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All Journal BAHAS English Review: Journal of English Education Journal of Language and Literature Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching AICLL: ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE International Journal of English and Applied Linguistics (IJEAL)
M. Manugeren
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Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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MULTI-POTENTIALITY IN MICHAEL AVALLONE’S NOVEL KRAKATOA EAST OF JAVA Alimsyah Alimsyah; Jumino Suhadi; M. Manugeren
Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 1, No 1: December 2017
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (217.501 KB) | DOI: 10.30743/ll.v1i1.177

Abstract

Abstract The research is about the protagonist’s multi-potentiality with three points of analysis: multi-potentiality in career, in self-discipline and making friend. Multi-potentiality exists when strong genetics and a desire to practice come together to create superior ability. Discipline means order or code of behaviour. Self-discipline refers to the ability to control one’s own feeling is very important. Self-Discipline leads to overcome one’s own weaknesses. Life without Self-discipline is no life. There are many valuable things in life, but friendship may be one of the most important. To live life without the experience of friendship is life without living. Human interaction is a necessity to survival, but developed friendships are essential to the successful well being of anyone. True friendship is a feeling of love, sharing and caring. The theory of multi-potentiality is proposed by Timoty (2008) stating that from knowledge and skills comes multi-potentiality, a set of personal characteristics that enhance one’s ability to achieve expertise in an accelerated manner.  These traits allow one to improve at quicker rates than others in their field that are at the same level of expertise. Descriptive qualitative method by Bickman (2010) is applied to analyze all the data concerning multi-potentiality and conducted to demonstrate association or relationships between things in the world around us in this matter, significant events in the novel and how all the events are molded into a story. The result shows that the protagonist has multi-potentiality in the forms of ability in career, self-discipline and making friends. Keywords: self-discipline, potentiality, career
HEROISM IN LIN CARTER’S NOVEL THE QUEST OF KADJI Sawira Sawira; Jumino Suhadi; M. Manugeren
Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 1, No 1: December 2017
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (219.997 KB) | DOI: 10.30743/ll.v1i1.249

Abstract

Abstract The focus of the study goes to the protagonist’s heroism in making his country a peaceful state. There always seems to be a hero in everyone’s life; everyone has one, and many act as one. A. hero is simply a man admired for his achievements and noble qualities. Despite the accuracy of any dictionary, a hero can be defined according to the mind of the beholder. Heroes have been constructed in many fictional literary works and myths, as well as in reality.  This research is conducted by means of descriptive qualitative method proposed by Krathwohl (2010), and the theory of heroism applied is the one proposed by Kohen (2010). There are three forms of heroism showed by Kadji, the protagonist of the novel: courage, sacrifice and suffering. Kadji is still young but urged by his courage, he is ready to take an official assignment to finish the enemy of his state, named Shamad. The study is conducted by applying descriptive qualitative method with purposes of describing, explaining and validating things related to the data taken from the novel. From the research result it is seen that Kadji in quest of the enemy experiences sacrifice and suffering but motored by his courage all is settled down  to the upmost outcome. Kadji is a real patriot for his state and his clans as he has shown a spirit of heroism in all his steps. Kadji has proved himself to be a hero. It is in line with what Kohen (2010) claims that  heroes are people who transform compassion or a personal virtue into heroic action or a civic virtue. He has proved so much to his forefathers of his fatherland that they do not tolerate traitors.  Keywords: heroism, courage, sacrifice, suffering
THE QUALITIES OF FORENSIC STYLISTICS ENFOLDED IN SUICIDE NOTES Siti Maharani; Rahmadsyah Rangkuti; Manugeren Manugeren
BAHAS Vol 33, No 1 (2022): BAHAS
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/bhs.v33i1.36724

Abstract

Abstract  Suicide notes are messages left by people who have committed suicide or plan to commit suicide. These written messages express the victims' thoughts and emotions that they could not assert since they were alive. As a result, the purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate the characteristics of linguistic features of suicide notes written by eleven well-known male individuals. The method used in this study is qualitative content analysis. The data came from suicide notes written by eleven well-known males. These notes were available online. The researchers read, categorized, and explained the data consisting of five linguistic features of suicide notes: clear reasoning, expressing emotion, structure text, grammar, and punctuation. The findings revealed that all of the linguistic items were present in the suicide notes of very well individuals. The characteristics of clear reasoning were the most frequently observed because it informs readers of the victims' point of view about the reasons that led to their suicide. While the absence of hesitation and form of location occurred on an odd event. Finally, the findings of this study may aid future research into the study of suicide notes in forensic linguistics, the use of linguistics in data analysis, or legal issues Keywords :suicide notes; characteristics; linguistic features; forensic linguistics
GRAPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS IN ULYSSES POEM: A STYLISTICS ANALYSIS Ade Namira; Rahmadsyah Rangkuti; Manugeren Manugeren
BAHAS Vol 33, No 1 (2022): BAHAS
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/bhs.v33i1.36723

