasi pengolahan air limbah, biofilter, Baku Mutu Air Limbah
KONSENTRASI POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS) DAN POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS/POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS (PCDDS/FS) DALAM AIR DARI DAERAH PERKOTAAN JABODETABEK Shoiful, Ahmad; Nugroho, Rudi; Fujita, Hiroyuki; Honda, Katsuhisa
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2014): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (474.472 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v7i1.2389

Abstract

Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) in water samples from Jabodetabek urban area was conducted. In the results, a unique pattern were found interestingly in Ciliwung river, Pluit, Jakarta, where decachlorinated biphenyl (PCB IUPAC #209), and dichlorinated biphenyl (PCB IUPAC #11) were detected at relatively high concentrations as 406.77 ng/L and 6.38 ng/L, respectively. This congener pattern is different with commercial PCB mixtures, such as arochlor, kanechlor, or chlophen. Octachlorinated dibenzo-p-furan (OCDF) was also detected at a significant concentration in this water as 3.10 ng/L. Decachlorinated biphenyl (PCB IUPAC #209) and OCDF were associated with industrial by-products. Meanwhile, dichlorinated biphenyl (PCB IUPAC #11) was associated with colour pigment which widely used in consumer goods, such as paint and printed ink. Thus, PCBs and PCDD/Fs contamination might have arisen from industrial by-products where various industries located near sampling point. Keywords: polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzodioxins /polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDDs/Fs), waters, Jabodetabek, industrial by-products.
DENITRIFIKASI LIMBAH NITRAT PADA BERBAGAI TINGKAT KEASAMAN DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN MIKROBA AUTOTROPH Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (71.236 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i1.2284

Abstract

A biological denitrification using autotrophic bacteria in batch suspension runs was investigated to clarify the effect of pH on denitrification rate. Elemental sulfur was employed as an electron donor. The culture of autotrophic bacteria was obtained from activated sludge by acclimatization. The effect of pH on denitrification rate could be expressed by bell-shape equation with optimum pH of 7,07. However at a pH range of 5,5 to 8,0, the denitrification rate significantly fastl. Therefore, the application of the denitrification of wastewater using autotrophic bacteria is suggested running well although without controlling pH.  Kata kunci : Denitrification, nitrate, autotrophic bacteria, elemental sulfur, pH.
PEMANFAATAN MIKROBA AUTOTROPH DALAM PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH NITRAT KONSENTRASI TINGGI Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 3 (2003): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (441.148 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v4i3.281

Abstract

The treatment of wastewater containing high concentration of nitrate and lowconcentration of BOD using autotrophic bacteria were conducted in batchsuspension experiment to investigate nitrate concentration level which can betreated by the bacteria. The autotrophic bacteria were enriched by acclimatingactivated sludge with inorganic substrates. The experimental result shows thatdenitrification reaction with initial nitrate concentration in synthetic wastewater from 200 to 850 mg/l proceeded according to the one-order reaction. The denitrification rate increased with increasing the initial nitrate concentration. Sulfate was detected as the by product of the denitrification reaction. The sulfate produced for 1 mmol of nitrate decreased was 1.09 mmol.
Uji Kinerja Instalasi Daur Ulang Air Limbah Industri Kaleng di Jakarta Yudo, Satmoko; Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (650.368 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v20i2.3413

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe need for clean water consumption continues to increase in line with the current population and industry growth. The canned industry is one of the industries that consume a considerable amount of water for the production process, while the availability of clean water sources is very limited, both in quantity and quality. One alternative solution to the problem above is by building a wastewater treatment plant into reusable water (recycling) to meet the needs of the washing process in the industry. This paper discusses the testing of wastewater recycling installations into clean water in a canned industry in Jakarta. The process of recycling wastewater is divided into several stages, namely chemical processes for pH control, biological processes of activated sludge, biofilter, and filtration. Afterward, the wastewater is filtered using a reverse osmosis membrane. The test results show that the water quality of recycling wastewater and filtered wastewater using RO membranes could produce pure water quality. The use of water for the process in the canned industry is large enough for canned washing processes. Therefore, by using the recycling technology, the use of water, especially for the washing process, can be saved up to 100%.Keyword : wastewater reuse, reverse osmosis, can industriesABSTRAKKebutuhan akan konsumsi air bersih terus meningkat sejalan dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan industri saat ini. Industri kaleng merupakan salah satu industri yang mengkomsumsi air dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak untuk proses produksi, sedangkan  ketersediaan sumber air bersih sangat terbatas, baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas. Salah satu alternatif solusi permasalahan di atas yaitu dengan membangun instalasi pengolahan air limbah menjadi air yang dapat digunakan kembali (daur ulang) guna memenuhi kebutuhan proses pencucian di industrinya. Makalah ini membahas tentang pengujian instalasi daur ulang air limbah menjadi air bersih di salah satu industri kaleng di Jakarta. Proses pengolahan daur ulang air limbah terbagi dalam beberapa tahap yaitu proses pengolahan air limbah produksi dengan proses kimia untuk kontrol pH, proses biologis lumpur aktif dan biofilter serta filtrasi. Kemudian berikutnya dengan proses filtrasi menggunakan membran reverse osmosis. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air pengolahan daur ulang air limbah dan penyaringan dengan menggunakan membran RO menghasilkan kualitas air yang murni. Pemakaian air untuk proses di industri kaleng yang cukup besar adalah untuk proses pencucian kaleng. Sehingga dengan adanya teknologi daur ulang, maka pemakaian air khususnya untuk proses pencucian dapat dihemat sampai 100%.Kata kunci : Daur ulang air limbah, reverse osmosis, industri kaleng
PERBAIKAN KUALITAS AIR BAKU PERUSAHAAN AIR MINUM (PAM) DENGAN BIOFILTRASI Nugroho, Rudi; Said, Nusa Idaman
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 12 No. 2 (2011)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (340.92 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v12i2.1244

