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THE SYNTHESIS OF GLYCEROL CARBONATE FROM BIODIESEL BYPRODUCT GLYCEROL AND UREA OVER AMBERLYST 36 Senania, Astri; Sulistyo, Hary; Prasetya, Agus
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 1 (2017): June 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i1.7691

The increasing use of biodiesel as renewable fuels leads to the increasing of glycerol amount as a byproduct of biodiesel production. One of the glycerol derivative products that is environmentally friendly and renewable is glycerol carbonate. Glycerol carbonate is commonly used as a raw material for polymers, surfactants, emulsifiers, lubricants, paints, also used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, the research was carried out by using a batch reactor with a three-neck flask equipped with reverse cooling, thermometers, mercury stirrer, and heating mantle with the conditions of the reaction temperature around 373 â 413 K, mole ratio of reactants of urea: glycerol were 1:0,5, 1:1, 1:1,5, 1:2 and 1:4Â and the concentration of catalyst were 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% respectively. Reaction was done for four hours. The results showed that the formation of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and urea using a catalyst Amberlyst 36 is affected by the catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and the ratio of reactants used. The highest glycerol conversion was obtained at 55.07% at a temperature of 393 K with mole ratio of urea and glycerol 1:0,5 and the percentage of catalyst 3% of the amount of glycerol.

THE SYNTHESIS OF GLYCEROL CARBONATE FROM BIODIESEL BYPRODUCT GLYCEROL AND UREA OVER AMBERLYST 36 Senania, Astri; Sulistyo, Hary; Prasetya, Agus
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 1 (2017): June 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i1.7691

The increasing use of biodiesel as renewable fuels leads to the increasing of glycerol amount as a byproduct of biodiesel production. One of the glycerol derivative products that is environmentally friendly and renewable is glycerol carbonate. Glycerol carbonate is commonly used as a raw material for polymers, surfactants, emulsifiers, lubricants, paints, also used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, the research was carried out by using a batch reactor with a three-neck flask equipped with reverse cooling, thermometers, mercury stirrer, and heating mantle with the conditions of the reaction temperature around 373 â€“ 413 K, mole ratio of reactants of urea: glycerol were 1:0,5, 1:1, 1:1,5, 1:2 and 1:4Â and the concentration of catalyst were 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% respectively. Reaction was done for four hours. The results showed that the formation of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and urea using a catalyst Amberlyst 36 is affected by the catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and the ratio of reactants used. The highest glycerol conversion was obtained at 55.07% at a temperature of 393 K with mole ratio of urea and glycerol 1:0,5 and the percentage of catalyst 3% of the amount of glycerol.

The Opportunities of Using Malay Apple (Syzygium malaccense (L). Merr. & Perry) Wood Stem Extract as Halal and Thayyib Antidiabetic Drugs Nenden Fauziah; Astri Senania; Dhoni Anshar Nuari; Marginingsih Setianingrum
Indonesian Journal of Halal Research (IJHAR) Vol 1, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijhar.v1i2.5328

The use of existing antidiabetic drugs generally causes dangerous side effects, while the use of insulin has a problem with the halal status of the ingredients. Treatment with halal and thayyib medicinal ingredients is needed by Muslims, so it is necessary to find antidiabetic drugs that are halal and thayyib. The use of natural materials such as malay apple can be a solution for halal medicine. The study on antihyperglycemic activity of extracts of malay apple stem wood have been done. Invivo studies were carried out on animal experiments in male swiss webster mice using the glucose tolerance method. The experimental results showed a decrease in blood glucose levels after feeding with extract of malay apple stem wood at doses of 100 mg/Kgbw, 200 mg/Kgbw and 400 mg/Kgbw, which were significantly different compared to the control group (p <0.05), but effective doses shown at a dose of 100 mg/Kgbw. Measurement of moisture and ash content, levels of heavy metal and microbial contamination, showed that the simplicia of malay apple stem wood is safe. The results of this study indicate that malay apple wood extract is a material that is very likely to be used as antidiabetic drugs that are halal and thayyib.

