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Penggunaan Gliocompost untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Layu Fusarium dan Meningkatkan Produktivitas Bunga Krisan Potong Nuryani, Wakiah; Yusuf, Evy Silvia; Rahardjo, Indiarto Budi; Djatnika, Ika
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 22, No 3 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

ABSTRAK. Layu Fusarium yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. f. sp. tacheiphillum merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman krisan. Penyakit ini sulit dikendalikan karena patogennya bersifat tular tanah. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui peranan  penggunaan Gliocompost dalam upaya mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik dan pupuk kimia yang berlebih tetapi murah, efektif, ramah lingkungan, dan dapat meningkatkan kualitas serta hasil bunga potong krisan. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung dan Rumah Plastik  Kelompok Tani Sekar Poncokusumo,  Malang – Jawa Timur (850 m dpl.), mulai Bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2010. Penelitian menggunakan  rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan.  Perlakuan terdiri atas delapan paket  yaitu: (A)  pupuk kandang sapi (organik) setara 50 t/ha (cara Poncokusumo); (B) pupuk kimia sintetik sesuai  SOP  (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, dan 350 kg/ha ZK); (C) pupuk  kandang sapi (organik) sesuai SOP (30 t/ha) + pupuk kimia sintetik sesuai SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, dan 350 kg/ha ZK); (D) Gliocompost (4 t/ha); (E) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + pupuk kimia sintetik sesuai SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, dan 350 kg/ha ZK ); (F) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + cara Poncokusumo (100%), yaitu pupuk kimia sintetik ( 200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, dan 350 kg/ha ZK) + fungisida (piraklostrobin 250 g/l dan azoksistrobin 200 g/l + difenokonazol 125 g/l); (G) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + cara Poncokusumo (50%), yaitu pupuk kimia sintetik (100 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, dan 175 kg/ha ZK) + fungisida (piraklostrobin 125 g/l dan azoksistrobin 100 g/l + difenokonazol 62,5 g/l); dan (H) kontrol negatif (tanpa menggunakan pupuk dan fungisida). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa paket penggabungan antara Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + cara Poncokusumo (50%), yaitu pupuk kimia sintetik  (100 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, dan 175 kg/ha ZK) + fungisida (piraklostrobin 125 g/l dan azoksistrobin 100 g/l + difenokonazol 62,5 g/l), merupakan teknik pengendalian yang paling efektif dapat mengurangi penggunaan pupuk kimia serta pestisida sintetik masing-masing 50%. Aplikasi Gliocompost dapat mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik dan pupuk anorganik sebesar 50%. Selain itu perlakuan Gliocompost dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman, produksi, dan lama kesegaran bunga potong pada suhu ruangan. ABSTRACT. Nuryani, W, Silvia Yusuf, E, Rahardjo, IB, and Djatnika, I 2012. The Use of Gliocompost for Control Fusarium wilt Disease and Increasing Productivity of Chrysanthemum Cut Flower. Fusarium wilt  caused by Fusarium oxysporum. f. sp. tacheiphillum is one of the important disease on chrysanthemum plant. The disease is difficult to control because the pathogen is a soil borne disease. This study was aimed to identify the role of the use of Gliocompost in an effort to reduce using of synthetic pesticides and chemical fertilizers were excessive but cheap, effective, environmentally friendly, and improve quality and yield of chrysanthemum cut flower. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Indonesian Ornamental Plant Research Institute and Sekar Farmers Group Plastichouse Poncokusumo, Malang - East Java (850 m asl.), from January to December 2010. The study was used a randomized block design which three replications. The treatment consisted of eight packages, that is: (A) cow manure (organic) equivalent of 50 t/ha (Poncokusumo ways), (B) synthetic chemical fertilizers according to SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, and 350 kg/ha ZK), (C) cow manure (organic) in accordance with SOP (30 t/ha) + synthetic chemical fertilizers according to SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, and 350 kg/ha ZK), (D) Gliocompost (4 t/ha), (E) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + synthetic chemical fertilizers according to SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, and 350 kg/ha ZK), (F) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + Poncokusumo ways (100%), a synthetic chemical fertilizer (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, and 350 kg/ha ZK) + fungicide (pyraclostrobin 250 g/l and azocsistrobin 200 g/l + difenokonazol 125 g/l), (G) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + Poncokusumo ways (50%), a synthetic chemical fertilizer (100 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, and 175 kg/ha ZK) + fungicide (pyraclostrobin 125 g/l and azocsistrobin 100 g/l + difenokonazol 62.5 g/l), and (H) negative control (without fertilizer and fungicides). The results showed that combination package between Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + Poncokusumo ways (50%), synthetic chemical fertilizers (100 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, and 175 kg/ha ZK) + fungicide (pyraclostrobin 125 g/l and azocsistrobin 100 g/l + difenokonazol 62.5 g/l), was the most effective control techniques and could reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides 50% respectively. Gliocompost application could reduce the use of synthetic pesticides and inorganic fertilizers by 50%. However, application of Gliocompost also could increase plant growth, production, and long freshness of cut flowers at room temperature.
