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APRI Profile of Cirrhotic Patients with Positive HBsAg Nadya Husni; Leonita Anniwati; Lina Lukitasari
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Hepatitis B is a viral infection that has the potency to become chronic infection and cause serious complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. One of the tools in diagnosing hepatitis B or cirrhosis and predicting the prognosis is aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the profile of APRI among cirrhotic patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).Method: This research was a descriptive observational study. The number of samples was 35 cirrhotic patients with positive HBsAg in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from January-December 2017.Results: The majority of cirrhotic patients had >1,5 APRI score (48,57%). The most prevalent APRI score in Child A patients for first classification was 0,5 – 1,5 (5,71%) while for second classification was 0,7 – 1,5 (5,71%). The most prevalent APRI score in Child B patients for first classification was 0,5 – 1,5 (17,14%) while for second classification was 0,7 – 1,5 (11,43%). Most of Child C patients had >1,5 APRI score (22,86%). The majority of malignant degeneration patients also had >1,5 APRI score (14,29%).Conclusion: The majority of cirrhotic patients had >1,5 APRI score. In cirrhotic patients with Child A or B classification, the increase of APRI score was not as much as those with Child C or malignant degeneration classification.Keywords: Hepatitis B, cirrhosis, liver, hepatocellular carcinoma, APRI

Serum Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κβ Ligand and Osteoprotegerin Levels and Ratio in Correlation with Bone Mineral Density Fauqa Arinil Aulia; Sri Lestari Utami; Leonita Anniwati; Sony Wibisono Mudjanarko; Ferdy Royland Marpaung
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 27, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1627

Osteoporosis is a disorder represented by manifestations of low bone mass, decreased bone tissue, and disrupted bonemicroarchitecture. The diagnosis of osteoporosis so far has been based on fracture manifestations after minimal trauma orby detecting low Bone Mineral Density (BMD). Measurement of Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κβ Ligand (RANKL)and Osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels has opened the discourse of a more specific assessment of osteoblast and osteoclastregulation. The RANKL/OPG ratio can represent resorption and bone formation more significantly when correlated withBMD features. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between serum RANKL and OPG levels and ratio with BMD. A totalof 58 post-menopausal females from 13 elderly in Integrated Community Health Care Surabaya and Sidoarjo were enrolled.Data were collected by recording age, onset of menarche, onset of menopause, and Body Mass Index (BMI). Serum RANKLand OPG levels were evaluated using sandwich ELISA from Elabscience®. The RANKL/OPG ratio was obtained from the ratiobetween measured RANKL and OPG levels in serum. The proximal femur and lumbar spine BMDs were measured usingHologic® Discovery™ QDR™ Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Pearson's correlation test in this study showed nosignificant correlation between BMD and RANKL levels (lumbar: p=0.203; hip: p=0.283). The insignificant result was alsoshown in the correlation between BMD and OPG levels (lumbar: p=0.412; hip: p=0.617). A significant result between lumbarBMD and RANKL/OPG ratio was only found in the osteopenia subjects (p=0.001). The RANKL/OPG ratio had a significantcorrelation only with osteopenia-BMD in post-menopausal females. Therefore, it could be used as supporting data inosteoporosis screening.

Clinical Gitelman Syndrome with Periodic Paralysis and Anemia Muhammad Saiful Rahman; Leonita Anniwati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 27, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1576

Gitelman syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive, renal tubular salt-wasting disorder characterized by hypokalemia andmetabolic alkalosis combined with hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. A 13-year-old male patient came with acute flaccidparalysis, pain, and weakness in limb muscles. Laboratory results showed hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia,and metabolic alkalosis accompanied by anemia and elevated serum transaminases. An electrocardiogram test showed aprolonged QT wave. Physical examination showed blood pressure 118/68 mmHg; heart rate 95x/minute; respiration rate 262 x/minute; temperature 37.6⁰C, weight 80 kg, height 160 cm, and BMI 31.25 kg/M . Neurological examination weakness inthe lower limb, negative pathological reflex. Hematology examination showed Hb 9.8 g/dL, MCV 82.3 fL, MCH 26.8 pg,MCHC 32.5 g/dl, WBC 16.87x10³/μL, platelets 320 x10 /μL, serum iron 47 mg/dL, TIBC 229 mg/dL, ferritin 38.45 ng/mL.Peripheral blood smear showed hypochromic microcytic anemia. Blood gas pH 7.47; pCO2 39 mmHg; pO2 44 mmHg;HCO3- 28.4 mmol/l; Beecf 4.7 mmol/l; SO2 83%; AaDO2 114; thus supporting metabolic alkalosis. Cortisol level was 11.39ug/dL, ANA test result was positive at 17.2 IU/mL, the complement level was normal, dsDNA antigen was negative. Due tohypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and metabolic alkalosis, this patient was diagnosed with Gitelmansyndrome with anemia. The diagnosis should be confirmed by molecular DNA diagnostic studies to identify mutations ofthe gene encoding the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl-cotransporter.