ANALISIS PARAMETER AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI PENYAMAKAN KULIT SUKAREGANG GARUT Astri Senania; Novi Yanti
Lantanida Journal Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : UIN AR-RANIRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/lj.v10i1.11088

The leather tanning industry of Sukanggang Garut is an industry that has the potential to produce wastewater that contains a lot of organic substances. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an effective test to determine the parameters of wastewater pollution in the leather tanning industry. The purpose of this study was to test the value of water pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), and the amount of chromium concentration in the sample taken. The BOD test will be carried out using the Winkler method, the COD test will be carried out using the reflux method and the TSS test will be carried out using the gravimetric method, while the chromium concentration test will use an AAS spectrophotometer and the pH test will be carried out using a pH meter. The test results show that the liquid waste from the tanning industry activity in Sukaregang Garut exceeds the liquid waste threshold for the leather tanning industry.

Sosialisasi Covid-19 dan Pemaparan Tumbuhan Herbal yang digunakan untuk Meningkatkan Imunitas Tubuh di Desa Sindangpalay Kecamatan Karangpawitan Astri Senania; Mustika Muzdalipah; Randi Rahadian; Nina Karnia; Anggun Sucia Saputri
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 5, No 9 (2022): Volume 5 No 9 September 2022
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v5i9.5345

ABSTRAK Covid-19 sangat meresakan, perlu suatu gagasan berupa tindakan dalam penyampain sosialisasi yang di gencarkan kepada masyarakat untuk sadar betapa pentingnya menjaga kesehatan dalam penaggulangan COVID-19 ini, dan memberikan informasi mengenai manfaat yang terdapat tumbuhan apa saja yang memberikan khasiat apabila di konsumsi mampu meningkatkan imunitas tubuh untuk mencegah terjadinya COVID-19. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penulis melakukan pengabdian pada masyarakat. Tujuan kami melaksanakan kegiatan ini yaitu untuk mensosialisasikan kepada masyarakat bahwa pentingnya menjaga kesehatan dengan mengikuti protokol yang dianjurkan oleh pemerintah dan mengedukasi masyarakat terkait tumbuhan yang bisa dikonsumsi untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh ditengah pandemik COVID-19. Kegiatan yang dilakukan dengan metode sosialisasi COVID-19, Dimana sosialisasi kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan protokol kesehatan yang dianjurkan oleh pemerintah. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan Sosialisasi tersebut yaitu dimana 99% masyarakat yang hadir mengerti dengan materi yang disampaikan 1 % masyarakat tidak mengerti dengan materi yang disampaikan. Kata Kunci: COVID-19, Informasi, Pencegahan, imunitas ABSTRACT COVID-19 is very troubling, we need an idea in the form of action in providing intensive socialization to the public to realize how important it is to maintain health in this COVID-19 response period, and provide information about the benefits of which plants provide benefits when consumed can improve health. immune system to prevent COVID-19. Based on these problems, the authors do community service. Our goal in carrying out this activity is to socialize to the public the importance of maintaining health by following the protocols recommended by the government and educating the public about plants that can be consumed to increase immunity in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. The activity was carried out using the COVID-19 socialization method, where the socialization of activities was carried out using the health protocol recommended by the government. The results achieved from these socialization activities were 99% of the people who attended understood the material presented, 1% of the people who did not understand the material presented. Keywords: COVID-19, Information, Prevention, immunity

Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Ethyl Acetate Fractions from Syzygium cumini Wood Stem Alawiyah, Aika Latifah; Senania, Astri
ALKIMIA Vol 5 No 1 (2021): ALKIMIA
Publisher : SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI RADEN FATAH PALEMBANG

Syzygium cumini is one of the endemic plants in Indonesia that has the potential to be developed. The fruit was known to have potential as a diabetes drug. However, very few studies to determine the medicinal potential and identification of compounds of Syzygium cumini wood stem has never been studied before. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity and content of compounds in Syzygium cumini wood stem ethyl acetate fraction. The crude ethanol extract was prepared from the wood stem powder of Syzygium cumini in ethanol using maceration. Furthermore, it was carried out by the liquid-liquid fractionation process using solvents of different polarity. Antioxidant activity of the crude extract, hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction was determined by spectrophotometric methods using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Analysis of bioactive compounds by using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Identification of compounds functional groups was carried out to support the results of TLC analysis by using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR). Ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 13,62 µg/mL), followed by ethanol extract (IC50 19,64 µg/mL) and hexane fraction (IC50 61,25 µg/mL). The antioxidant activity of the acetate fraction was lower than that of ascorbic acid with an IC50 value of 2,85 µg/mL. However, this fraction has very strong antioxidant activity. The TLC analysis results showed that the sample was thought to contain an alkaloid, phenolic, flavonoid, and terpenoid. The assumption on agreement with FTIR analysis which showed functional groups were C-H, O-H, N-H, C=O, and C=C aromatics as constituents of these compounds.

