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BIOLOGI DAN NERACA HAYATI KUTU PUTIH PEPAYA PARACOCCUS MARGINATUS WILLIAMS & GRANARA DE WILLINK (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) PADA TIGA JENIS TUMBUHAN INANG Maharani, Yani; Rauf, Aunu; Sartiami, Dewi; Anwar, Ruly
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 16, No 1 (2016): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA

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Biology and life table of papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera:Â Pseudococcidae) on three host plant species. The papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), has been considered as a new invasive pest causing heavy damage on papaya in Indonesia since 2008. The pest is polyphagous with more than 55 host plant species. Study was conducted in laboratory with the objectives to determine developmental biology and life table parameters of the mealybug feeding on papaya, physic nut, and cassava leaves. Host plant species affected papaya mealybug performances. Egg stage lasted 7.25, 8.09, and 9.86 d on papaya, physic nut, and cassava, respectively. The shortest female nymphal developmental time was on papaya (18.91 d) and the longest on cassava (32.45 d). Longevity of adult males ranged from 1.09-2.85 d while females 12.29-14.93 d. When the mealybugs were reared on a seedling, the fecundity was higher on papaya (324.6) than those on physic nut (186.6) and cassava (157.5). No egg production occurred in virgin females. The sex ratio of P. marginatus favoured females, which comprised about 90% of population on papaya and cassava. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was significantly different among hosts, with the highest rate (0.117 female offspring/female/d) on papaya, followed by physic nut (0.079) and cassava (0.057). The maximum values of rm along with net reproductive rate (Ro) and finite rate of increase(Î»), and the shortest mean generation time (T) and doubling time (Dt) on papaya, indicating that papaya was the more favorable host plant for P.Â marginatus.

PATOGENISITAS CENDAWAN Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 TERHADAP PENGGEREK TONGKOL JAGUNG Helicoverpa armigera (HUBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) Ginting, Sempurna; Santoso, Teguh; Munara, Yayi; Anwar, Ruly; Sudirman, Lisdar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 18, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most important agricultural pests because it has a high reproductive rate and resulted in economic losses. One of the H. armigera control techniques that is in accord with IPM principle is the utilizing of entomopathogenic fungus. The aim of this research was to test the pathogenicity of Lecanicillium (Lecanicillium sp. PTN01) against H. armigera. Pathogenicity test was conducted by conidia application of Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 on both the larvae and eggs at density of 105, 106, 107 conidia/ml. The control group was only treated with steril water. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for molecular identification Lecanicillium sp. PTN01. The results showed that Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 able to inhibit egg hatching 13.75%, and cause mortality of first instar larval survival 98.75%. The result of virulence test to the highest larval mortality at 107 conidia/ml density was 41,25%, with the values of LT25, 50, 75 were 3.95, 7.12, 12.82 (days) and LC25, 50, 75 were 4.6 x 105, 1.7 x 106, 4.6 x 109 (conidia/ml). The DNA sequence analysis of ITS 1 and ITS 4 primers showed that Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 was similar to fungus species L. kalimantanense strain BTCC F23 with 94% homology.

Isolasi dan Identifikasi Entomopatogen Hirsutella citriformis (Speare) dan Potensi Miselianya sebagai Sumber Inokulum untuk Pengendalian Wereng Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens StÃ¥l.) Wawan, Wawan; Santoso, Teguh; Anwar, Ruly; Priyatno, Tri P.
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 13, No 1 (2017): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v13n1.2017.p43-52

Hirsutella citriformis merupakan salah satu jamur entomopatogen potensial untuk wereng batang cokelat (WBC), tetapi belum banyak dimanfaatkan karena konidianya sulit diperbanyak sehingga perlu dicari propagul alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi isolat H. citriformis yang menginfeksi WBC dan menguji efektivitas miselianya sebagai alternatif inokulum konidia dalam pengendalian biologis WBC. Identifikasi Hirsutella dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologis dan molekuler dan berdasarkan sekuen internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Konidia dan miselia pada berbagai konsentrasi diaplikasikan pada nimfa WBC instar 2â€“3 dengan cara penyemprotan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan karakter morfologis, isolat jamur entomopatogen asal Bogor yang menyerang WBC di lapangan adalah H. citriformis. Salah satu isolat (Bgr 0716) telah diidentifikasi berdasarkan sekuen ITS dan terkonfirmasi sebagai H. citriformis. Aplikasi miselia isolat Bgr 0716 efektif mengendalikan WBC dengan nilai lethal time 50% (LT50) selama 13,3 hari, tidak jauh berbeda dari nilai LT50 konidia yang terjadi dalam waktu 12,8 hari. Nilai lethal concentration 50% (LC50) miselia sekitar 2,303 g/l, sedangkan nilai LC50 untuk aplikasi konidia adalah sebesar 2,5 Ã— 105 konidia/ml. Dengan nilai LT50 dan LC50 yang relatif rendah tersebut, miselia layak untuk di-aplikasikan dalam skala luas karena produksinya lebih mudah dan cepat dibanding dengan produksi konidia. Oleh karena itu, miselia H. citriformis dapat menjadi propagul aktif sebagai alternatif konidia untuk pengembangan biopestisida efektif terhadap WBC.