Correlation between Changes of NT-Pro BNP and HS-Troponin I Level with Cardiotoxicity in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer After Three Cycles of Neoadjuvant CAF Chemotherapy Cicilia Indriaty; Leonita Anniwati; J.Nugroho Eko Putranto; Desak Gede Agung Suprabawati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 26, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v26i1.1352

Chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and fluorouracil (CAF) regiment in patients with locally advanced breast cancer have a risk of cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity examination standards using left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiography are considered insensitive for detection of subclinical ventricular dysfunction. NT-pro BNP and Hs-Troponin I (hs-TnI) as cardiac biomarkers are expected to help detect early cardiotoxicity. This study intended to analyze the correlation between changes of NT-pro BNP and hs-TnI levels with cardiotoxicity in breast cancer after three cycles of chemotherapy.This was a cross-sectional observational study, conducted at the Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The subjects consisted of 23 breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy with CAF regiment. NT-proBNP and hs-TnI examination used CLIA methods (Immulite 1000, ADVIA Centaur TnI-Ultra). Cardiotoxicity based on decreased LVEF to more than 10% of the initial LVEF value using echocardiography. Significant increases in NT pro BNP and hs-TnI levels were obtained before and after treatment (p=0.000, p=0.002). A significant decrease in LVEF was obtained before and after treatment (p=0.000), but only 2 patients (8.7%) showed cardiotoxicity. There was no correlation between changes in NT-pro BNP and hs-TnI levels with changes in LVEF before and after chemotherapy (p=0.666 and r=0.095; p=0.254 and r=-0.28). There was no correlation between changes in NT-pro BNP and hs-TnI levels with cardiotoxicity, which was assessed based on LVEF reduction, in locally advanced breast cancer after three-cycles of chemotherapy with CAF regiment.

Comparison of Concentration Difference between ST2 and NT-Pro BNP Before and After Ace-Inhibitors in NYHA III-IV Hearts Failure Patients Veronika Juanita Maskito; Leonita Anniwati; Aminuddin Aminuddin
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 26, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v26i1.1366

Background: The American Heart Association (2016) stated that at the age of forty the risk of developing heart failure is one in five. Medication is based on clinical signs and symptoms that are often late. Early cardiac markers are required to guide therapy. This study compared the difference between ST2 and NT-ProBNP concentrations before and after ACE inhibitors (ACE-I) in NYHA III-IV heart failure patients.Method: This was a randomized prospective observational study without controls. The respondents were males or females, 21-75 y.o in NYHA III-IV heart failure patients. Twenty-five respondents were appropriate to inclusion criteria. The ST2 was measured by Quantikine®ST2/IL-33R quantitative sandwich ELISA immunoassay while NT-proBNP was measured by Immulite Turbo® 1000.Result: Majority of respondents were males (60%) and had comorbidities(60,7%), consisting of NYHA Class III(36%) and IV(64%). Coronary artery disease and valvular heart disease (40%,36% respectively). Length of stay was 6.4±3.4days. The concentration difference of ST2 and NT-proBNP before and after ACE-I were both significant, however, NT-proBNP was more significant (p=0,001 vs p=0,023). NYHA at admission influenced ST2 difference but not NT-proBNP. NT-proBNP concentration correlated to length of stay while ST2 was not. ST2 had negative correlation with age, no correlation to GFR and weight. NT-proBNP was correlated to weight, negatively correlated to GFR, not correlated to age. ACE-I subtypes difference did not affect the study result.Conclusion: NT-proBNP was a better heart failure cardiac marker than ST2 due to its ability in diagnosis, prognosis and showing more significant difference after ACE-I administration.