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to investigate the deployment of graphological variations in Tennyson’s poetry namely Ulysses. A Descriptive qualitative was used in this study. The data were graphological variations used in poetry and the data source was Tennyson’s Ulysses poetry consists of 70 lines. The data were analyzed based on graphological techniques and punctuation marks. The result revealed graphological variations are found in Ulysses’ poetry by Tennyson starting from capitalization, indentation to punctuation marks. Capitalization was used to indicate proper noun and used in every line as a rule of nineteenth century poetry. For indentation, it was found two lines with more indented line than others. Lastly, five distinct family of punctuation marks were used namely stops: period, colon, semi-colon, and comma, tonal indicators: exclamation mark, sign of omission: apostrophe, rules: hyphen and em-dash, and combinate-mark: commash. Those graphological variations closely related with the era of the poet wrote his poetry.Keywords: Analysis; Graphology; Poetry; Ulysses  AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan variasi grafologi dalam puisi Tennyson dengan judul Ulysses. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data yang digunakan adalah variasi grafologi yang digunakan dalam puisi dan sumber datanya adalah puisi Ulysses karya Tennyson yang terdiri dari 70 baris. Data dianalisis berdasarkan teknik grafologi dan tanda baca. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi grafologi ditemukan dalam puisi Ulysses karya Tennyson mulai dari penggunaan huruf kapital, indentasi hingga tanda baca. Kapitalisasi digunakan untuk menunjukkan kata benda yang tepat dan digunakan di setiap baris sebagai aturan puisi abad kesembilan belas. Pada indentasi ditemukan dua baris puisi yang lebih menjorok dari yang lain. Terakhir, lima tanda baca yang berbeda digunakan yaitu perhentian: titik, titik dua, titik koma, dan koma. Kemudian, indikator nada: tanda seru, tanda penghilangan: apostrof. Selanjutnya aturan: tanda hubung dan tanda pisah, dan tanda kombinasi: koma. Variasi grafologi tersebut erat kaitannya dengan zaman penyair menulis puisinya.Kata kunci: Analisis; Grafologi; Puisi; Ulysses
DICTION ANALYSIS IN CHARLOTTE PUDDIFOOT’S POEM AFTER THE ABORTION Meliana Siboro; Rahmadsyah Rangkuti; M Manugeren
Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching Vol 6, No 1: June 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/ll.v6i1.5323

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the use of diction in the poem After The Abortion by Charlotte Puddifoot. The poem deals with matters of abortion experienced by women. The process of aborting a pregnancy intentionally is a mechanism to make a fetus in the uterus unable to develop or stay. In a simple concept abortion is  a killing. The research method is a descriptive qualitative method with close reading technique to collect data. Data were classified into four general types of diction: abstract, concrete, denotative and connotative. The finding shows the use of abstract, concrete, denotative and connotative are prevalent throughout the poem, with concrete diction being the majority. Each line of the poem is carefully structured with effective diction to send the author’s message to the reader. Abstract, concrete, denotative and connotative dictions are used to create imagery and vivid pictures of the procedures. The poem carries a heavy lesson of physical and long-term emotional damages caused by  abortion. 
SOCIAL CRITIQUE IN MERDEKA SHORT STORY BY PUTU WIJAYA: A DYSTOPIAN LITERATURE APPROACH M. Manugeren; Purwarno Purwarno; Purwanto Siwi; Susi Ekalestari; Sri Wulan
English Review: Journal of English Education Vol 10, No 3 (2022)
Publisher : University of Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/erjee.v10i3.7090

Abstract

Changes in a society produce social critiques which in turn become a means of communicating new ideas in addition to assessing old ideas for social change, in short as a vehicle for the conservation and reproduction of a social system. Social critique can be conveyed through literary works; this is seen from the short story of Merdeka by Putu Wijaya. Through a dystopian literary approach and supported by related theories and concepts, it is revealed that this short story is full of social critiques as a result of the author's observations of his environment. The flow of dystopia is generally speculative, presenting a catastrophic or chaotic landscape of the future civilization of the world. Dystopian literature is always associated with socio-political discourse. Overall this research is carried out using a qualitative descriptive method with the aim of presenting a complete picture of the social setting and clarification of social phenomena in the short story of Merdeka and then synchronizing it with social reality. The results show that the forms of social critique conveyed by the author is lack of self-introspection, social gap and environmental damage. These three forms of social critique if uncontrolled can cause chaos in the social system because the main result is conflict, the color of dystopian literature.
CAUSES OF INTERNAL CONFLICT IN FRANK HERBERT’S NOVEL DUNE Nanda Aulia Alfarisi; M. Manugeren; Purwarno Purwarno
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 4, No 2: November 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v4i2.6056