Protein Recovery from Tofu Whey Wastewater Using a Column Reactor: Preliminary Results: Pemulihan Protein dari Limbah Tahu Pekat Menggunakan Reaktor Kolom: Hasil Pendahuluan INTAN PERMATASARI; ASTRI SENANIA; FITRI DARA; ATTI SHOLIHAH; SAMBAS SAMBAS; ACHMAD SYAMSUDIN; MUCHLIS MUCHLIS; WIDYARANI WIDYARANI
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 24 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jtl.2023.728

ABSTRAK Industri tahu menghasilkan air limbah pekat atau whey (dadih), yang memiliki pH rendah dan bahan organik yang tinggi, sehingga dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan jika tidak diolah dengan baik. Di sisi lain, salah satu kandungan limbah tahu pekat yaitu protein dapat dimanfaatkan kembali untuk mengurangi potensi pencemaran lingkungan dan diolah lebih lanjut menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data awal untuk menilai kelayakan penggunaan metode fraksinasi busa untuk pemulihan protein dari limbah tahu pekat. Limbah tahu pekat dalam penelitian kami memiliki konsentrasi protein awal 3.115 mg/l. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan reaktor fraksinasi busa berbentuk kolom dalam mode semi-curah. Kombinasi tiga laju alir udara (10, 30, dan 60 l/jam) dan tiga konsentrasi limbah tahu pekat (10, 50, dan 100%) diuji. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi protein awal mempengaruhi pemulihan protein, sehingga diperlukan konsentrasi protein awal sekitar 3.000 mg/l. Rasio pengayaan tertinggi 1,0 ± 0,5, setara dengan pemulihan protein 6 ± 4%, dicapai pada laju alir 10 l/jam dan konsentrasi limbah tahu pekat 100%. Peningkatan laju alir hingga 30 l/jam tidak mengubah rasio pengayaan (0,9 ± 0,2), tetapi meningkatkan pemulihan protein hingga 71 ± 14%. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk parameter-parameter lain seperti konsentrasi protein awal, komposisi limbah tahu pekat, laju aliran udara, ukuran gelembung, holdup cairan, dan desain reaktor. ABSTRACT The tofu industry generates highly-polluted wastewater called whey, which has a low pH and high organic matter, and therefore can cause environmental pollution when not treated properly. On the other hand, one of the whey constituents namely protein can be recovered from the wastewater to reduce its environmental potency and to be further processed as a product that has an economic value. This study aimed to obtain preliminary data to assess the feasibility of using the foam fractionation method for the recovery of protein from tofu whey wastewater. Tofu whey in our study had an initial protein concentration of 3115 mg.L-1. The experiment was performed using a column foam fractionation reactor in a semi-batch mode. Combinations of three air flow rates (10, 30, and 60 L.h-1) and three tofu whey concentrations (10, 50, and 100%) were tested. Our results show that initial protein concentration influenced protein recovery, with a protein concentration of approximately 3000 mg.L-1 required. The highest enrichment ratio of 1.0 ± 0.5, which corresponded to 6 ± 4% protein recovery, was achieved at 10 L.h-1 flow rate and 100% whey concentration. Increasing the flow rate to 30 L.h-1 did not change the enrichment ratio (0.9 ± 0.2), but increased the protein recovery to 71 ± 14%. Further investigation is needed for parameters such as initial protein concentration, whey composition, air flow rate, bubble size, holdup time, and reactor design.

Counseling on the Dangers of Repeated Use of Cooking Oil and Training on the Valorization of Used Cooking Oil for Dorokdok Cracker Producer in Suci Village Fauziah, Nenden; Prasetiawati, Riska; Senania, Astri; Apriani, Riza; Annisa Rahmasari Kanto, Dhini
Jurnal Inovasi Sains dan Teknologi untuk Masyarakat Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): November
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember. Jl. Kalimantan No.37, Krajan Timur, Jemberlor, Kec. Sumbersari, Jember Regency, East Java 68121

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/instem.v2i2.1574

Producers of cowhide crackers (dorokdok) in Suci Village have the potential to produce cooking oil waste of more than 1 ton/week. In addition, cooking oil is often used repeatedly to reduce production costs. From situation analysis and field observations, the people of Suci Village do not yet know the dangers of using used cooking oil repeatedly and how to process used cooking oil into biodiesel. This service activity aims to educate the public about the dangers of repeated use of used cooking oil and the valorization of used cooking oil into biodiesel. It is hoped that the step of valorizing used cooking oil can prevent repeated use of cooking oil without having an impact on increasing dorokdok production costs. The method of implementing service is counselling and training. Changes in community knowledge are evaluated through the implementation of pretests and posttests. The evaluation results show an increase in public knowledge about the dangers of repeated use of cooking oil and steps to valorize used cooking oil reaching 66.20%. It is hoped that the step to valorize used cooking oil will be a way to create a healthy environment and food as well as realize economic independence in Suci Village.