CORRELATION BETWEEN ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTIVITY IN PLEURAL FLUID AND SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH PLEURAL EFFUSION Pande Putu Ayu Patria Dewi; Aryati Aryati; Leonita Anniwati; Isnin Anang Marhana
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 24, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v24i2.1321

Pleural effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space resulting from increased production of fluid or decreased resorption of fluid in the pleural space. Pleural effusion can be caused by infectious diseases, malignancies, collagen disease, gastrointestinal disease, heart disease and other causes such as medication. Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme involved in the catabolism of purines. This enzyme can be measured in pleural fluid, serum and other body fluids such as cerebrospinal and ascites fluid. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between adenosine deaminase activity in pleural fluid and serum in patients with pleural effusion. This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. Examination of ADA activity was performed in pleural fluid and serum. Adenosine deaminase activity was examined using photometric methods (Non-Giusti), using Diazyme reagent by TMS 24i Premium. Subjects were 46 patients with pleural effusion caused by malignancies, tuberculosis and systemic diseases. Mean±SD ADA activity for all pleural effusion samples in serum was 13.037± 8.365 (0.5-34.1) U//L and pleural fluid 30.843± 28.860 U//L (1.3-140.8). No correlation between ADA activity in serum and pleural fluid (r=0.173, p= 0.252) was found in all samples. No correlation between ADA activity in serum and pleural fluis was found in malignancies (r=0.109, p=0.630), tuberculosis (r= 0.366, p=0.123), systemic diseases (r =0.466, p=0.429) and non-tuberculosis group (r=0.126, p=0.532). There was no correlation between pleural fluid ADA activity and serum.

MDRD, CKD-Epi and Creatinine Clearance with 24-Hour Urine Collection Results in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Siti Nurul Hapsari; Leonita Anniwati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 27, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1628

Kidney disease is a global public health problem, affecting over 750 million people worldwide. Glomerular Filtration Rate(GFR), which is calculated by measuring the creatinine clearance with 24-hour urine collection (CC) can be inaccurate due toimproper urine collection, causing the need for an easier and accurate method of calculation. This study was anobservational analytical cross-sectional research using consecutive retrospective sampling. Samples were data of patientswith Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who underwent CC test at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the Dr. Soetomo HospitalSurabaya during September-October 2018. Data were compared with the results of Cockcroft-Gault (CG), MDRD, andCKD-Epi formula, and were analyzed using the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired T-test, and Wilcoxon SignedRank test. Correlation of CC results with CG, MDRD, and CKD-Epi results was tested with Spearman's rho and Bland Altmantest. The difference test of CC with CG, MDRD, and CKD-Epi showed results of (p=0.000), (p=0.194), and (p=0.468),respectively. There were significant differences between CC compared to CG, but not MDRD and CKD-Epi. There was amoderate correlation between CG, MDRD, CKD-Epi, and CC with r=0.529; 0.448, and 0.463, respectively. The mostcompatible formula was CKD-Epi. The measurement of GFR with CC correlated with CG, MDRD, and CKD-Epi; therefore, theycould be used as an alternative method to calculate GFR. Further experiments using an exogenous marker should beperformed to determine a suitable eGFR formula according to the degree of damage to the kidney.

Correlation between Changes of NT-Pro BNP and HS-Troponin I Level with Cardiotoxicity in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer After Three Cycles of Neoadjuvant CAF Chemotherapy Cicilia Indriaty; Leonita Anniwati; J.Nugroho Eko Putranto; Desak Gede Agung Suprabawati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v26i1.1352

Chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and fluorouracil (CAF) regiment in patients with locally advanced breast cancer have a risk of cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity examination standards using left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiography are considered insensitive for detection of subclinical ventricular dysfunction. NT-pro BNP and Hs-Troponin I (hs-TnI) as cardiac biomarkers are expected to help detect early cardiotoxicity. This study intended to analyze the correlation between changes of NT-pro BNP and hs-TnI levels with cardiotoxicity in breast cancer after three cycles of chemotherapy.This was a cross-sectional observational study, conducted at the Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The subjects consisted of 23 breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy with CAF regiment. NT-proBNP and hs-TnI examination used CLIA methods (Immulite 1000, ADVIA Centaur TnI-Ultra). Cardiotoxicity based on decreased LVEF to more than 10% of the initial LVEF value using echocardiography. Significant increases in NT pro BNP and hs-TnI levels were obtained before and after treatment (p=0.000, p=0.002). A significant decrease in LVEF was obtained before and after treatment (p=0.000), but only 2 patients (8.7%) showed cardiotoxicity. There was no correlation between changes in NT-pro BNP and hs-TnI levels with changes in LVEF before and after chemotherapy (p=0.666 and r=0.095; p=0.254 and r=-0.28). There was no correlation between changes in NT-pro BNP and hs-TnI levels with cardiotoxicity, which was assessed based on LVEF reduction, in locally advanced breast cancer after three-cycles of chemotherapy with CAF regiment.

