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Analysis of Tea Rhizosphere Bacterial Community at the Seedling Stage Using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (TRFLP) Techniques Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Fauziah, Fani; Pranoto, Eko; Hidayat, Ernin; Setyowati, Mamik; Rachmiati, Yati
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 19, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

Bio-imunizer contains an active compound ofÂ Chryseobacterium sp. and Bacillus sp. has been developed by PPTK Gambung. This formula has positive effect on the growth of tea plants also potentially increasing resistance of the plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of bacteria in Bio-imunizer to the rhizosphere bacterial communities as well as the consistency of its existence after application on tea plants at the nursery stage. The technique used in this research is Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism based on metagenomic and culture dependent approaches. The value of relative abundance, Shannon diversity index, Pielous evenness index, and Simpson dominance index were calculated. Based on the T-RF profiles of rhizosphere bacterial communities show that Chryseobacterium sp. and Bacillus sp. which is the active compound ofÂ Bio-imunizer consistently found in the tea plant rhizosphere. Application of Bio-imunizer can increase the diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community without affecting the communities that already exist.

Exploration and Effectiveness Test from Some Tea Indigenous Potassium Soluble Bacteria Pranoto, Eko; Wulansari, Restu; Athallah, Faris Nur Fauzi; Lestari, Fitrianti Widya
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 19, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

Tea is a plant that benefits for health. The growth of tea plant was influenced by several factors, including superior clones and nutrient availability in soil. One of the most important macro nutrients is potassium. However, the availability of potassium is low because of retention on the soil. One of the methode for absorbed by plant was used Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) with its organic acid function. The aim of the study was to explore and determine the density of colonies (DC) and the potential of Tea Indigenous PSB. Inoculum source from tea rhizosphere and rhizoplan of GMB 7, GMB 9 and TRI 2024 clones. The experimental design used was completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications, i.e. : GMB 7 Rhizosphere; GMB 7 Rhizoplan; GMB 9 Rhizosphere; GMB 9 Rhizoplan; TRI 2024 Rhizosphere; and TRI 2024 Rhizoplan. Ten isolates with the highest halozone was tested by the Dissolution Index (DI) of the PSB. The result showed that the highest DC was GMB 9 rhizoplan by 10.9 x 105 CFU/g and the lowest was TRI 2024 rhizoplant by 3.1 x 105 CFU/g. The DC on GMB clones series showed that rhizoplan was 14,29% higher than rhizosphere. There is no significant difference of DI for PSB colonies from all clones. From that clones, we were obtained 10 isolat that have the highest halozone, that were 2 isolates from rhizosphere and 8 isolates from rhizoplan. The average of DI rhizosphere isolates was 119,9% higher than rhizoplan.

Potency of tea plant indigenous microbe on plant growth and to against blister blight disease (Exobasidium vexans Massee) Fauziah, Fani; Setiawati, Mieke Rochimi; Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Pranoto, Eko; Rachmiati, Yati
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 19, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

The chemical control method of blister blight (Exobasidium vexans Massee) on tea could inflict various negative impacts. In order to obtain an environmentally sound control method of blister blight disease, a nursery trial has been conducted to know the effectiveness of bacterial combinations. The trial was carried out at Gambung experimental garden, with seven treatments and four replications. The indigenous microbial codes are Azoto II-1, Endo-5 and Endo-76. The treatments tested comprised: control (without bacteria),Â Azoto II-1 25% + Endo-5 75%; Azoto II-1 50% + Endo-5 50%; Azoto II-1 75% + Endo-5 25%;Â Azoto II-1 25% + Endo-76 75%; Azoto II-1 50% + Endo-76 50%; and Azoto II-1 75% + Endo-76 25%. All of the treatments was applied as a soil drench, 50 ml/plant with bacterial concentration at 0,5%. The parameter observed was blister blight disease intensity, plant heights, stem diameter, leaves number, root length, and root volume. The results showed that the combination of Azoto II-1 75% + Endo-5 25% could suppress the intensity of blister blight disease with disease intensity 1.27%. The treatments also affected plant heights, stem diameter, leaves number, root length, and root volume, 15.32 cm; 3.38 cm; 8.05 cm; 18.25 cm and 2.37 cm, respectively.