The Opportunities of Using Malay Apple (Syzygium malaccense (L). Merr. & Perry) Wood Stem Extract as Halal and Thayyib Antidiabetic Drugs Fauziah, Nenden; Senania, Astri; Nuari, Dhoni Anshar; Setianingrum, Marginingsih
Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): August
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijhar.v1i2.5328

The use of existing antidiabetic drugs generally causes dangerous side effects, while the use of insulin has a problem with the halal status of the ingredients. Treatment with halal and thayyib medicinal ingredients is needed by Muslims, so it is necessary to find antidiabetic drugs that are halal and thayyib. The use of natural materials such as malay apple can be a solution for halal medicine. The study on antihyperglycemic activity of extracts of malay apple stem wood have been done. Invivo studies were carried out on animal experiments in male swiss webster mice using the glucose tolerance method. The experimental results showed a decrease in blood glucose levels after feeding with extract of malay apple stem wood at doses of 100 mg/Kgbw, 200 mg/Kgbw and 400 mg/Kgbw, which were significantly different compared to the control group (p <0.05), but effective doses shown at a dose of 100 mg/Kgbw. Measurement of moisture and ash content, levels of heavy metal and microbial contamination, showed that the simplicia of malay apple stem wood is safe. The results of this study indicate that malay apple wood extract is a material that is very likely to be used as antidiabetic drugs that are halal and thayyib.

Pengaruh konsentrasi asam sulfat pada sintesis nanokristal selulosa bonggol jagung Maulidanti, Nadiyya Nur; Nurdin, Abdul Malik; Luthfiyah, Ai Fifih; Senania, Astri
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/jps.v1i1.67993

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifi kasi pengaruh asam sulfat pada sintesis nanokristal selulosa dari bonggol jagung. Isolasi selulosa dari bonggol jagung dilakukan dengan dua tahap yaitu delignfi kasi yang dengan menggunakan NaOH dan bleaching dengan NaOCl. Sintesis nanokristalin selulosa dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode hidrolisis asam sulfat dengan variasi konsentrasi pada suhu 45â„ƒ selama 120 menit. Nanokristalin yang diperoleh dikarakterisasasi nilai kristalinitas dan ukuran kristal menggunakan analisis XRD dan identifi kasi gugus fungsi dengan menggunakan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukan asam sulfat dapat mempengaruhi hasil sintesis dengan teridentifi kasi adanya gugus S=O pada permukaan karena adanya perekatan gugus dari H2 SO4 . Nilai kristalinitas selulosa terbesar diperoleh pada konsentrasi asam sulfat 60% menghasilkan nanokristal selulosa dengan nilai kristalinas sebesar 89,63%, sedangkan ukuran nanokristal terkecil (0,88 nm) dapat diperoleh pada konsentrasi 55%.Kata Kunci: bonggol jagung, hidrolisis asam, nanokristal selulosaEffect of sulfuric acid concentration on the synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals of corncob Abstract: This study aimed to identify the eff ect of sulfuric acid on the synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals from corn cob. Cellulose isolation from corn cob was carried out in two stages: delignifi cation using NaOH and bleaching with NaOCl. Cellulose nanocrystals were synthesized using sulfuric acid hydrolysis with varying concentrations at 45°C for 120 minutes. The obtained nanocrystals were characterized for crystallinity and crystal size using X-ray diff raction (XRD) analysis, and functional groups were identifi ed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicate that sulfuric acid aff ects the synthesis outcome, as evidenced by the presence of S=O groups on the surface due to the bonding of H2SO4 groups. The highest cellulose crystallinity was achieved at a sulfuric acid concentration of 60%, resulting in cellulose nanocrystals with a crystallinity value of 89.63%. The smallest nanocrystal size (0.88 nm) was obtained at a concentration of 55%. Keywords: corn cob, acid hydrolysis, nanocrystaline cellulose

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