Pengaruh Formula Pupuk dan Jarak Tanam terhadap Hasil dan Kualitas Bunga Mawar Potong Tedjasarwana, Rahayu; Rahardjo, Indiarto Budi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 19, No 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Formula pupuk yang dipergunakan pada tanaman mawar di Indonesia perlu dikembangkan. Tujuanpenelitian untuk mengetahui formula pupuk yang sesuai bagi mawar potong pada beberapa jarak tanaman. Percobaandilaksanakan di dalam Rumah Plastik Kebun Percobaan Segunung, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, di Desa CiherangCipanas, Pacet, Cianjur, Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 1.100 m dpl. pada bulan September 2003 - Januari 2004. Percobaanmenggunakan rancangan petak terpisah dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama adalah formula pupuk yaitu komersial (JORO),Cipanas A1, dan Cipanas A2. Anak petak terdiri dari jarak tanam 30x30 cm, 30x20 cm, 30x15 cm, 40x20 cm, dan40x15 cm. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa panjang tangkai bunga tertinggi (63,33 cm) dan produksi bungatertinggi (46,31 tangkai/petak) diperoleh pada jarak tanam rapat (30x15 cm). Jumlah petal bunga tertinggi (44,27petal/kuntum) diperoleh pada jarak tanam terlonggar (30x30 cm) yang sama dengan jarak tanam terapat (30x15 cm)sebesar 40,53 petal/kuntum. Lama kesegaran bunga tertinggi (4,77 hari) diperoleh pada jarak tanam 40x20 cm yangsama dengan jarak tanam lainnya, kecuali pada jarak tanam terlonggar (30x30 cm) lama kesegaran bunganya terendah(4,33 hari). Formula pupuk komersial, Cipanas A1 dan Cipanas A2 yang diuji menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbedanyata. Oleh karena itu formula pupuk Cipanas A1 dan Cipanas A2 dapat sebagai pengganti formula pupuk komersial.Hasil penelitian ini dapat dipergunakan pengusaha dan petani bunga mawar potong untuk meramu pupuk–pupukyang diteliti secara tunggal menjadi 1 formula pupuk yang lengkapABSTRACT. Tejasarwana R. and I.B. Rahardjo. 2009. The Effect of Fertilizer Formulae and Plant Spacing onthe Yield and Quality of Rose Cut Flower. Fertilizer formulae for rose cultivation in Indonesia need to be developed.The objective of the experiment was to find out appropriate fertilizer formulae and plant spacing for rose cut flower.The experiment was conducted in Plastichouse at Segunung Field Trial of Indonesian Ornamental Crops ResearchInstitute, Cianjur, West Java (elevation 1,100 m asl.) from September 2003 to January 2004. Split-plot design with3 replications was used. The main plot was fertilizer formulae, i.e commercial (JORO), Cipanas A1, and Cipanas A2.While the subplot was plant spacing, i.e. 30x30 cm, 30x20 cm, 30x15 cm, 40x20 cm, and 40x15 cm. Results of theexperiment showed that the longest flower stalk (63.33 cm) and the highest flower production (46.31 stalks/plot)were obtained from plant spacing 30 x15 cm. The highest petal number/flower (44.27 petals/flower) were obtainedfrom plant spacing 30x30 cm that was similar with plant spacing 30x15 cm (40.53 petals/flower). The longest flowervaselife (4.77 days) was obtained from plant spacing 40x20 cm that was same with other treatments, except on spacingof 30x30 cm of having flower vase life the lowest (4.33 days). Fertilizer formulae of commercial, Cipanas A1, andCipanas A2 showed no significant different. Therefore fertilizer formulae of Cipanas A1 and Cipanas A2 could be usedas substitution for commercial fertilizer formulae. This result can be used by businessman and farmer to formulatethe fertilizer that have been studied singly to become a complete fertilizer formulae
