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Kelas Menengah di Kota Menengah Rajab, Budi
UMBARA Indonesian Journal of Anthropology Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

KEBUDAYAAN, KEKERABATAN DAN PERANTAUAN: Catatan Atas Tesis Yang Deterministik Rajab, Budi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 6, No 1 (2004)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

In general, research on the migration process of the Minangkabau people evolve around two theses. First, the migration is caused by matrilineal kinship system in which the status and position of male is inferior to that of female. Second, Minangkabau community has a cultural mission that idealizes a desire for male to migrate in order to seek wealth and to gain new knowledge that their homeland cannot provide. However, both theses have profound weaknesses. On the first thesis, if it is true that matrilineal kinship system has driven male to migrate, then in an ethnic group with patrilineal kinship system the contrary should have taken place. But that is not the case. In both kinship systems the majority of migrating people are men. On the second thesis, ia a community that has no cultural mission about the purpose of migration, in fact, people still tend to migrate. A study conducted by the writer concluded that both matrilineal kinship system and cultural mission only play as intervening variables which have increased the size of the migration. The main determinant remains rural-urban imabalances in economic development that have attracted people to move to cities.

REPRESENTASI PEREMPUAN DALAM LEMBAGA POLITIK DI INDONESIA rajab, budi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Jumlah perempuan yang menjadi anggota parlemen pusat dan daerah selalu tidak representatif sejak Republik Indonesia berdaulat. Bahkan dengan diberlakukannya sistem kuota untuk perempuan dalam undang-undang politik agar ketimpangan gender di parlemen bisa berkurang, tetap saja secara kuantitas anggota parlemen perempuan tidak proporsional dibandingkan dengan jumlah anggota parlemen laki-laki. Penyebabnya bukan karena melulu terletak pada faktor internal perempuan sendiri, tetapi ada pada lembaga dan proses politik yang cenderung masih menonjolkan ciri-ciri politik yang maskulin dan patriarkhis. Selama sistem kuota tidak mengandung sanksi tegas, hanya sekedar himbauan seperti yang tertera pada undang-undang Pemilu, jumlah perempuan di parlemen tidak akan dapat bertambah secara berarti. Meski demikian, sistem kuota masih menjadi persoalan, anggota parlemen perempuan yang jumlahnya sedikit itu perlu bekerja sama untuk menelorkan kebijaksanaan yang pro-perempuan dan rakyat kebanyakan, karena kinerja mereka akan memperoleh dukungan yang kian luas dari masyarakat atas pentingnya posisi perempuan di parlemen.

KEMATIAN IBU: SUATU TINJAUAN SOSIAL-BUDAYA Rajab, Budi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 11, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Mother mortality rate in Indonesia remains considerably high. The cause of maternal mortality indirectly is much related with the problems of poverty, the independent role of women in decision making within the family, and the public health services, which continues to be a centralistic-bureaucracy. In Costa Rica, Srilanka, and Kerala province in India, even though the majority of their citizens are poor as in Indonesia the maternal mortality is falling significantly. The reason that make this possible is because a strategy and a program of women empowerment in making independent decisions have been developed together with a model of participative public health services, which is cooperatively carried out by government and local community institutions dealing with community health problems that are affordable and comprehend for the economy and education of the community. The society and government of Indonesia may get a lesson by learning from the strategy and health programs from those three countries. Keywords: Maternal Mortality, Poverty, Women Dependency, Maternal Heath Service

MEMAKNAI KEMISKINAN: PERAN KELEMBAGAAN DALAM MENANGGULANGI LINGKARAN SETAN KEMISKINAN Rajab, Budi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 8, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Initially, the cause of poverty has something to do with the lack of control of economic resources. This then brings about the so-called the “culture of poverty” and lack of capabilities, that is indicated, among other, by dependent and fatalistic attitudes, which in the end tend to reinforce and perpetuate the initial condition, i.e., the lack of control of economic resources. Thus, it is not surprising, then, that the causes and effects of poverty seem to be a vicious circle. Poverty alleviation strategies and programs aim at raising people capabilities and changing the culture of poverty, as implemented by the former New Order regime, have resulted in far below the expectation, only a few of poor people have alleviated from their unfortunate condition. Moreover, as the effect of these strategies and programs, it creates the so-called “relative poverty” which refers to the widening gap and inequality in income distribution and control over (economic) resources among the population. Given these complexities, the structural approach proposes to develop a special institutional arrangement—a body that will tackle the poverty alleviation work—whose strategy is to give the poor a direct access and control over the economic resources. This body shall be made available down to the local level, i.e. municipality and district levels. To get the strategies and programs effective in eradicating poverty, effort to change of the culture of poverty and to raise people capabilities are that of important and, consequently, still have to undertake. Kata kunci: kemiskinan, budaya kemiskinan, lingkaran setan kemiskinan, kelemahan strategi penanggulangan kemiskinan, dan pembangunan kelembagaan penanggulangan kemiskinan

Kelas Menengah di Kota Menengah Budi Rajab
Umbara Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

NEGARA ORDE BARU: BERDIRI DI ATAS SISTEM EKONOMI DAN POLITIK YANG RAPUH Budi Rajab
Sosiohumaniora Vol 6, No 3 (2004): SOSIOHUMANIORA, NOPEMBER 2004
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v6i3.5528

