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All Journal JURNAL AIR INDONESIA JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan JURNAL TEKNIK Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan
Rudi Nugroho
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Studi Karakterisasi Sampah Landfill dan Potensi Pemanfaatannya (Studi Kasus di TPA Sukawinatan dan Bantargebang) Wahyono, Sri; Sahwan, Firman Laili; Suryanto, Feddy; Febriyanto, Irhan; Nugroho, Rudi; Hanif, Muhammad
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (554.738 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v20i2.3335

Abstract

ABSTRACTLandfills contain materials that can be recovered to be recycled or used as an energy source. The purpose of this study is to conduct waste characterization that has long been buried in landfill which includes analysis of composition, proximate analysis, and ultimate analysis. Then the waste is analyzed for its use as recycled material and energy sources. The study was conducted at the Sukawinatan landfill (Palembang) and the Bantargebang landfill (Bekasi). Sampling was carried out on garbage that had been buried in landfills by digging at depths of up to 5 m using an excavator. Furthermore, the samples are dried in the sun, sifted with rotary screen, and sorted manually. Some samples were taken by quartering to be analyzed in the laboratory. The results of the research and analysis showed that (i) landfill waste was dominated by compost material (31-47%) and plastic combustible material (32-43%) and nonplastic combustible material (32-43%); (ii) shaped material such as compost has the potential as a substitute for landfill cover and as soil conditioner; (iii) potentially recycled materials such as plastic waste need intensive sorting and cleaning; (iv) landfills excavated waste can be potentially used as an energy source or refuse-derifed fuels (RDF) with a heating value between 7.31-15.61 MJ / kg; (v) landfills excavated waste has the potential to be used as fuel for incinerators; (vi) utilization of landfill waste for the cement industry still faces several obstacles such as high chlorine content and water content.Keywords: landfill, waste characterization, composition, proximate, ultimate ABSTRAKTPA mengandung material yang dapat diambil untuk didaur ulang atau dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan karakterisasi sampah yang telah lama tertimbun di TPA yang  meliputi analisis komposisi, analisis proksimat, dan analisis ultimat. Kemudian sampah tersebut dilakukan analisis pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan daur ulang dan sumber energi. Penelitian dilakukan di TPA Sukawinatan (Palembang) dan di TPA Bantargebang (Bekasi). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan terhadap sampah yang sudah tertimbun di landfill dengan cara menggali pada kedalaman hingga 5 m menggunakan excavator. Selanjutnya sampel dijemur, diayak dengan penyaring berputar (rotary screen), dan dipilah secara manual. Sebagian  sampel diambil dengan metode perempatan (quartering) untuk kemudian dianalisa di laboratorium. Hasil dari penelitian dan analisisnya memperlihatkan bahwa (i) sampah galian TPA didominasi oleh material kompos (31-47%) dan material combustible plastik (32-43%) serta combustible nonplastik (32-43%); (ii) material berbentuk seperti kompos memiliki potensi sebagai pengganti soil cover TPA dan sebagai material pembenah tanah (soil conditioner); (iii) material yang potensial didaur ulang seperti sampah plastik perlu pemilahan dan pembersihan yang intensif; (iv) sampah galian TPA potensial dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi atau RDF (refuse-derifed fuels) dengan nilai kalor antara 7,31-15,61 MJ/kg; (v) sampah galian TPA berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan bakar insinerator PLTSa; (vi) pemanfaatan sampah galian TPA untuk industri semen masih menghadapi beberapa kendala seperti tingginya kandungan klorin dan kadar air.Kata kunci: landfill, karakterisasi sampah, komposisi, proksimat, ultimat
UJI KAPASITAS ABSORPSI AIR OLEH SELULOSA DARI TANDAN SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER (SAP) PADA POPOK SEKALI PAKAI Dewanti, Dian Purwitasari; Ma'rufatin, Anies; Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan Vol 12, No 2 (2019): JURNAL REKAYASA LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : BPPT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (661.211 KB)

