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AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA EKSTRAK BUAH CABAI JAWA (Piper retrofractum) TERHADAP Helopeltis antonii (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) INDRIATI, GUSTI; DADANG, DADANG; PRIJONO, DJOKO
853-8212
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

ABSTRAKHelopeltis antonii merupakan salah satu hama pada tanaman kakao,teh, dan jambu mete yang menyerang pucuk dan buah dengan menusukkanstiletnya untuk mengisap cairan sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan.Penelitian bertujuan menguji toksisitas ekstrak buah Piper retrofractum(cabai jawa) terhadap imago, pengaruh konsentrasi subletal terhadap nimfaketurunan, persistensi terhadap mortalitas dan oviposisi H. antonii.Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fisiologi dan ToksikologiSerangga, Institut Pertanian Bogor dan Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman,Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Sukabumi, mulai Mei2013 sampai April 2014. Buah mentimun digunakan sebagai inangpengganti untuk perbanyakan serangga uji H. antonii di laboratorium danmedia pengujian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kematian imago H.antonii, akibat perlakuan ekstrak P. retrofractum 0,05-0,3%, sudah terjadipada 24 jam setelah perlakuan (JSP). Sementara itu, pada 24 dan 48 JSPterjadi penurunan tingkat kematian H. antonii. Setelah 48 JSP, hanyaterjadi sedikit peningkatan kematian H. antonii. LC 50 dan LC 95 ekstrak P.retrofractum pada 120 JSP masing-masing 0,20 dan 0,49%. Jumlah nimfaketurunan yang dihasilkan pada perlakuan subletal ekstrak P. retrofractum0,203% (LC 50 ) lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi 0,141%(LC 25 ). Ekstrak P. retrofractum yang dipajankan di bawah sinar mataharihingga 5 hari masih efektif terhadap imago (mortalitas 80%), tetapi tidakefektif dalam menghambat peletakan telur H. antonii. Penghambatanpeletakan telur terhadap imago H. antonii pada perlakuan ekstrak P.retrofractum 0,98% (2 × LC 95 ) yang dipajankan di bawah sinar matahariselama 0 dan 1 hari, dengan indeks penghambatan oviposisi 22,7 dan23,8%. Keefektifan ekstrak P. retrofractum perlu diuji di lapangan untukmenilai kelayakan dalam pengendalian H. antonii.Kata kunci: insektisida botani, mortalitas, oviposisi, persistensiABSTRACTHelopeltis antonii is cocoa, tea, and cashew nuts important pest thatcauses damage by sucking plant sap from shoots and nuts. This study wasconducted to test toxicity of Piper retrofractum fruit extract on adults,sublethal effect on the production nymphal progeny, and persistenceagainst mortality and oviposition of H. antonii. This study was conductedat The Fisiology and Insect Toxicology Laboratory, Plant ProtectionDepartement, Bogor Agricultural University and The Plant ProtectionLaboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institutefrom Mey 2013 to April 2014. Cucumber was used as a host substitute forrearing the test insect and as the testing medium. The results show thatadult mortality, due to the P. retrofractum leaf extract treatment 0.05-0.3%, has occured at 24 hours after treatment (HAT). Meanwhile, H.antonii mortality has decreased on 24 and 48 HAT. After 48 HAT, only aslight increased in H. antonii mortality. LC 50 and LC 95 of P. retrofractumextract at 120 HAT were 0.20 and 0.49%, respectively. The treatment atsublethal concentrations (LC 25 and LC 50 ) markedly decreased nymphalprogeny number. P. retrofractum extract suspensions at LC 95 and 2 × LC 95exposed under sunlight for 5 days were still effective against H. antoniiadults (80% mortality), but were not effective in females inhibitingoviposition. The oviposition inhibiting activity was observed only in thetreatment with P. retrofractum extract at 2 × LC 95  exposed under sunlightfor 0 and 1 day in which the oviposition deterrency indices were 22.7 and23.8% respectively. Key words: botanical insecticides, mortality, oviposition, persistence
Potensi Insektisida Melur (Brucea javanica L. Merr) dalam Mengendalikan Hama Kubis Crocidolomia pavonana (F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) dan Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) Lina, Eka Candra; Arneti, Arneti; Prijono, Djoko; Dadang, Dadang
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (164.412 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.12.2.109-116