Pengaruh Beberapa Ekstrak Tanaman terhadap Bercak Hitam dan Embun Tepung pada Tanaman Mawar Varietas Pertiwi Rahardjo, Indiarto Budi; Suhardi, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 4 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

ABSTRAK. Kendala pada budidaya tanaman mawar di antaranya adalah penyakit tanaman, seperti penyakit bercak hitam dan embun tepung.  Salah satu alternatif pengendalian penyakit tanaman adalah penggunaan fungisida botani. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak tanaman terhadap bercak hitam (Marssonina rosae) dan embun tepung (Oidium sp.) pada tanaman mawar. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Segunung (1.100 m dpl.), dari bulan April 2002 sampai Maret 2003. Perlakuan penelitian ini adalah kontrol (tanpa perlakuan), kencur (Kaempferia galanga), arang sekam, temu lawak (Curcuma xanthorriza), nyiri (Xylocarpus granatum), nimba (Azadirachta indica), kunyit (Curcuma domestica), temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria), temu hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa), jahe (Zingiber officinale), pinang (Areca catechu), bratawali (Tinospora tuberculata), teh (Thea sinensis), pinus (Pinus merkusii), onje (Phaeomeria speciosa), dan lengkuas (Languas galanga). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan diulang 5 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak tanaman yang efektif terhadap bercak hitam sebelum terjadinya infeksi adalah arang sekam, daun teh, jahe, kencur, temu lawak, daun nyiri, daun nimba, dan temu hitam. Ekstrak tanaman yang efektif dapat menurunkan intensitas serangan embun tepung adalah daun nimba, temu hitam, jahe, onje, teh, kencur, dan lengkuas. Perlu ada uji lanjut efikasi ekstrak tanaman terhadap bercak hitam dan embun tepung pada tanaman mawar.ABSTRACT. Rahardjo, I.B. and Suhardi. 2008 The Effect of Several Plant Extracts on Black Spot and Powdery Mildew of Rose Pertiwi Variety. One of the constraints on rose plant cultivation was disease infection, especially black spot and powdery mildew. The alternatives to control the diseases was the use of botanic fungicide. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effffectiveness of plant extracts to control black spot (Marssonina rosae) and powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) on rose. The experiment was conducted in the Greenhouse of Indonesian Ornamental Plant Research Institute (1,100 m asl.), from April 2002 to March 2003. The treatments were control (no treatment), galingale (Kaempferia galanga), rice coal, wild ginger (Curcuma xanthorriza), Xylocarpus granatum, neem (Azadirachta indica), turmeric (Curcuma domestica), Curcuma zedoaria, Curcuma aeruginosa, ginger (Zingiber officinale), areca nut (Areca catechu), Tinospora tuberculata, tea (Thea sinensis), pinus (Pinus merkusii), torch ginger (Phaeomeria speciosa), and galanga (Languas galanga). A complete randomized design with 5 replications were used. The results of the experiment showed that plant extracts which effffective to control black spot before infection occured were rice husk charcoal, tea leaves, ginger, galingale, wild ginger, Xylocarpus granatum, neem leaves, and Curcuma aeruginosa. While plant extracts which effffectively decreased powdery mildew intensity were neem leaves, Curcuma aeruginosa, ginger, torch ginger, tea, galingale, and galanga. Futher study is needed to verify the efficacy of plant extract to control black spot and powdery mildew on roses.