Abstract

Selulosa tandan kosong kelapa sawit merupakan bahan yang potensial untuk dijadikan produk lain yang bernilai yang salah satunya adalah super absorbent polymer (SAP). Keunggulannya dibandingkan dengan selulosa sintetik karena mudah didapat dan mudah terurai secara alami oleh lingkungan. Penggunaan selulosa sebagai bahan SAP diarahkan untuk diaplikasikan pada popok sekali pakai. Hal ini karena permintaan terhadap popok sekali pakai sudah sangat besar dan menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan karena limbah habis pakainya. Sehingga, tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji kemampuan penyerapan air oleh selulosa dan dibandingkan dengan SAP yang sudah diaplikasikan pada popok sekali pakai. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah selulosa yang diekstraksi dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan serat dalam popok sekali pakai. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan proses pemurnian dalam larutan NaOH dan dilanjutkan dengan pemutihan menggunakan H2O2. Selulosa kering yang didapat selanjutnya diuji penyerapannya terhadap air. SAP dalam popok sekali pakai juga mengalami perlakuan sama untuk mengetahui kemampuan penyerapannya. Dari hasil pengujian, didapatkan bahwa selama 4 jam, selulosa mampu menyerap air sebanyak 7 kali berat selulosa awal. Sedangkan untuk SAP memiliki kemampuan penyerapan hingga 200 kali berat asal. Diharapkan dipenelitian berikutnya bisa dilakukan proses polimerisasi selulosa menjadi SAP sehingga bisa menggantikan SAP sintesis. Kata kunci : SAP, selulosa, popok sekali pakai, tandan kelapa sawit, polimerisasi 
Teknologi Hidrotermal Sebagai Solusi Cepat Pengolahan Sampah Organik Menjadi Pupuk Dewanti, Dian Purwitasari; Wiharja, Wiharja; Hanif, Muhammad; Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (335.655 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v21i2.3512

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hydrothermal technology is a promising new technology that can turn organic waste into value-added, eco-friendly, and sustainable products. In this research, the hydrothermal reactor's performance for treating the food wastes into solid and liquid fertilizer was investigated. Hydrothermal reactor with SS 316 steel material with a maximum capacity of 100 kg per batch is equipped with a cooling water jacket. Raw vegetable wastes and water with a ratio of 1:1 were added into a mixing container. The waste slurry was transferred through the pump into the reactor. The hydrothermal process is carried out at a pressure of 5 bar or a temperature of around 160 °C for 30 and 60 min. The results showed that the hydrothermal process treated the vegetable waste at 120 minutes at a temperature of 160 °C and 5 bar pressure. Solid products showed a higher C/N ratio and N + P2O5 + K2O content in the process of 30 minutes compared to 60 minutes, which were 12.42 and 5.36, respectively. In comparison, liquid products showed higher results in the 30-minute process than 60-minutes process with the amount of N + P2O5 + K2O and C-organic, respectively 2.23 and 0.31. This result indicated that the hydrothermal process is proven to be able to treat the organic waste into a relatively fast and eco-friendly compost. In the future, it is expected that the big-scale of hydrothermal processes can be an alternative technology in processing  wastes in Indonesia. Keywords: hydrothermal, fertilizer, municipal solid waste, vegetables wastes, eco-friendly technology ABSTRACT Teknologi hidrotermal adalah teknologi baru yang menjanjikan yang dapat mengubah sampah organik menjadi produk yang bermanfaat, ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan. Dalam riset ini, unjuk kinerja reaktor hidrotermal untuk mengolah sampah sisa sayuran menjadi pupuk padat dan cair diinvestigasi. Reaktor hidrotermal dengan material baja SS 316 berkapasitas 100 kg per batch dilengkapi dengan dinding air pendingin. Bahan baku sisa sayuran dimasukkan dalam tangki pencampur dengan ditambahkan air pada jumlah yang sama. Setelah berbentuk seperti bubur kasar, sampah dipindahkan melalu pompa ke dalam reaktor. Proses hidrotermal dilakukan pada tekanan 5 bar atau suhu sekitar 160 °C dengan waktu 30 dan 60 menit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa proses hidrotermal dengan bahan baku sampah sisa sayuran memerlukan total waktu 120 menit pada temperatur 160 °C dan tekanan 5 bar. Produk padat menunjukkan rasio C/N dan kandungan N + P2O5 + K2O yang lebih tinggi pada proses yang berlangsung 30 menit dibandingkan dengan 60 menit yaitu 12,42 dan 5,36 berturut turut. Produk cair menunjukkan hasil yang lebih tinggi pada proses 30 menit dibandingkan 60 menit dengan jumlah N+P2O5+K2O dan C-organik masing-masing sebesar 2,23 dan 0,31. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa proses hidrotermal terbukti dapat mengolah sampah organik menjadi kompos dalam waktu yang relatif cepat dan ramah lingkungan. Kedepan, diharapkan proses hidrotermal pada skala komersial dapat menjadi teknologi alternatif dalam mengolah sampah di Indonesia. Kata kunci: hidrotermal, pupuk, sampah, sisa sayuran, teknologi ramah lingkungan
DENITRIFIKASI LIMBAH NITRAT PADA BERBAGAI TINGKAT KEASAMAN DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN MIKROBA AUTOTROPH Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i1.2284

