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All Journal MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL Research Report - Engineering Science Jurnal Teknik Sipil Teras Jurnal Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum U Karst JMTS: Jurnal Mitra Teknik Sipil Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Cantilever: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Bidang Teknik Sipil Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Indonesian Geotechnical Journal
Paulus Pramono Rahardjo
Department Of Civil Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, Parahyangan Catholic University
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Transportation

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Repair Performance Landslide and Slope Using Bore pile and Ground Anchor on Cipali Toll Road Km 103 Akhmudiyanto Akhmudiyanto; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo; Rinda Karlinasari
U Karst Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Kadiri University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30737/ukarst.v5i2.1583

Abstract

One of the causes of on-road collapse slopes is traffic load. Slope failure by road loads usually occurs due to several factors such as soil type, rainfall, land use. This study aims to determine landslide and slope repair performance using bore pile and ground anchor on Cipali Toll Road KM 103. The research method used in this study is the Finite element method. In this research, data collection, modeling parameter determination, slope stability analysis, slope reinforcement analysis, and reinforcement design were carried out with variations in bore pile and ground anchor dimensions. The software program used is a finite element program in the form of PLAXIS to analyze slope stability and estimate the slope failure area. The result of the study is that the R-Value inter is 0.25 with a 1.0341 safety factor. Best repair performance obtained from the addition of reinforcement with ground anchor 2 layer on bore pile 2 with a distance of 2 meters increased the safety factor to 1,913; Borepile capacity calculation with the calculation of normal force and moment iteration, the largest occurs in the DPT (Retaining Wall) stage with a normal load of -37.9 and a moment force of -471.15 which is still able to be borne by bore pile 1. The result of this study is expected to be benchmark and repair material to improve slope stability at km 103 Tol Cipali
Load Transfer On Bored Pile Foundation Instrumented With Fiber Optic And Concrete Quality Analysis Kevin Martandi Setianto; Cecilia Lauw Giok Swan; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo
U Karst Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Kadiri University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30737/ukarst.v5i2.1584

Abstract

The problem in the construction method of the bored pile is the contamination of mud or the other contaminant that can cause the modulus of elasticity of concrete to decrease. This research determines the modulus of concrete on a bored pile foundation instrumented with fiber-optic (FO) with a manual calculation based on strain data during loading test, validated with the results of research in the laboratory and numerical analysis. Fiber optic was used to measure the strain along with the pile during the loading test. The bored pile foundation is divided into 12 segments with the same strain characteristics, and then the modulus value is calculated. The result is the modulus value of each segment is different, and the value of the modulus changes along with the increase in strain; the modulus will decrease as the strain increases. This differs from the theory that the modulus has a fixed value approximated by empirical equations. Made a cylindrical concrete sample on both sides, which installed a FO to record the strain during the loading test. The result is true that the modulus is not constant but decreases as the strain increases. It is shown in the result of analysis to fiber-optic measurement data. Created a model in Plaxis2D for validation, and the results are not much different from the manual calculation.
Investigation of Twin Tunnel Deformation with Umbrella Grouting Protection & NATM Tunneling using 3D Finite Element: Case Study Cisumdawu Tunnel Wellyanto Wijaya; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo; Aswin Lim
U Karst Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Kadiri University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30737/ukarst.v5i2.1977