Proteksi Silang untuk Pengendalian Virus Mosaik Mentimun pada Krisan Rahardjo, Indiarto Budi; Muharam, Agus; Sulyo, Yoyo
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 2 (2005): Juni 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Salah satu virus yang menyerang tanaman krisan adalah CMV. Alternatif pengendalian CMV pada krisan adalah menggunakan vaksin CARNA 5. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui teknik aplikasi vaksin yang paling efektif dalam memproteksi CMV pada krisan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Virologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Segunung dari bulan Januari sampai Desember 2001. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok tiga ulangan dengan delapan perlakuan, yaitu (1) penyambungan, (2) inokulasi mekanis vaksin CARNA 5 dengan konsentrasi 5 μg/ml, (3) inokulasi mekanis vaksin CARNA 5 dengan konsentrasi 15 μg/ml, (4) inokulasi mekanis vaksin CARNA 5 dengan konsentrasi 20 μg/ml, (5) inokulasi mekanis vaksin CARNA 5 dengan konsentrasi 25 μg/ml, (6) melalui serangga (kutu daun), dan (7) tanaman krisan sehat (kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman krisan yang diberi vaksin pada berbagai cara aplikasi tidak menunjukkan gejala mosaik. Warna bunga pada semua perlakuan tidak menampakkan gejala pecah warna.Cross protection for controling cucumber mosaic virus on chrysanthemum. One of the virus that attack chrysanthemum is CMV. The alternative of CMV control on plant is the use of vaccine CARNA 5. The objective of the experiment was to find out the application technique of vaccine for CMV protection on chrysanthemum. The experiment was conducted in Virology Laboratory of Indonesia Ornamental Plant Research Institute in Segunung from January to December 2001. RCBD with eight treatments and three replications were used. The treatments were grafting; mechanical inoculation of CARNA 5 with concentration 5 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, 15 μg/ml, 20 μg/ml, and 25 μg/ml; through vector (aphid), and healthy chrysanthemum plant (control). The results of the experiment showed that chrysanthemum treated with various vaccine application techniques did not show mosaic symptoms. The quality of flower color showed that all treatments did not cause color breaking.
Studi Pembuatan Antiserum Poliklonal untuk Deteksi Cepat Virus Mosaik Mentimun pada Krisan Rahardjo, Indiarto Budi; Muharam, Agus; Sulyo, Yoyo
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 2 (2005): Juni 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticultural Research and Development

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Abstract

Virus mosaik mentimun merupakan salah satu patogen penting pada berbagai tanaman hortikultura, termasuk tanaman krisan. Untuk mengetahui secara dini infeksi virus pada tanaman, maka perlu dikembangkan metode deteksi cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan antiserum poliklonal untuk deteksi cepat virus mosaik mentimun pada krisan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Virologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Segunung dari bulan April sampai Desember 2000. Antiserum terhadap CMV pada tanaman krisan telah dihasilkan dengan cara penyuntikan virus murni CMV pada kelinci dengan konsentrasi setiap penyuntikan sebesar 1 mg/ml. Antiserum yang diuji terdiri dari enam periode pengambilan darah. Pengujian menggunakan metode ELISA tidak langsung. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa dari enam kali pengambilan darah ternyata bereaksi positif, yaitu dengan adanya konsentrasi antibodi dalam darah meningkat. Antiserum juga dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi langsung terhadap ekstrak daun krisan yang terinfeksi CMV. Kepekaan antiserum tertinggi pada pengambilan darah ke empat dan ke enam dengan konsentrasi 1/100 dan 1/500 terhadap pengenceran sampel 1/10 dan 1/100. Study on developing of polyclonal antiserum for rapid detection of cucumber mosaic virus on chrysanthemum. Cucumber mosaic virus is one the major pathogens on some horticulture crops, including chrysanthemum. A rapid detection method should be developed to support the evaluation of initial infection of the virus in plants. The objective of this experiment was to obtain polyclonal antiserum to CMV on chrysanthemum for rapid detection. The experiment was conducted in Virology Laboratory of Indonesian Ornamental Plants Institute in Segunung from April to December 2000. A polyclonal CMV antiserum had been produced by injections of purified CMV into rabbits with concentration 1 mg/ml each injections. The antiserum from six bleeding periods were tested. An indirect ELISA method was used to determine the sensitivity of the antiserum. Results indicated that six bleeding periods had positive reaction, with concentration of the virus antibodies increased gradually from the first to the sixth bleedings. The antiserum can also be directly used to detect CMV from infected chrysanthemum plants. The highest antiserum sensitivity were the fourth and sixth bleedings with concentration 1/100 and 1/500 to sample dilution 1/10 and 1/100.