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the potency of Brucea javanica (melur) for controlling two species ofcrucifer pests, i.e. Crocidolomia pavonana and Plutella xylostella. Melur fruits, twigs, and leaves were extracteddirectly with methanol or sequentially with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The most active extract was thenfractionated by preparative layer chromatography using hexane, mixtures of ethyl acetate and methanol, andmethanol as eluents. The most active fraction was formulated as EC (emulsifiable concentrate) and WP (wettablepowder) formulations, and tested for their toxicity and antifeedant effect against C. pavonana and P. xylostellalarvae. The results showed that methanol extract of melur fruits was more active than that of twigs and leaves.Fractionation of methanol extract of melur fruits yielded an active fraction which was eluted with ethyl acetate-methanol 9:1. EC and WP formulations of melur fruits were active against C. pavonana larvae with LC50 of 0.39%and 0.21%, respectively. The same formulations were also active against P. xylostella larvae with LC50 of 0.31% and0.54%, respectively. In no-choice tests, the antifeedant effect of the EC formulation on C. pavonana larvae (feedinginhibition [FI]: 70.9%-97.5%) was higher than on P. xylostella larvae (FI: 52.2%-83.9%), but the antifeedant effect ofthe WP formulation on the two species was relatively the same. In a choice test, the EC formulation at LC 85completely inhibited feeding by C. pavonana larvae (FI: 100%).
Komunitas Parasitoid Lalat Pengorok Daun pada Pertanaman Sayuran Dataran Tinggi Rustam, Rusli; Rauf, Aunu; Maryana, Nina; Pudjianto, Pudjianto; Dadang, Dadang
Jurnal Natur Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (132.174 KB) | DOI: 10.31258/jnat.11.1.40-47

Abstract

Leafminer fly, Liriomyza spp. are widely known as new important pests attacking many vegetable species inhigh land in Indonesia. The objective of the research was to study community of parasitoid leafminer in highaltitude, and parasitization level. This research also looked at more specific on parasitization level caused byOpius chromatomyiae. There were four species of leafminer recorded from the survey, Liriomyza huidobrensis,Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza chinensis and Chromatomyia horticola. The observation also found eight species ofparasitioid associated with collected leafminers. Six species of recorded parasitoid belonged to family of Eulopidae,and two rest species belonged to Braconidae and Eucoilidae respectively. Those eight species of parasitoids wereHemiptarsenus varicornis, Asecodes deluchii, Neochrysocharis okazakii, Neochrysocharis formosa ,Neocrhysocharis sp. Quadrastichus liriomyzae, Opius chromatomyaie, Gronotoma micromorpha. ParasitoidOpius chromatomyiae and Hemiptarsenus varicornis were found to be dominant in the range altitude between1001-1300 and 1301-1600 asl. From 16 spesies of hosts attacked by leaf miners, only Opius chromatomyiae wasrecorded to have ability to parasitize the leafminer in 13 host species with parasitization level reached 1,84–62,26%.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PESTISIDA TERHADAP TRANSFORMASI ASAM FENOLAT SERTA PRODUKSI CO2 DAN CH4 PADA TANAH GAMBUT Suciati, Fuzi; Anwar, Syaiful; Dadang, Dadang; Aviantara, Dwindrata B.; Widyastuti, Rahayu
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 40, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v40n1.2016.11-23