Abstract

Cisumdawu Tunnel is a twin tunnel 472 m long located in Sumedang. Twin tunnel construction can cause additional ground settlement and tunnel deformation. The tunnel construction method used is the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) and umbrella grouting protection system. The principle of NATM is to maximize surrounding soil capacity to support its weight and balance the stresses around the tunnel. Investigation of tunnel deformation is important to know tunnel structure behavior and avoid possible failure. This research aims to know tunnel deformation and the effect of twin tunnel construction on the deformation and ground settlement. The data used such as tunnel geometry, monitoring data, pressuremeter test, and the drilling test. The 3D analysis will be performed for a single tunnel and twin tunnel using Midas GTS-NX, and monitoring data will be used for verification analysis. The 3D FEM help to model the soil condition and construction stage according to the actual condition. The analysis results show the maximum tunnel deformation that occurs from the beginning of the tunnel construction is 12.64cm. If the deformation starts to be calculated following the monitoring reading time, after the excavation at the monitoring point, the maximum deformation of the analysis results is 3.3&4.4cm, where the monitoring shows maximum deformation of 3.3&4.3cm. Through the results, it can be said that the analysis using 3D FEM with pressuremeter test parameter represents actual conditions. Twin tunnel construction side-by-side increases ground settlement and lateral tunnel deformation significantly. Hence, it shows that tunnel analysis using 3D FEM recommends for future investigation of tunnel deformation.
Evaluating Liquefaction Phenomenon Of Silty Sand Using Piezocone Penetration Test (CPTu) Albert Johan; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo; Budijanto Widjaja
U Karst Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022): APRIL
Publisher : Kadiri University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30737/ukarst.v6i1.2118

Abstract

Most investigations into liquefaction have focused on clean sandy soils, with time, evidence has grown that liquefaction is often associated with silty sand material. Sibalaya Village, which suffered the greatest damage from the Palu-Donggala earthquake, is dominated by silty sand material. Related to this issue, an experimental study is conducted in the laboratory to understand the behavior of excess pore pressure and the strength of the saturated silty sand under dynamic loading. The experimental study uses several sets of testing apparatus such as a shake table, chamber, and CPTu. The shake table provides a dynamic load for the soil sample. The chamber allows the field environment to be duplicated in the laboratory. The CPTu measures excess pore pressure and strength of the soil sample. The test results show that liquefaction can occur in silty sand material. However, the fine-grain particles cannot generate the overall pore water pressure in which the pore water pressure ratio can only reach 93% of the initial effective vertical stress. Liquefaction also generates increased pore water pressure and a decrease in soil strength. The increase of dynamic load will result in a shorter liquefaction starting time, and fine content strongly influences the pore water pressure behavior, especially on the rate of pore water pressure dissipation after liquefaction occurs. Therefore, based on this research, it is known that silty sand material can experience liquefaction and can have a longer liquefaction period due to its lower permeability.
Analisis Probabilitas Bahaya Gempa di Ibu Kota Baru Indonesia Rocky Mountainshia; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo; Dega Damara Aditramulyadi
MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL Volume 28, Nomor 2, DESEMBER 2022
Publisher : Department of Civil Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkts.v28i2.44682

Abstract

Efforts to move the Capital of Indonesia to Kalimantan are intended to solve the problem of overpopulation in Jakarta, so it’s possible there are massive infrastructure development in the future. In this study conducted Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) and made an earthquake hazard map that serves to analyze earthquake-resistant buildings for the New Capital of Indonesia. The PSHA and earthquake map was developed for 2% probability exceeded in 50 years or 2500-return period. The results of the analysis on three important periods, comprised of PGA, Ss, and S1 with a return period of 2500 years have higher acceleration at bedrock if performed by GMPE 2017 rather than GMPE 2010 for the period between PGA and 0.1s. Maximum earthquake acceleration on bedrock resulting from the creation of earthquake hazard maps in New Capital of Indonesia for period of PGA, 0.2s, and 1.0s at bedrock for return period of 2500 years is 0.2-0.25g, 0.4-0.5g, and 0-0.15g, respectively. The earthquake threat index in the New Capital of Indonesia is categorized as low according to Indonesia's National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB) regulations (PGA<0.2501g).
The Study of Seismic Hazard in Near-Fault Areas Using Probabilistic and Deterministic Approach Grisella Aglia; Martin Wijaya; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 9 No. 2 (May 2023)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.5469