Model pembangunan yang dikembangkan rezim Orde Baru sejak awalnya sudah beresiko. Ketergantungan pada utang dan kapital luar negeri, proses industrialisasi yang berbasis pada teknologi perakitan, dan pemihakan pada golongan ekonomi kuat dengan mengabaikan sektor ekonomi perdesaan dan golongan ekonomi lemah adalah faktor-faktor yang mendorong pada terbukanya potensi krisis ekonomi besar. Bila hampir selama tiga puluh tahun pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia relatif stabil itu dimungkinkan karena ditopang oleh format politik yang birokratik dan otoriter, yang memaksakan berlakunya mekanisme politik yang tidak memungkinkan adanya koreksi yang mendasar, baik melalui mekanisme internal maupun mekanisme eksternal dan juga tidak peduli dengan persoalan legitimasi. Check and balance antara masyarakat dan negara tidak ada, kedua belah pihak berada dalam hubungan yang timpang, negara mensubordinasi masyarakat. Jikalau rezim reformasi yang menggantikan rezim Orde Baru tidak mengubah secara mendasar paradigma pembangunan ekonomi dan juga tidak mengembangkan demokrasi yang partisipatif, maka krisis ekonomi yang sudah menerpa lebih dari enam tahun ini sulit untuk bisa pulih kembali. Kata Kunci : Orde Baru, paradigma, stabilitas, perakitan, industrialisasi

PEREMPUAN DALAM MODERNISME DAN POSTMODERNISME Budi Rajab
Sosiohumaniora Vol 11, No 3 (2009): SOSIOHUMANIORA, NOPEMBER 2009
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Modernisme telah menerima dan mendorong perempuan untuk bisa berkiprah di sektor publik, tetapi sekaligus ia pun dituntut agar tetap dapat berkiprah di sektor rumah tangga. Konsekuensinya, gerakan perempuan yang terpengaruh dan mengikuti arus modernisasi, aliran feminisme liberal, malah menjadikan perempuan itu sendiri terbebani peran ganda. Gerakan feminisme liberal telah dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan produktif perempuan di domain publik, tetapi belum bisa mengubah ketimpangan gender itu sendiri. Bagi gerakan perempuan yang berorientasi posmodernisme, konsekuensi dari beban peran ganda perempuan dan tetap berlangsungnya ketimpangan gender merupakan hal yang pasti akan terjadi, karena modernisme itu sendiri merupakan produk kekuasaan patriarkhi. Untuk itulah, kaum feminisposmodernisme menyatakan, supaya gerakan perempuan efektif dan membuahkan hasil berupa kesetaraan gender, sudah harus sejak awal melakukan dekonstruksi atas wacana modernisme itu dan membangun wacana yang bersumber dari pengalaman-pengalaman hidup perempuan itu sendiri.

MEMAKNAI KEMISKINAN: PERAN KELEMBAGAAN DALAM MENANGGULANGI LINGKARAN SETAN KEMISKINAN Budi Rajab
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 8 No. 2 (2006)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v8i2.188

Initially, the cause of poverty has something to do with the lack of control of economic resources. This then brings about the so-called the â€œculture of povertyâ€ and lack of capabilities, that is indicated, among other, by dependent and fatalistic attitudes, which in the end tend to reinforce and perpetuate the initial condition, i.e., the lack of control of economic resources. Thus, it is not surprising, then, that the causes and effects of poverty seem to be a vicious circle. Poverty alleviation strategies and programs aim at raising people capabilities and changing the culture of poverty, as implemented by the former New Order regime, have resulted in far below the expectation, only a few of poor people have alleviated from their unfortunate condition. Moreover, as the effect of these strategies and programs, it creates the so-called â€œrelative povertyâ€ which refers to the widening gap and inequality in income distribution and control over (economic) resources among the population. Given these complexities, the structural approach proposes to develop a special institutional arrangementâ€”a body that will tackle the poverty alleviation workâ€”whose strategy is to give the poor a direct access and control over the economic resources. This body shall be made available down to the local level, i.e. municipality and district levels. To get the strategies and programs effective in eradicating poverty, effort to change of the culture of poverty and to raise people capabilities are that of important and, consequently, still have to undertake. Kata kunci: kemiskinan, budaya kemiskinan, lingkaran setan kemiskinan, kelemahan strategi penanggulangan kemiskinan, dan pembangunan kelembagaan penanggulangan kemiskinan

KEBUDAYAAN, KEKERABATAN DAN PERANTAUAN: Catatan Atas Tesis Yang Deterministik Budi Rajab
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 6 No. 1 (2004)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v6i1.194

In general, research on the migration process of the Minangkabau people evolve around two theses. First, the migration is caused by matrilineal kinship system in which the status and position of male is inferior to that of female. Second, Minangkabau community has a cultural mission that idealizes a desire for male to migrate in order to seek wealth and to gain new knowledge that their homeland cannot provide. However, both theses have profound weaknesses. On the first thesis, if it is true that matrilineal kinship system has driven male to migrate, then in an ethnic group with patrilineal kinship system the contrary should have taken place. But that is not the case. In both kinship systems the majority of migrating people are men. On the second thesis, ia a community that has no cultural mission about the purpose of migration, in fact, people still tend to migrate. A study conducted by the writer concluded that both matrilineal kinship system and cultural mission only play as intervening variables which have increased the size of the migration. The main determinant remains rural-urban imabalances in economic development that have attracted people to move to cities.

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