Abstract

Abstrak. Degradasi bahan organik dari tanah gambut menghasilkan berbagai asam fenolat, CO2 dan CH4. Asam fenolat bersifat toksik dan menyebabkan terhambatnya pertumbuhan tanaman. Sebagian pestisida yang diaplikasikan jatuh ke tanah dan bereaksi dengan bahan organik tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh penambahan pestisida terhadap ikatan asam fenolat pada tanah gambut serta menganalisis tingkat emisi CO2 dan CH4. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 jenis pestisida yaitu herbisida paraquat diklorida dan insektisida Buthylphenylmethylcarbamate (BPMC). Dosis pestisida yang digunakan mengacu kepada dosis anjuran, yaitu 4 liter ha-1 untuk paraquat dan 1 liter ha-1 untuk BPMC. Perlakuan menggunakan 3 dosis (setengah, setara dan dua kali dosis anjuran: ?g kg-1): 1.104, 2.208, dan 4.416 untuk paraquat dan 485, 970, dan 1.940 untuk BPMC dengan satu kontrol. Setelah diinkubasi 1, 7, 14 dan 28 hari dilakukan analisis yang meliputi asam fenolat, residu pestisida, gugus fungsional, serta emisi CO2 dan CH4. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian pestisida menurunkan jumlah asam fenolat di dalam tanah gambut. Penggunaan bahan aktif paraquat dan BPMC memperlihatkan pola yang sama terhadap perubahan konsentrasi asam fenolat dalam tanah. Dosis bahan aktif BPMC 485 ?g kg-1 menyebabkan penurunan residu pestisida lebih tinggi dibandingkan dosis yang lainnya yaitu sebesar 95% setelah 28 hari masa inkubasi. Secara umum penggunaan bahan aktif paraquat pada semua dosis yang diuji tidak meninggalkan residu setelah 28 hari masa inkubasi. Pemeriksaan gugus fungsional dengan FTIR tidak mendeteksi adanya penambahan gugus fungsional baru pada semua dosis dan jenis bahan aktif, namun perubahan intensitas puncak serapan dapat merupakan indikasi bahwa terjadi perubahan komposisi senyawa kimia dalam tanah gambut selama periode inkubasi. Penambahan pestisida tidak nyata mempengaruhi emisi CO2 dan CH4.Abstract. Degradation of organic matter from peat soil produces various phenolic acids, CO2, and CH4. The phenolic acid is known toxic and causes plant growth retardation. Some of pesticide is unintentionally drip on peat soil surface and reacts with organic matter. This study was aimed at evaluating the influence of pesticides on phenolic acid bondings as well as CO2, and CH4 emissions. Two types of pesticides were used: herbicide paraquate dichloride and insecticide Buthylphenylmethyl-carbamate (BPMC). The pesticide dosages were based on the recommended application, i.e. 4 liter ha-1 for paraquat and 1 liter ha-1 for BPMC. Treatments were consisted of 3 levels of dosage (half, equal and two-fold the recommended rates: ?g kg-1): 1,104; 2,208; and 4,416 for paraquat and 485, 970, and 1,940 for BPMC and a control treatment. After 1, 7, 14, and 28 days of incubation, soils in each treatment were analyzed for phenolic acids, pesticide residues, functional groups, and CO2 and CH4 emissions. The results showed that pesticide application reduced the total phenolic acid concentrations of peat soil. Paraquat and BPMC applications showed a similar pattern on soil phenolic acid concentrations. BPMC dosage of 485 ?g kg-1 reduced 95% of pesticide residues, which was the highest reduction compared to any other dosages. In general, paraquat application at the tested dosages left no pesticide residues after 28 days of incubation. The FTIR analysis did not detect appearance of any new functional groups under the tested rates and types of pesticides. However, altered intensity of the absorption peaks could be an indication of compositional changes of the chemical substances within peat soil during the incubation period. Pesticide application did not significantly affect CO2 and CH4 emissions.
Tingkat Resistensi Helopeltis antonii (Hemiptera: Miridae) pada Tanaman Kakao terhadap Tiga Golongan Insektisida Sintetis Utami, Aidha; Dadang, Dadang; Nurmansyah, Ali; Laba, I Wayan
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n2.2017.p89-98