Abstract

A biological denitrification using autotrophic bacteria in batch suspension runs was investigated to clarify the effect of pH on denitrification rate. Elemental sulfur was employed as an electron donor. The culture of autotrophic bacteria was obtained from activated sludge by acclimatization. The effect of pH on denitrification rate could be expressed by bell-shape equation with optimum pH of 7,07. However at a pH range of 5,5 to 8,0, the denitrification rate significantly fastl. Therefore, the application of the denitrification of wastewater using autotrophic bacteria is suggested running well although without controlling pH.  Kata kunci : Denitrification, nitrate, autotrophic bacteria, elemental sulfur, pH.
EFFECT OF NITRITE ON DENITRIFICATION OF WASTEWATER BY AUTOTROPHIC BACTERIA Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 2 (2006): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v2i2.2306

Abstract

Effect of nitrite on denitrification of synthetic wastewater using autotrophic bacteria was evaluated in both batch suspension and continuous packed column runs. Emphasis was placed to clarify the minimum concentrations of nitrite and nitrous acid that inhibit the denitrification rates. Batch suspension runs were conducted by mixing acclimatized denitrification sludge and synthetic wastewater in an Erlenmeyer flask. In continuous runs, denitrification sludge was loaded to a column packed with sulfur and limestone. The nitrite inhibition could be explained satisfactorily by substrate non-competitive inhibition model. The minimum concentration of nitrite which inhibits the nitrate and nitrite removal rate lowered with decreasing pH. In suspension runs, the minimum concentration of nitrous acid which inhibited the nitrite removal rate was 0.043 g-N/m3, while the nitrate removal rates was inhibited below 0.012 g-N/m3.  Both in suspension and continuous packed column runs, nitrate removal was more sensitive against nitrite increase compared with nitrite removal. The minimum concentration of nitrite which inhibited nitrate removal rate in continuous packed column runs was lower than that in suspension runs.  Keywords:Autotrophic bacteria, denitrification, inhibition, nitrite, sulfur 
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOTROPHIC DENITRIFICATION FOR NITRATE-CONTAMINATED INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i2.2333

Abstract

An autotrophic denitrification system was developed for treatment wastewater from steel industry. The aim was to evaluate the kinetics and capability of the system in reducing nitrate content in such industrial wastewater. The experiments were conducted in batch suspension and continuous runs. The denitrification kinetics in suspension runs obeys first order reaction with the rate constant k1 and k2 were determined to be 0.014 and 0.004 g-N/m3.d, respectively. The continuous runs used a column packed with mixture of granular sulfur and limestone. The microbes of Thiobacillus denitrificans were attached on the surface of granular sulfur in the form of biofilm. The biofilm thickness was investigated to be approximately 40 μm. The denitrification kinetics in the packed column obeys half-order reaction with the rate constant k of 0.172 g-N1/2.m1/2/(kg-S.d). The lower denitrification extent of industrial wastewater compared with the synthetic wastewater might be due to the lack of alkalinity. Keywords: Autotrophic denitrification, sulfur, packed column, thiobacillus denitrificans.
KAJIAN PENDAHULUAN KELAYAKAN PENERAPAN INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK SECARA KOMUNAL DI PERMUKIMAN KOTA BOGOR Rifai, Agus; Nugroho, Rudi
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2007): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v3i2.2335