The effect of indigenous and exogeneous endophythic bacteria on shoot production, soil and tea leaf nitrogen content under drought season Pranoto, Eko
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 17, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

Drought season with rainfall <100 mm/month for more than two months cause tea plant growth disturbed, reduction in leaf proÂduction, and death of plant. Nitrogen was the macro essential nutrient needed for vegetative growth and was important for building the cell, include protein, DNA, and RNA. Nitrogen was related on proline content to support the drought tolerance in plant. The nitrogen reÂquirement on tea plantation can be fulfilled by anorganic, organic, and biofertilizer. This study was aimed at determining effect of indigenous and exogeneous endophythic bacteria effecÂtiveness on productivity and nitrogen content on soil and tea plant. This research was carried out at the Block A7 Gambung, Research Intitute for Tea and Cinchona. The study was conducÂted during drought season (June to September 2013). The experimental design was randomize blocked design with factorial arrangement and three levels of each factor: i.e. 1. anorganic nitrogen dose (N): a. 100% N dose; b. 75% N dose; c. 50% N dose, 2. endophytic bacteria (E); a. control (without); b. indigenous (DtG7-5); c. exogenous (Acinetobacter sp). The result showed that the indigenous and exogenous endophytic bacteria could be maintained the leaf production and significantly different on drought season, i.e. on 3rd, 4th, and 6th plucking. The highest leaf production increasing depend on before applied the treatment was the combined of endophitic bacteria and 100% anorganic fertilizer. All of the treatment has not significantly different on N-total of soil and N content of plant. The applied of indigenous and also exogenous endophytic bacteria was proÂduced the average of nitrogen content on soil around 10-13% higher than the control treatÂment (only anorganic fertilizer applied) and the nitrogen content on plant was lower 1-2% than control treatment (only anorganic fertilizer applied).

The comparison of effectivity from consortium bio fertilizer and endophytic bio fertilizer on productivity and health of clone mature GMB 7 tea crop Setiawati, Mieke Rochimi; Wulansari, Restu; Pranoto, Eko
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 17, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

This study aimed at comparing the effecÂtiveness of consortium bio-fertilizer with endoÂphytic bio fertilizer to increasing producÂtivity and health of mature clone GMB 7 tea crop. This research was carried out at the Gambung Experimental Station Block A7 Research InstiÂtute for Tea and Cinchona, from July 2013 to September 2013. Randomized block design was used in this study with ten treatments and three replications i.e.: A1H0 = anorganic fertilizer (75%), A2H0 = anorganic fertilizer (50%), A1H1 = anorganic fertilizer (75%) + 2 liter consortium bio fertilizer, A1H2 = anorganic fertilizer (75 %) + 4 liter consorÂtium bio-fertiÂlizer, A2H1 = anorganic fertilizer (50 %) + 2 liter consortium bio fertilizer, A2H2 = anorgaÂnic fertilizer (50%) + 4 liter consorÂtium bio-fertilizer, A1H3 = anorganic fertilizer (75 %) + 2 liter endophytic bio fertilizer, A1H4 = anorÂganic fertilizer (75%) + 4 liter endoÂphytic bio fertilizer, A2H3 = anorganic fertiliÂzer (50%) + 2 liter endophytic bio fertilizer and A2H4 = anorganic fertilizers (50%) +4 liter endophytic bio fertilizer. The results showed there were a significantly difference on amount of the pekoe shoot among treatments, although the others variable was not significantly diffeÂrent. However, the overall consortium bio-fertilizer resulted in the production of shoots 15,36% and endophytic biofertilizer application resulted in the production of shoots 21,93% higher than the control (without bio fertilizer). When compared to the first plucking, the numÂber of shoot from July to September showed increasing trend, so did the number of banji shoots.

In-vitro experiment of nitrogen fixing capacity of indigenous and exogeneous Azotobacter sp at Andisol tea planting areaâs Pranoto, Eko; Setiawati, Mieke Rochimi
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 17, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

An in-vitro experiment to evaluate total nitrogen content of soil of tea plantation area included with indigenous and exogenous AzotoÂbacter sp have been conducted in the Biology and Soil Biotechnology Laboratory, PadjaÂdjaran University. A completely randomized design with 11 treatments and three repliÂcations was used. The treatments were: A (neÂgative control); B (positive control); C (A. Kedelai II); D (A. vinelandii); E (A. N.D.9.3); F (A. Padi); G (VI-1); H (II-1); I (V-2); J (I-1); and K (III-2). Size of microbe inoculated popuÂlation for each treatment was 1,2 x 1011 CFU/ml. One percent dose was used for steÂrilized soil originated from the tea plantation area. After five days of incubation period reÂvealed that II-1 Azotobacter sp produced very significantly different in total nitrogen proÂduction than the other Azotobacter sp, i.e. 0,8532%. Orthogonal comparisons indicated that indigenous Azotobacter sp had the capacity of nitrogen fixation 7,67% higher than that the capacity of nitrogen fixation of exogenous Azotobacter sp for growth on Andisol soil of tea plantation area with pH of 4,5-5,6. Although, Azotobacter sp is very rarely found in soil with low pH (high acidity), this phenomena indiÂcating that an active biofertilizer of indigenous Azotobacter sp is present in tea plantation area.