Abstract

Earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters in Indonesia and usually destroys both high and low-rise buildings as well as triggers liquefaction and Tsunami. This means it is important to provide a robust building design with the ability to resist earthquake load and other induced phenomena. One of the methods commonly used to determine the relevant response spectrum of the bedrock is seismic hazard analysis which can be either Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) or Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis (DSHA). The application of PSHA allows the representation of the response spectrum of an earthquake using the return period, thereby providing the engineers with the flexibility of selecting the appropriate natural period. Meanwhile, DSHA is based on geological observations and empirical data that can be easily understood. This research discussed the greater influence of seismic hazard analysis on the bedrock response spectrum of near-fault areas including Bandung situated at a distance of 12.9 km from Lembang Fault, Palu at 3 km from Palu Fault, and Yogyakarta at 8.5 km from Opak Fault. Moreover, EZFRISK Program was used to generate a response spectrum at bedrock and the results showed that PSHA is consistently more conservative than DSHA. It was also noted that there are significant differences at shorter periods for Palu site but these differences were observed at the natural period between 1s and 2s for Bandung and Yogyakarta sites.
Laboratory Study of Grouting Method to Improve Loose Sand Against Liquefaction Cindarto; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo; Imam Achmad Sadisun
Indonesian Geotechnical Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): Vol.2 , No.2, Agustus 2023
Publisher : Himpunan Ahli Teknik Tanah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56144/igj.v2i2.68

Abstract

Liquefaction is a phenomenon when soil behaves like liquid during earthquake, and only occurs in saturated loose fine sand with grain size ranging from 0.2 to 0.02 mm. Liquefaction can be devastating, causing failure and deformation to buildings, roads, and bridges. Thus, research study on the application of grouting method for improving liquefiable fine sand in the laboratory is carried out. Grouting is a soil improvement method that injects cementing agent into a soil mass. After the grout has solidified, the soil density and consistency of the soil will improve. This research proves, mathematically and experimentally, that grouting can improve the density and consistency of liquefiable sand, thus reducing the liquefaction potential. Grouting liquefiable saturated sand basically compacts the soil, leading to consolidation as soil pore-water is dissipated during the grouting process. It is found that the volume of grout per unit volume of soil mass treated is directly proportional with the reduction of void ratio and increase in soil density.
Shear Strength Characteristics of Calcium Oxide and Guar Gum Treated Loose Petobo Silty Sand Yohanes Albrecht Montol; Aswin Lim; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo
Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS)
Publisher : Yayasan Riset dan Pengembangan Intelektual (YRPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37385/jaets.v5i2.2583

Abstract

This article presents the shear strength characteristics of Petobo Silty Sand which are treated with Calcium Oxide and Guar Gum. The purpose of this experimental works is looking for other binding agents to replace the application of cement which is considered not an environmentally friendly material. The shear strength of treated soils was examined using the direct shear test. Guar gum and Calcium Oxide provides additional cohesion to Petobo silty sand. The cohesion and internal friction angle could increase to about 900 kPa and 47.5°, respectively. The treated sample also shows the dilation behavior in dry conditions. However, after 24 hours soaking period, the soil behavior returned to the contraction behavior. This behavior is unfavorable in the case of the treated sample below the groundwater table. Hence, these two binding agents are effective for dry soil conditions. In addition, Scanning Electron Microscope images of treated silty sand were obtained which aims to examine the microscopic behavior of the fibers and matrices that were formed through the hydration process.
Replacement of Weathered Clay Shale Using Soil Cement for Bridge Approach Embankment in Purwakarta - Indonesia Albert Johan; Andy Sugianto; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo
Indonesian Geotechnical Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2023): Vol. 2, No. 3, December 2023
Publisher : Himpunan Ahli Teknik Tanah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56144/igj.v2i3.58