Abstract

A preliminary assessment of an application of sewerage system with Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) and Down flow Hanging Sponge (DHS) technology was conducted inNorth Bogor. The Problem which often emerge in management of domestic wastewater is the limited land area and fund to built and operate a wastewater treatment facility. To overcome such problem, it is needed to develop a cheap wastewater treatment technology with high efficiency, easy to operate and also should be compact. The combination technology of UASB and DHS is proposed as an economic wastewater treatment which  easy to handling. Therefore, to make sure that the technology is feasible or not to be built inNorth Bogor, there is need the preliminary assessment. The assessment was conducted through a survey of technical and social economic aspect. The results show that sewerage system using UASB and DHS technology is feasible. Key word: domestic wastewater, upflow anaerobik sludge blanket, downflow hanging sponge, preliminary assessment.
PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH BERWARNA INDUSTRI TEKSTIL DENGAN PROSES AOPs Nugroho, Rudi; Mahmud, Ikbal
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i2.2344

Abstract

An experiment of advanced oxydation processes (AOPs) was applicated in textile wastewater treatment for color removal. The experiment was conducted in laboratory scale using ozon and hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agents. The textile wastewater contains any organic and inorganic dyes that could not be effective treated by coagullation and and sedimentation as well as by conventional aerobic treatments. Result of the experiments concluded that the AOPs technologies could be applied effectively for removal of color. Addition of hydrogen peroxide with volume of 0.25 ml for 1 liter of wastewater exhibits the reaction. The reaction of AOPs for color removal was optimum at temperatur of 70oC. As higher as pH, the reaction become faster and the efficiency of color removal become higher.   Key words:  advanced oxidation processes, color removal, hydrogen peroxide, ozon, 
KINETIKA PROSES AOPs UNTUK PENGHILANGAN WARNA AIR LIMBAH PRODUKSI BATIK Nugroho, Rudi; Mahmud, Ikbal
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 3 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i3.2356

Abstract

An experiment of Advanced Oxydation Processes (AOPs) was conducted in semi-pilot scale using ozon and hydrogen peroxide. The reaction of ozon and hydrogen peroxide  produce an active hydroxil which can crack a long-chain organic compounds such as azo dyes. A wastewater contains colour substances coming from batik industries in Jababeka was treated by AOPs. The reaction rate was affected by ozon concentration supplied to the wastewater. The more ozon concentration, the colour removal became faster.The colour removal using AOPs could be illustrated by first-order chemical reaction equation.The constant of reaction was calculated from experiment as high as 0,38 per hour.The cost for treating the wastewater using AOPs was  Rp.3.656,- for one cubic meter of wastewater. Key words:  AOPs, Colour Removal, Hydrogen Peroxide, Ozon,
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI PERCETAKAN UANG KERTAS (UTAS) MENGGUNAKAN PROSES BIOLOGIS ANAEROB Nugroho, Rudi; Mahmud, Ikbal; Sulasmi, Nurtya
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v4i1.2368

Abstract

A research of wastewater treatment technology come from money producing industry was conducted in laboratory scale using 10 lt of Anaerobic Fixed Bed Reactor. The money producing wastewater was treated by mixing with domestic wastewater with various compositions. The wastewater was fed into the bioreactor by draw and fill daily.The results show that the optimum of COD removal is 52,5%, optimum loading is 0, 95 g-COD/l/day and optimum flowrate is 0,5 l/day. The optimum compossition of money producing wastewater towards domestic wastewater is 30%. These optimum conditions can be used as a designed criteria for full scale of anaerobic bioreactor in the money producing industry. Katakunci : Wastewater, Anaerobic, Fixed Bed Reactor
Co-Authors agus rifai Arie Herlambang Dewanti, Dian Purwitasari Febriyanto, Irhan Firman Laili Sahwan Fujita, Hiroyuki Garno, Yudhi Soetrisno Hanies Ambarsari Hardono, Joko Hidayat, Dian Friana Honda, Katsuhisa Ma'rufatin, Anies Mahmud, Ikbal Manurung, Brian Saputra Muhammad Hanif Nugraha, Yosep Widi Nurtya Sulasmi Nusa Idaman Said Robertus Haryoto Indriatmoko Satmoko Yudo Setiyono Setiyono Shoiful, Ahmad Sri Wahyono Suciati, Fuzi Suprihatin Suryanto, Feddy Syah, Iman wahyu widayat Wiharja Wiharja Wiwik Handayani