PENGGUNAAN CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN Beauveria bassiana (BALSAMO) VUILLEMIN DAN Lecanicillium lecanii (ZIMM) ZARE & GAMS UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN Helopeltis antonii SIGN (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) The Use of Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo)Vuillemin Sri Hastuti Anggarawati; Teguh Santoso; Ruly Anwar
Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika Vol. 8 No. 3 (2017): Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika
Publisher : Departemen Silvikultur, Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/j-siltrop.8.3.197-202

Helopeltis sp. has been known as one of major pests on tea, cacao and cashew plantation. Recently, genus Helopeltis is also reported attack Acacia plantation in Sumatra and Kalimantan. For such extensive plantation, low cost biocontrol agents like entomopathogenic fungi are choosen because of the simplicity for mass production. The objective of this study was to measure the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillium lecanii against Helopeltis sp. Both fungi that were used in this study were obtained from IPB Insect Pathology Laboratory. The tested insect, Helopeltis sp. was collected from Gunung Mas tea plantation. The insects were reared in laboratory. Four level of conidial density, 109, 108, 107, 106 conidia/ mL were applied to Helopeltis adult (B. bassiana) and 3rdinstar nymph (L. lecanii). Daily mortality was observed until seven days post treatment. The result showed that L. lecanii at 106 conidia/mL caused 96.25% mortality of 3rd instar nymph of Helopeltis sp. with the LC50 value at two days observation was 1.03 x 106 conidia/ mL, LT50 was 1.198 days and LT95 was 5.25 days. On the other hand, B. bassiana at 106 conidia/ mL caused 81.25%. mortality of adult Helopeltis sp. while 100% mortality could be attained by using 108 conidia/ mL. The LC50 of B. bassiana was 3.2 x 104 conidia/ mL, at four days observation and LT50 was 4.214 days. The two fungi were thus judged effective against Helopeltis sp. in this bio assay.Key words: Beauveria bassiana, conidia, density, Helopeltis sp., Lecanicillium lecanii, mortality.

PATOGENISITAS CENDAWAN Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 TERHADAP PENGGEREK TONGKOL JAGUNG Helicoverpa armigera (HUBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) Sempurna Ginting; Teguh Santoso; Yayi Munara; Ruly Anwar; Lisdar Sudirman
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 18, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v18i1.3378

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most important agricultural pests because it has a high reproductive rate and resulted in economic losses. One of the H. armigera control techniques that is in accord with IPM principle is the utilizing of entomopathogenic fungus. The aim of this research was to test the pathogenicity of Lecanicillium (Lecanicillium sp. PTN01) against H. armigera. Pathogenicity test was conducted by conidia application of Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 on both the larvae and eggs at density of 105, 106, 107 conidia/ml. The control group was only treated with steril water. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for molecular identification Lecanicillium sp. PTN01. The results showed that Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 able to inhibit egg hatching 13.75%, and cause mortality of first instar larval survival 98.75%. The result of virulence test to the highest larval mortality at 107 conidia/ml density was 41,25%, with the values of LT25, 50, 75 were 3.95, 7.12, 12.82 (days) and LC25, 50, 75 were 4.6 x 105, 1.7 x 106, 4.6 x 109 (conidia/ml). The DNA sequence analysis of ITS 1 and ITS 4 primers showed that Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 was similar to fungus species L. kalimantanense strain BTCC F23 with 94% homology.

Toksisitas Ekstrak Tithonia divesifolia Terhadap Larva Plutella xylostella di Laboratorium Efrin Firmansyah; FNU Dadang; Ruly Anwar
Agriprima : Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences Vol 2 No 1 (2018): MARET
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25047/agriprima.v2i1.82

Plutella xylostella merupakan salah satu hamaoligofag yang menyerang tanaman family Brassicaceae. Pemakaian insektisda sintetik merupakan suatu metode pengendalian yang banyak dilakukan oleh petani. Penggunaan insektisida sintetik dapat mengakibatkan berbagai dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalkan dampak negatif tersebut adalah memanfaatkan bahan alami sebagai insektisida nabati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui toksisitas dari ekstrak T. diversifolia terhadap larva P. xylostella. T. diversifolia yang digunakan yaitu daun dan bunga yang diekstrak dengan metanol dan etil asetat secara terpisah. Metode aplikasi yang digunakan yaitu metode residu pada daun, data mortalitas dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis probit untuk memperoleh nilai LC50dan LC95. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak metanol bunga T. diversifolia lebih toksik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya dengan nilai LC50dan LC95berturut-turut 0,067 dan 0,826.

Prevalensi cendawan entomopatogenik, Neozygites fumosa (Speare) Remaudie’re & Keller (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) pada populasi kutu putih, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara De Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) di wilayah Bogor Anik Nurhayati; Ruly Anwar
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 2 (2012): September
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

The prevalence of entomopathogenic fungus, Neozygites fumosa (Zygomycetes: Entomo-phthorales) on the papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), was studied in Bogor in two districts: Bubulak and Rancabungur in 2011. Thirty plants of either papaya or cassavas were sampled 8 times, once a week for insect population and biweekly for the fungus infection sampling. The results showed that the cassava mealybug was not found on both plants and all locations. The populations of papaya mealybug in Bubulak were higher than in Rancabungur. The populations of papaya mealybug on papaya were higher than those of cassava. However, N. fumosa infection levels on both plants and both locations were not significantly different.