Abstract

Clay shale is a sensitive soil material that easily experiences weathering if exposed to open air, sunlight, water. Weathered clay shale is commonly located near the surface and has a soft consistency due to surface water infiltration. Referring to this condition, weathered clay shale is prone to experience soil movement if backfill work is conducted on the top side of weathered clay shale material. Therefore, to minimize the potential of soil movement during backfilling, soil replacement using soil cement is recommended to be conducted to gain higher soil shear strength and to prevent excessive water infiltration to the fresh clay shale. To gain further understanding, a comprehensive study about the replacement of weathered clay shale using soil cement for bridge approach embankment in Purwakarta was carried out. This study comprises site observation, field data collection, laboratory test, explanation about implementation and quality control. The stages in implementation of soil cement is carried out in several stages such as : evaluation of soil condition on the project site, checking the suitability of local soil for the soil cement stabilization, conducting field test trial mockup followed by quality control, conducting crumb test and mechanical properties test for soil cement mixture. Based on assessment results, the soil cement mixture shall be directly compacted after the soil cement mixture is homogeneous to prevent segregation and shall be given a curing time of at least 3-7 days without additional water to gain better soil shear strength. Furthermore, according to the crumb test result, soil cement material was identified as quite impermeable which is verified by evidence that there was no significant change in water content and the soil cement sample could still stand firm after soaked for 7 days.
Sheet Pile Failure Caused by Scouring and Sand Mining at Padang River Bank Hansen Tananda; Andy Sugianto; Paulus Pramono Rahardjo
Indonesian Geotechnical Journal Vol. 2 No. 3 (2023): Vol. 2, No. 3, December 2023
Publisher : Himpunan Ahli Teknik Tanah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56144/igj.v2i3.59

Abstract

Ground movement occurred on the banks of the river in Padang which has been protected by steel sheetpile which borders the Factory property. Indications of ground movement are detected through visual observations. It was also reported that the day before the incident there had been continuous rain until the next day. Based on the results of the technical drilling, it appears that the soil density becomes lower after 10m depth. There is a layer of sandy silt with a soft to medium consistency at a depth of about 18m to 26m. With soil conditions that are dominated by sandy soil, the risk of scouring due to river flow is one of the things that needs to be considered. Landslides occur gradually because changes in river flow patterns gradually changed due to internal and external factors. Internal factors are caused by the flow and behavior of the river itself, while external factors are the activity of mining of sand material around the riverbanks. Along with the swift river flow, especially during flood water conditions, the layers of soil material move and are washed away by the flow of water so that there is a gap between the sheetpile and the original soil. These conditions cause the passive resistance of the sheet pile to gradually decrease and to experience deformation due to the pushing of the soil material that has experienced a movement. Important findings in the investigation is that the very soft clay layer underneath the sandy layers was not detected prior to the investigation.
Co-Authors Abram Kris Wicaksono Ahmad Kemal Arsyad Akhmudiyanto Akhmudiyanto Albert Johan Albert Johan Albert Johan Anastasia Sri Lestari Andrianto Muliawan Permana Andy Sugianto Anthonius Steven Sutanto Antony Kesuma Aris Handoko Asriwiyanti Desiani Aswin Lim Bondan Widi Anggoro Budijanto Widjaja Budijanto Widjaja Cecilia Lauw Giok Swan Cindarto Clinton Girsang Dega Damara Aditramulyadi Fenny Septiastuti Georgeshua, Cornelius Grisella Aglia Hansen Tananda Imam Achmad Sadisun Imam Achmad Sadisun Jogiadinata, Evelyn Kevin Martandi Setianto Lie, Edwin Martin Wijaya Melissa Kurnia Metta Devi Hartadi Nisa Utami Rachmayanti Petrus Chanel Suprihadi Santoso Ricky Setiawan Rinda Karlinasari Rinda Karlinasari Indrayana Rocky Mountainshia Tanti Muliati Vinna Fransiska Chou Wellyanto Wijaya Wijaya, Martin Wiwarsono, Fransisko Yohanes Albrecht Montol Yusi Sulastri Zakwan Gusnadi