Abstract

A study to improve the raw water quality at Taman Kota Drinking Water Company was conducted by using pilot plant of biofiltration system. The pilot plant was run by pumpingthe raw water from river to the reactor continuously with various Hydraulic Retention Time. Samples of raw water and treated water were taken daily and analyzed for pH,Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Organic matter, Ammonia nitrogen and Detergent (MBAS). The results showed that performance of biofiltration system decreaed due to shortening Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT). The longer HRT caused bigger volume of biofiltration tank. Therefore, this study suggests that the optimum Hydraulics retention time is 1 hr. In this HRT, the treated water quality were 7.2 for pH, 40 mg/l for TSS, 10,7 mg/l for organic matter, 0.35 mg/l for ammonia nitrogen and 0.1 mg/l for MBAS. These resultscomply with the Regulation No. 582 year 1995 for raw drinking water quality (class B).
KAJIAN KELAYAKAN EKONOMI RENCANA PEMBANGUNAN INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH (IPAL) DOMESTIK KOMUNAL SISTEM UASB-DHS DI KOTA BOGOR Nugroho, Rudi; Rifai, Agus
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 13 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2348.49 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v13i3.1396

Abstract

Air limbah rumah tangga merupakan salah satu potensi sumber pencemaran lingkungan . Berdasarkan Laporan JICA , 1995 pencemaran lingkungan di Jabodetabek adalah 80 % disebabkan oleh air limbah rumah tangga . Untuk meminimalkan pencemaran lingkungan, air limbah harus diperlakukan sebelum dibuang ke sungai . Masalah yang sering muncul dalam pengelolaan limbah domestik adalah luas lahan terbatas dan dana yang ada untuk membangun fasilitas pengolahan air limbah dan juga biaya operasional yang tinggi . Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, perlu pengembangan biaya rendah teknologi pengolahan air limbah dengan efisiensi penyisihan yang tinggi , mudah dioperasikan dan juga harus kompak . Sebuah teknologi kombinasi Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ( UASB ) dan aliran bawah Hanging Sponge ( DHS ) merupakan pengolahan air limbah ekonomi , mudah dioperasikan dan memiliki efisiensi penyisihan tinggi yaitu 98 % untuk BOD dan 99,8 % untuk bakteri . Namun, untuk membangun fasilitas pengolahan air limbah dengan menggunakan UASB dan teknologi DHS , perlu studi kelayakan . Makalah ini menjelaskan studi kelayakan ekonomi dan sosial dari penerapan teknologi pengolahan air limbah UASB dan DHS di Kota Bogor . Dengan perhitungan manfaat dan rasio biaya ( BCR ) , hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa BCR 2.13 . Ini berarti proyek pengolahan air limbah UASB dan DHS di Kota Bogor adalah layak. Kata kunci : air limbah rumah tangga , anaerobik selimut lumpur, studi sosial ekonom  AbstractDomestic wastewater is one of the potential sources of environment pollution. Based on the JICA Report, 1995 the environmental pollution in Jabodetabek was 80% caused by the domestic wastewater. To minimize the environmental pollution, the wastewater have to be treated before discharge to river. Problem which often emerge in management of domestic waste is the limited land area and existing fund to built a wastewater treatment facility and also the high operating cost. To overcome these problems, it needs development of low cost wastewater treatment technology with high removal efficiency, easy to operate and also should be compact. A combination technology of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) and Downflow Hanging Sponge (DHS) represents an economic wastewater treatment, easy to operate and has high removal efficiency that is 98% for BOD and 99,8% for bacterium. However, to build the wastewater treatment facility by using the UASB and DHS technology, it needs a feasibility study. This paper explains an economic and social feasibility study of application the UASB and DHS wastewater treatment technology at Bogor City. By the calculation of benefit and cost ratio (BCR), the result shows that the BCR is 2.13. It means the UASB and DHS wastewater treatment project at Bogor City was feasible.