Keefektifan ekstrak Piper retrofractum Vahl., Anonna squamosa L. dan Tephrosia vogelii Hook. serta campurannya terhadap imago kutu putih pepaya Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Trijanti A. Widinni Asnan; Dewi Sartiami; Ruly Anwar; Dadang Dadang
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 2 (2015): Juli
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the papaya insect pests that causes high economic loss. The major constraint in controling this pest with insecticides is the existence of wax layer covering the insect body.The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Piper retrofractum (Pr), Anonna squamosa (As), and Tephrosia vogelii (Tv) extracts as well as their mixtures to control P. marginatus imago in the laboratory. Pr, As, and Tv extracts were tested separately and in extract mixtures against female P. marginatus by direct spray on the insect. Each treatment was observed at 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment (HAT). Our result showed that at the LC95 – 72 HAT, Tv and As extracts were about three times more effective to P. marginatus than Pr extract. The effective concentration that causing around 95% mortality of P. marginatus are 1.250% (Tv), 1.482% (Pr), dan 0.469% (As). Extracts mixtures of Tv + As (2:1, w/w) and As + Ps (2 : 1, w/w) were about 1.67 times more effective than Tv + Pr (2:1, w/w) extracts mixtures. Based on combination index at 72 HST, extract mixtures of Tv + As and Tv + Pr had low sinergistic joint action, meanwhile As + Pr extract mixture had additive joint action. In addition, all the extracts treatments disturbed the formation of the wax coverings the eggs (egg sacs). Pr, As, and Tv extracts as well as their mixtures at certain extract comparison have the alternate potential to control the mealybug P. marginatus.

Biologi dan statistik demografi Thrips parvispinus Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum Linnaeus) Rudi Tomson Hutasoit; Hermanu Triwidodo; Ruly Anwar
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 14 No 3 (2017): November
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Thrips parvispinus Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is one of the major pests of chili pepper in Indonesia. The pest can be found on all parts of the plants, especially flowers and leaves. Information of the biology and demographic statistic of T. parvispinus are still limited. The objective of this research was to study the biology and demographic statistic of T. parvispinus in Bogor. Fifty individual of 1st instar nymphs were reared on caged chili pepper leaves (d = 4 cm and h = 8 cm). Chilli pepper leaves were replaced everyday and observed daily to determine the development and number of offspring eggs. The collected data were used to obtain information about the biology of the pest such as the stadia of each instar, preoviposition period, life cycle, adult longevity, and fecundity. The data were also used to construct life tables for demographic statistic analysis using of the Jackknife method. There were 5 phases of immature stages of T. parvispinus: eggs, two instars nymph, prepupa, and pupa with their stadia were 4,79, 1,36, 3,54, 1,08, and 1,96 days respectively. The preoviposition period of the insect was 1,11 days, life cycle was 13,68 days, female longevity was 8,55 days, male longevity was 6,00 days, and fecundity was 15,33 eggs per female. The population development of T. parvispinus followed type III of survivorship curve with intrinsic rate of increase was 0,15 individual per days female per days, net reproductive rate was 5,71 individual per female per generation, generation time was 11,49 days and doubling time was 4,57 days.

PATOGENISITAS CENDAWAN Lecanicillium lecanii (Zimm.) (Viegas) Zare and Gams TERHADAP TELUR Diaphorina citri Kuw. (Hemiptera: Liviidae) Muhammad Agung Permadi; Ruly Anwar; Teguh Santoso
Jurnal AGROHITA: Jurnal Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan Vol 1, No 1 (2016): Agrohita Vol 1 No 1 Tahun 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/jap.v1i1.193

Kutu loncat Diaphorina citri Kuwayama merupakan salah satu hama penting tanaman jeruk dan juga merupakan vektor dari penyakit serius yang dikenal dengan greening disease atau disebut Huanglongbing (HLB).Cendawan entomopatogen yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan hama ini adalah Lecanicillium lecanii. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur kemampuan infeksi L. lecanii terhadap telur D. citri. Kerapatan konidia L. lecaniiyang digunakan adalah 104, 105, 106, 107, dan 108 konidia/ml, percobaan diulang sebanyak tiga kali.Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL)Faktorial.Nilai tengah diuji lanjut dengan menggunakan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (DMRT) pada taraf nyata 5%.Hasil uji patogenisitas L. lecanii terhadap telur D. citri menunjukkan bahwa seluruh kera-patan konidia yang digunakan pada penelitian tidak memengaruhi perkem-bangan telur D. citri. Hampir 100% telur D. citri masih mampumenetas walaupun telah diberi perlakuan suspensi konidia L. lecanii.Kata kunci: entomopatogen, infeksi, kutu loncat, kepadatan konidia, mortalitas

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