Pengaruh Beberapa Ekstrak Tanaman terhadap Bercak Hitam dan Embun Tepung pada Tanaman Mawar Varietas Pertiwi Rahardjo, Indiarto Budi; Suhardi, -
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 18, No 4 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v18n4.2008.p%p

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Kendala pada budidaya tanaman mawar di antaranya adalah penyakit tanaman, seperti penyakit bercak hitam dan embun tepung.  Salah satu alternatif pengendalian penyakit tanaman adalah penggunaan fungisida botani. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak tanaman terhadap bercak hitam (Marssonina rosae) dan embun tepung (Oidium sp.) pada tanaman mawar. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Segunung (1.100 m dpl.), dari bulan April 2002 sampai Maret 2003. Perlakuan penelitian ini adalah kontrol (tanpa perlakuan), kencur (Kaempferia galanga), arang sekam, temu lawak (Curcuma xanthorriza), nyiri (Xylocarpus granatum), nimba (Azadirachta indica), kunyit (Curcuma domestica), temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria), temu hitam (Curcuma aeruginosa), jahe (Zingiber officinale), pinang (Areca catechu), bratawali (Tinospora tuberculata), teh (Thea sinensis), pinus (Pinus merkusii), onje (Phaeomeria speciosa), dan lengkuas (Languas galanga). Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan diulang 5 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak tanaman yang efektif terhadap bercak hitam sebelum terjadinya infeksi adalah arang sekam, daun teh, jahe, kencur, temu lawak, daun nyiri, daun nimba, dan temu hitam. Ekstrak tanaman yang efektif dapat menurunkan intensitas serangan embun tepung adalah daun nimba, temu hitam, jahe, onje, teh, kencur, dan lengkuas. Perlu ada uji lanjut efikasi ekstrak tanaman terhadap bercak hitam dan embun tepung pada tanaman mawar.ABSTRACT. Rahardjo, I.B. and Suhardi. 2008 The Effect of Several Plant Extracts on Black Spot and Powdery Mildew of Rose Pertiwi Variety. One of the constraints on rose plant cultivation was disease infection, especially black spot and powdery mildew. The alternatives to control the diseases was the use of botanic fungicide. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effffectiveness of plant extracts to control black spot (Marssonina rosae) and powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) on rose. The experiment was conducted in the Greenhouse of Indonesian Ornamental Plant Research Institute (1,100 m asl.), from April 2002 to March 2003. The treatments were control (no treatment), galingale (Kaempferia galanga), rice coal, wild ginger (Curcuma xanthorriza), Xylocarpus granatum, neem (Azadirachta indica), turmeric (Curcuma domestica), Curcuma zedoaria, Curcuma aeruginosa, ginger (Zingiber officinale), areca nut (Areca catechu), Tinospora tuberculata, tea (Thea sinensis), pinus (Pinus merkusii), torch ginger (Phaeomeria speciosa), and galanga (Languas galanga). A complete randomized design with 5 replications were used. The results of the experiment showed that plant extracts which effffective to control black spot before infection occured were rice husk charcoal, tea leaves, ginger, galingale, wild ginger, Xylocarpus granatum, neem leaves, and Curcuma aeruginosa. While plant extracts which effffectively decreased powdery mildew intensity were neem leaves, Curcuma aeruginosa, ginger, torch ginger, tea, galingale, and galanga. Futher study is needed to verify the efficacy of plant extract to control black spot and powdery mildew on roses.
Studi Pembuatan Antiserum Poliklonal untuk Deteksi Cepat Virus Mosaik Mentimun pada Krisan Indiarto Budi Rahardjo; Agus Muharam; Yoyo Sulyo
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 2 (2005): Juni 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v15n2.2005.p%p

Abstract

Virus mosaik mentimun merupakan salah satu patogen penting pada berbagai tanaman hortikultura, termasuk tanaman krisan. Untuk mengetahui secara dini infeksi virus pada tanaman, maka perlu dikembangkan metode deteksi cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan antiserum poliklonal untuk deteksi cepat virus mosaik mentimun pada krisan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Virologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Segunung dari bulan April sampai Desember 2000. Antiserum terhadap CMV pada tanaman krisan telah dihasilkan dengan cara penyuntikan virus murni CMV pada kelinci dengan konsentrasi setiap penyuntikan sebesar 1 mg/ml. Antiserum yang diuji terdiri dari enam periode pengambilan darah. Pengujian menggunakan metode ELISA tidak langsung. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa dari enam kali pengambilan darah ternyata bereaksi positif, yaitu dengan adanya konsentrasi antibodi dalam darah meningkat. Antiserum juga dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi langsung terhadap ekstrak daun krisan yang terinfeksi CMV. Kepekaan antiserum tertinggi pada pengambilan darah ke empat dan ke enam dengan konsentrasi 1/100 dan 1/500 terhadap pengenceran sampel 1/10 dan 1/100. Study on developing of polyclonal antiserum for rapid detection of cucumber mosaic virus on chrysanthemum. Cucumber mosaic virus is one the major pathogens on some horticulture crops, including chrysanthemum. A rapid detection method should be developed to support the evaluation of initial infection of the virus in plants. The objective of this experiment was to obtain polyclonal antiserum to CMV on chrysanthemum for rapid detection. The experiment was conducted in Virology Laboratory of Indonesian Ornamental Plants Institute in Segunung from April to December 2000. A polyclonal CMV antiserum had been produced by injections of purified CMV into rabbits with concentration 1 mg/ml each injections. The antiserum from six bleeding periods were tested. An indirect ELISA method was used to determine the sensitivity of the antiserum. Results indicated that six bleeding periods had positive reaction, with concentration of the virus antibodies increased gradually from the first to the sixth bleedings. The antiserum can also be directly used to detect CMV from infected chrysanthemum plants. The highest antiserum sensitivity were the fourth and sixth bleedings with concentration 1/100 and 1/500 to sample dilution 1/10 and 1/100.