Comparison of Concentration Difference between ST2 and NT-Pro BNP Before and After Ace-Inhibitors in NYHA III-IV Hearts Failure Patients Veronika Juanita Maskito; Leonita Anniwati; Aminuddin Aminuddin
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 26 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v26i1.1366

The American Heart Association (2016) stated that at the age of forty the risk of developing heart failure is one in five. Medication is based on clinical signs and symptoms that are often late. Early cardiac markers are required to guide therapy. This study compared the difference between ST2 and NT-ProBNP concentrations before and after ACE inhibitors (ACE-I) in NYHA III-IV heart failure patients. This was a randomized prospective observational study without controls. The respondents were males or females, 21-75 y.o in NYHA III-IV heart failure patients. Twenty-five respondents were appropriate to inclusion criteria. The ST2 was measured by Quantikine®ST2/IL-33R quantitative sandwich ELISA immunoassay while NT-proBNP was measured by Immulite Turbo® 1000. Majority of respondents were males (60%) and had comorbidities(60,7%), consisting of NYHA Class III(36%) and IV(64%). Coronary artery disease and valvular heart disease (40%,36% respectively). Length of stay was 6.4±3.4days. The concentration difference of ST2 and NT-proBNP before and after ACE-I were both significant, however, NT-proBNP was more significant (p=0,001 vs p=0,023). NYHA at admission influenced ST2 difference but not NT-proBNP. NT-proBNP concentration correlated to length of stay while ST2 was not. ST2 had negative correlation with age, no correlation to GFR and weight. NT-proBNP was correlated to weight, negatively correlated to GFR, not correlated to age. ACE-I subtypes difference did not affect the study result. NT-proBNP was a better heart failure cardiac marker than ST2 due to its ability in diagnosis, prognosis and showing more significant difference after ACE-I administration.

Clinical Gitelman Syndrome with Periodic Paralysis and Anemia Muhammad Saiful Rahman; Leonita Anniwati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1576

Gitelman syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive, renal tubular salt-wasting disorder characterized by hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis combined with hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. A 13-year-old male patient came with acute flaccid paralysis, pain, and weakness in limb muscles. Laboratory results showed hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and metabolic alkalosis accompanied by anemia and elevated serum transaminases. An electrocardiogram test showed a prolonged QT wave. Physical examination showed blood pressure 118/68 mmHg; heart rate 95x/minute; respiration rate 26 2 x/minute; temperature 37.6â°C, weight 80 kg, height 160 cm, and BMI 31.25 kg/M. Neurological examination weakness in the lower limb, negative pathological reflex. Hematology examination showed Hb 9.8 g/dL, MCV 82.3 fL, MCH 26.8 pg, MCHC 32.5 g/dl, WBC 16.87x10³/Î¼L, platelets 320 x10 / Î¼L, serum iron 47 mg/dL, TIBC 229 mg/dL, ferritin 38.45 ng/mL. Peripheral blood smear showed hypochromic microcytic anemia. Blood gas pH 7.47; pCO2 39 mmHg; pO2 44 mmHg; HCO3- 28.4 mmol/l; Beecf 4.7 mmol/l; SO2 83%; AaDO2 114; thus supporting metabolic alkalosis. Cortisol level was 11.39 ug/dL, ANA test result was positive at 17.2 IU/mL, the complement level was normal, dsDNA antigen was negative. Due to hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and metabolic alkalosis, this patient was diagnosed with Gitelman syndrome with anemia. The diagnosis should be confirmed by molecular DNA diagnostic studies to identify mutations of the gene encoding the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl-cotransporter.

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