The application of technology portable fertigation system in the dry month in tea plantation Rahardjo, Pudjo; Wulansari, Restu; Pranoto, Eko
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 18, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

The research aims at providing multiÂfunction both irrigation and fertilizer appliÂcations (fertigation) and calculates the producÂtion of shoots and evaluated plant health during dry season. This research was carried out on Gambung Research Station using clone GMB7. Randomized block design was used in this study with six treatments and four replications. The treatments i.e. a. control (without irrigation, without fertilization); b. without irrigation, ferÂtiÂlization through the soil; c. irrigation 7 mm/day every 3 days (without fertilization); d. irrigation 7 mm/day every 6 days (without fertilization); e. fertigation 7 mm/day every 3 days; and f. fertigation 7 mm/day every 6 days. Observations were made from September-October 2014 with 4 times of plucking. All treatments were significantly different on the yield, number of both pecco and banji. The fertigation treatment using 21 mm of water (7 mm/day every 3 days) showed the highest shoot production of 15,56%. The highest number of pecco shoots and ratio of the number pecco/number of banji in treatment using 21 mm of water (7 mm/day every 3 days) of 32,25%. The highest number of banji found in the control treatment (without irrigation without fertilization) was 74,94%. From this research it can be concluded that the fertigation treatment can give good impact to production maintain and plant health in the dry season.

Comparison of some exogeneous solubillizing phosphate bacteria on Andisol as Indonesia dominant native tea soil Setiawati, Mieke Rochimi; Pranoto, Eko
Jurnal Penelitian Teh dan Kina Vol 18, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona

Tea was planting an upland area with Andisol as the dominant soil ordo. Andisol has a special characteristic i.e. low soil pH and it has more mineral that causing low of soil phos-phate soluble, especially for tea plants, there-fore the rule of solubilizing phosphate bacteria will be needed. Laboratory scale experiments were conducted to study the capability activities of some solubilizing phosphate bacterias name-ly Pseudomonas cepaceae, P. malei, Bacillus mycoides, and B. subtilis. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with six treatments and four replications. The result on statistical analysis shown that there were no significant differences in increasing of the soil phosphate soluble. Nevertheless, the treatment D (Bacillus mycoides) produced the highest soil phosphate soluble. The capability of bacteria to increase soil phosphate soluble was depended on its habitat, especially soil pH. Even all of the isolates were the superior solubilizing phosphate bacterias in agricultural food plants with neutral soil pH, but they have not significantly different on Andisol. There-fore, the using of indigenous isolates on tea plant areas was suggested.

Effect of Inorganic and Organic Liquid Fertilizer Application with Different Application Frequency on Growth of Yielding Tea Athallah, Faris Nur Fauzi; Wulansari, Restu; Pranoto, Eko; Alimin, Muhammad
Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25181/jaip.v9i2.1941

Input factor is one of the determinator the quality and response of the tea plant growth. Inorganic fertilizer input still dominates in Indonesian plantations due to the lack of comprehensive evaluation of organic fertilizers, especially in liquid form. This study aims to determine the effect of inorganic and organic liquid fertilizer applications and the frequency of their application on the growth of tea plants. The experiment was carried out based on a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of six treatment combinations, including tap water application once a week, tap water once every two weeks, 1% urea once a week, 1% urea every two weeks, 1% POC once a week and 1% POC once every two weeks. Experiments were carried out on yielding tea plants with the 3rd year of pruning stage. The parameters observed were shoot production (kg.plot-1), weight of banji and pekoe (g.100g-1) and the ratio of banji/pekoe. The results showed that the application of urea foliar fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer with different application frequencies did not have a significant effect on each observed parameter. Application of 1% liquid organic fertilizer once every two weeks has the potential to increase tea productivity by showing a relatively high production of tea (6.88 kg.plot-1) compared to other treatments.

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