Penggunaan Gliocompost untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Layu Fusarium dan Meningkatkan Produktivitas Bunga Krisan Potong Wakiah Nuryani; Evy Silvia Yusuf; Indiarto Budi Rahardjo; Ika Djatnika
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 22, No 3 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v22n3.2012.p285-291

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Layu Fusarium yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. f. sp. tacheiphillum merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman krisan. Penyakit ini sulit dikendalikan karena patogennya bersifat tular tanah. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui peranan  penggunaan Gliocompost dalam upaya mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik dan pupuk kimia yang berlebih tetapi murah, efektif, ramah lingkungan, dan dapat meningkatkan kualitas serta hasil bunga potong krisan. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung dan Rumah Plastik  Kelompok Tani Sekar Poncokusumo,  Malang – Jawa Timur (850 m dpl.), mulai Bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2010. Penelitian menggunakan  rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan.  Perlakuan terdiri atas delapan paket  yaitu: (A)  pupuk kandang sapi (organik) setara 50 t/ha (cara Poncokusumo); (B) pupuk kimia sintetik sesuai  SOP  (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, dan 350 kg/ha ZK); (C) pupuk  kandang sapi (organik) sesuai SOP (30 t/ha) + pupuk kimia sintetik sesuai SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, dan 350 kg/ha ZK); (D) Gliocompost (4 t/ha); (E) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + pupuk kimia sintetik sesuai SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, dan 350 kg/ha ZK ); (F) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + cara Poncokusumo (100%), yaitu pupuk kimia sintetik ( 200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, dan 350 kg/ha ZK) + fungisida (piraklostrobin 250 g/l dan azoksistrobin 200 g/l + difenokonazol 125 g/l); (G) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + cara Poncokusumo (50%), yaitu pupuk kimia sintetik (100 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, dan 175 kg/ha ZK) + fungisida (piraklostrobin 125 g/l dan azoksistrobin 100 g/l + difenokonazol 62,5 g/l); dan (H) kontrol negatif (tanpa menggunakan pupuk dan fungisida). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa paket penggabungan antara Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + cara Poncokusumo (50%), yaitu pupuk kimia sintetik  (100 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, dan 175 kg/ha ZK) + fungisida (piraklostrobin 125 g/l dan azoksistrobin 100 g/l + difenokonazol 62,5 g/l), merupakan teknik pengendalian yang paling efektif dapat mengurangi penggunaan pupuk kimia serta pestisida sintetik masing-masing 50%. Aplikasi Gliocompost dapat mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik dan pupuk anorganik sebesar 50%. Selain itu perlakuan Gliocompost dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman, produksi, dan lama kesegaran bunga potong pada suhu ruangan. ABSTRACT. Nuryani, W, Silvia Yusuf, E, Rahardjo, IB, and Djatnika, I 2012. The Use of Gliocompost for Control Fusarium wilt Disease and Increasing Productivity of Chrysanthemum Cut Flower. Fusarium wilt  caused by Fusarium oxysporum. f. sp. tacheiphillum is one of the important disease on chrysanthemum plant. The disease is difficult to control because the pathogen is a soil borne disease. This study was aimed to identify the role of the use of Gliocompost in an effort to reduce using of synthetic pesticides and chemical fertilizers were excessive but cheap, effective, environmentally friendly, and improve quality and yield of chrysanthemum cut flower. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Indonesian Ornamental Plant Research Institute and Sekar Farmers Group Plastichouse Poncokusumo, Malang - East Java (850 m asl.), from January to December 2010. The study was used a randomized block design which three replications. The treatment consisted of eight packages, that is: (A) cow manure (organic) equivalent of 50 t/ha (Poncokusumo ways), (B) synthetic chemical fertilizers according to SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, and 350 kg/ha ZK), (C) cow manure (organic) in accordance with SOP (30 t/ha) + synthetic chemical fertilizers according to SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, and 350 kg/ha ZK), (D) Gliocompost (4 t/ha), (E) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + synthetic chemical fertilizers according to SOP (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, and 350 kg/ha ZK), (F) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + Poncokusumo ways (100%), a synthetic chemical fertilizer (200 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP-36, and 350 kg/ha ZK) + fungicide (pyraclostrobin 250 g/l and azocsistrobin 200 g/l + difenokonazol 125 g/l), (G) Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + Poncokusumo ways (50%), a synthetic chemical fertilizer (100 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, and 175 kg/ha ZK) + fungicide (pyraclostrobin 125 g/l and azocsistrobin 100 g/l + difenokonazol 62.5 g/l), and (H) negative control (without fertilizer and fungicides). The results showed that combination package between Gliocompost (4 t/ha) + Poncokusumo ways (50%), synthetic chemical fertilizers (100 kg/ha Urea, 150 kg/ha SP-36, and 175 kg/ha ZK) + fungicide (pyraclostrobin 125 g/l and azocsistrobin 100 g/l + difenokonazol 62.5 g/l), was the most effective control techniques and could reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and synthetic pesticides 50% respectively. Gliocompost application could reduce the use of synthetic pesticides and inorganic fertilizers by 50%. However, application of Gliocompost also could increase plant growth, production, and long freshness of cut flowers at room temperature.
Proteksi Silang untuk Pengendalian Virus Mosaik Mentimun pada Krisan Indiarto Budi Rahardjo; Agus Muharam; Yoyo Sulyo
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 15, No 2 (2005): Juni 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v15n2.2005.p%p

Abstract

Salah satu virus yang menyerang tanaman krisan adalah CMV. Alternatif pengendalian CMV pada krisan adalah menggunakan vaksin CARNA 5. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui teknik aplikasi vaksin yang paling efektif dalam memproteksi CMV pada krisan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Virologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias, Segunung dari bulan Januari sampai Desember 2001. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok tiga ulangan dengan delapan perlakuan, yaitu (1) penyambungan, (2) inokulasi mekanis vaksin CARNA 5 dengan konsentrasi 5 μg/ml, (3) inokulasi mekanis vaksin CARNA 5 dengan konsentrasi 15 μg/ml, (4) inokulasi mekanis vaksin CARNA 5 dengan konsentrasi 20 μg/ml, (5) inokulasi mekanis vaksin CARNA 5 dengan konsentrasi 25 μg/ml, (6) melalui serangga (kutu daun), dan (7) tanaman krisan sehat (kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman krisan yang diberi vaksin pada berbagai cara aplikasi tidak menunjukkan gejala mosaik. Warna bunga pada semua perlakuan tidak menampakkan gejala pecah warna.Cross protection for controling cucumber mosaic virus on chrysanthemum. One of the virus that attack chrysanthemum is CMV. The alternative of CMV control on plant is the use of vaccine CARNA 5. The objective of the experiment was to find out the application technique of vaccine for CMV protection on chrysanthemum. The experiment was conducted in Virology Laboratory of Indonesia Ornamental Plant Research Institute in Segunung from January to December 2001. RCBD with eight treatments and three replications were used. The treatments were grafting; mechanical inoculation of CARNA 5 with concentration 5 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, 15 μg/ml, 20 μg/ml, and 25 μg/ml; through vector (aphid), and healthy chrysanthemum plant (control). The results of the experiment showed that chrysanthemum treated with various vaccine application techniques did not show mosaic symptoms. The quality of flower color showed that all treatments did not cause color breaking.
Co-Authors - Suhardi Agus Muharam Agus Muharam Evy Silvia Yusuf Ika Djatnika Ika Djatnika Rahayu Tedjasarwana Wakiah Nuryani Wakiah Nuryani Yoyo Sulyo Yoyo Sulyo