Abstract

This research is aimed to analyse internal conflicts as well as the major causes of those conflicts. In order to analyse the two types of conflict proposed by Robert Stanton as well as other theories or concepts related to the study and identification of conflict, such as Lewis Coser and William Kenney, the researchers employ a psychology of literature approach since the core analysis of this study is through the psychology of the character and is supported by behaviourism perspective because it deals with the behavioural phenomena. The boundaries for choosing the causes of conflicts are set by Hoffman where he states that the two major causes of conflicts are conflicting perception and conflicting needs. Frank Herbert's novel Dune serves as the primary source of information for this qualitative descriptive study, while other books and related publications serve as secondary sources following Creswell's data collection and analysis methodology. The results of the analysis show that internal conflicts experienced by Paul Atreides are often caused by conflicting perception and conflicting needs, since those conflicts caused by conflicting perceptions and needs are almost always on the intersections which Paul needs to choose for the story to progress.
COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE IN PARMOEDYA ANANTA TOERS’ NOVEL BUMI MANUSIA M. Rawi Bintoro; M. Manugeren; Devi Pratiwy
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 4, No 2: November 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v4i2.5968

Abstract

People always do communication with others. Communication has several functions, such as conveying idea and giving information to others. In conveying idea and giving information, people use a language. One main requirements needed by person to do communication is to make sure that the listener or people involved in the conversation will cooperate each other; so by this,  the communication can run well. Paul Grice states that the cooperative principle is the assumption that participants in a conversation normally attempt to be informative, truthful, relevant, and clear and the cooperative principle of conversation is elaborated in four sub-principles called maxims. They are maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of relevance and maxim of manner. The aims of this study are to reveal the use of framework principle and to entangle the implied meanings in the conversations in terms of their maxim arrangement. This research uses descriptive qualitative method and the results show that there are maxim of relevant, quality, quantity and manner used in the novel.
RELIGIOUS LIFE IN CHINUA ACHEBE’S NOVEL THINGS FALL APART Habibi Habibi; M. Manugeren; Purwarno Purwarno
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 4, No 2: November 2022
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v4i2.5841

Abstract

This research is aimed at reflecting how Chinua Achebe reveals the religious life of Igbo people before and after the coming of the missionaries as well as the invasion of British in the southeastern part of Nigeria during the late 19th century. Achebe reflects that various practices of social and religious life are thrilling, cruel and even inhumane. This research is considered significant and worthy since it is an exertion to understand historical knowledge and life lessons about religious life of the local people. This study is supported by the theory of literary sociology proposed by Laurenseon and Swingewood's to understand and evaluate literary works by considering social aspects and holistically conducted by descriptive qualitative method in which the data from the novel are analyzed to reveal the religious life of Igbo people before and after the coming of British people and the significant contributions as well as changes they have brought. The findings of this research designates that various inhumane religious and cultural practices, such as abandoning or throwing twins born into the evil forest, throwing people dying with diseases, mutilating babies who die at birth and considering ogbanje, not burying people who die by suicide, surely no longer happen in Igbo society. In short, the changes in religious life carried out by white people bring enlightenment and positive life changes for Igbo people.
BEHAVIORISM IN AYU UTAMI’S NOVEL SAMAN Yuni Akrama; M. Manugeren; Irma Khoirat
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE Vol 5, No 1: May 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/jol.v5i1.7023

Abstract

Behavior is a series of causes and effects of the stimulus and response. The response occurs as a result of the given stimulus. In this regard, this study aims to dissect changes in the behavior of the major characters through stimulus and responses that occur in Ayu Utami's novel Saman. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with a literary psychology approach supported by Skinner's theory of behaviorism. According to Skinner, the relationship between stimulus and response occurs through interaction with the environment, which then causes changes in behavior. The data collection technique used in this research is library study. The data analysis technique in this research is descriptive qualitative which begins with data analysis, description of the classification results, and conclusions. The results show that the major characters in this novel experience behavioral changes through the perspective of stimulus and response related to two points of discussion: parental advice and love. In one case heeding parental advice brings good to others and in another disaster; so is love, one runs with risk and the other goes smoothly.
Co-Authors Ade Namira Afni Rosalina Alimsyah Alimsyah Burhanuddin Arafah Dea Jesikha Dedi Darmadi Dedi Darmadi Devi Pratiwy Dhitya Anggreni Dinda Femilya Utari Ekalestari, Susi Ely Ezir Feni Aisyah Fifi Safreni Habibi Habibi Haksa Romatua Pohan Hamzah Sya’bani Nasution Ika Wulandari Indra Purnawan Panjaitan Irma Khoirat Irma Khoirot Daulay Iswandi Iswandi Jumino Suhadi, Jumino Kahfiatika Kahfiatika Kandri Kandri Khafifah Aidhana Khairunnisa H. Khairun Nisyak M. Rawi Bintoro Mahlina Sariani Harahap Meliana Siboro Moh. Gusnaldi Putra Muhammad Fauzi Romadhon Marpaung Nanda Aulia Alfarisi Nita Novianda Tanjung Pardi Pardi, Pardi Pindra Ramadani Purwanto Siwi Purwarno, Purwarno Rahmadsyah Rangkuti Rahmadsyah Rangkuti Rizki Nurhidayah Sitompul Sawira Sawira Siti Khairunisah Zalukhu Siti Maharani Sri Wulan Sri Yani Sumarno Sumarno Susi Ekalestari Syarifah Syarifah Wahyu Fatahilla Yuhandri Pane Yuni Akrama