Abstract

Pada tanaman kakao di Indonesia, Helopeltis antonii Signoret merupakan salah satu hama utama yang dapat menurunkan produksi sebesar 60%. Selama ini petani melakukan tindakan pengendalian menggunakan insektisida sintetis. Namun penggunaan insektisida dengan dosis yang tidak tepat dapat mendorong terjadinya resistensi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan tingkat resistensi H. antonii terhadap tiga golongan insektisida sintetis. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor. Pengambilan populasi lapangan dan wawancara penggunaan insektisida dilaksanakan di kebun kakao daerah Bogor, Ciamis, dan Sukabumi, Jawa Barat mulai bulan Agustus 2016 sampai Juni 2017. Serangga yang digunakan adalah nimfa instar 3 yang terbagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu populasi laboratorium dan populasi lapangan. Insektisida yang digunakan berbahan aktif klorpirifos (organofosfat), lamda sihalotrin (piretroid), dan tiametoksam (neonikotinoid). Buah mentimun digunakan sebagai pakan pengganti perbanyakan serangga uji H. antonii. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan lima tingkat konsentrasi insektisida yang ditentukan berdasarkan hasil uji pendahuluan. Hubungan antara konsentrasi insektisida dan mortalitas serangga uji diolah dengan analisis probit. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan insektisida yang banyak digunakan oleh petani kakao adalah golongan piretroid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi lapangan H. antonii asal Bogor dan Ciamis telah resisten terhadap lamda sihalotrin dengan nisbah resistensi (NR) masing-masing 4,2 dan 10,8, sedangkan populasi asal Sukabumi mempunyai nilai NR 1,2. Semua populasi lapangan H. antonii menunjukkan indikasi resistensi terhadap tiametoksam dengan nilai NR 1,8–3,1. Indikasi resistensi terhadap klorpirifos hanya ditunjukkan pada populasi asal Bogor (NR 1,5).
The effectiveness of kaffir lime leaf essential oil as a fumigant for Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Khalifah, Alif; Harahap, Idham Sakti; Dadang, Dadang
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 27, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v27n2.2021.51-57

Abstract

Pests are often a problem with stored post-harvest products. One of the pests that often attack post-harvest products in storage is Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). The most common warehouse pest control effort is fumigation. Unwise and inappropriate application of fumigants can cause various negative impacts, such as pest resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative control strategies that are more environmentally friendly through essential oils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) essential oil as a botanical fumigant against T. castaneum that held at SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor. Kaffir lime leaf essential oil (KLLEO) is obtained by distillation. Tests in this study include the toxicity test of essential oils and essential oil fractions, resistance tests, and test the effect of essential oils on larval development. KLLEO n-hexane fraction caused high mortality of T. castaneum imago after 72 hours of fumigation. The LD95 KLLEO value in imago was 1.14 ml / l of air. MADJP also had high repellency activity against imago. The lowest dose of 0.03 ml/l air and the highest dose of 1.14 ml/l air showed a degree of 95.5 and 100% reliability, respectively, 6 hours after treatment. Chemical composition analysis using GCMS showed that citronella was the most dominant compound at 79.05%.Keywords: Citrus hystrix, fumigation, post-harvest pests AbstrakKEEFEKTIFAN MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN JERUK PURUT SEBAGAI FUMIGAN Tribolium castaneum (HERBST)Serangga hama seringkali menjadi masalah pada produk pascapanen yang disimpan. Salah satu hama yang sering menyerang produk pascapanen di gudang penyimpanan adalah Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Upaya pengendalian hama gudang yang paling umum dilakukan adalah dengan fumigasi. Aplikasi fumigan yang tidak bijaksana dan tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif, seperti terjadinya resistensi hama. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan strategi pengendalian alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan melalui penggunaan minyak atsiri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan minyak atsiri daun jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix) sebagai fumigan nabati terhadap T. castaneum yang dilaksanakan di SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor. Minyak atsiri daun jeruk purut (MADJP) diperoleh melalui distilasi. Pengujian dalam penelitian ini meliputi uji toksisitas minyak atsiri dan fraksi minyak atsiri, uji repelensi, dan uji pengaruh minyak atsiri terhadap perkembangan larva. Fraksi n-heksana MADJP menyebabkan kematian yang tinggi pada imago T. castaneum setelah 72 jam fumigasi. Nilai LD95 MADJP pada imago sebesar 1,14 ml/l udara. MADJP juga memiliki aktivitas repelensi yang tinggi terhadap imago. Dosis terendah 0,03 ml/l udara dan dosis tertinggi 1,14 ml/l udara menunjukkan derajat keandalan berturut-turut 95,5 dan 100% pada 6 jam setelah perlakuan. Analisis komposisi kimia menggunakan GCMS menunjukkan bahwa sitronela merupakan senyawa yang paling dominan sebesar 79,05%.Kata kunci : Citrus hystrix, fumigasi, hama pasca panen, sitronela
Aktivitas Metabolit Sekunder Cendawan Endofit terhadap Colletotrichum acutatum pada Cabai Merah Nur Alfi Saryanah; Suryo Wiyono; Dadang Dadang
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (528.248 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.15.1.36

Abstract

Activity of Fungal Endophyte Secondary Metabolites against Colletotrichum acutatum on Chili PepperColletotrichum acutatum is one of anthracnose causal agents on chili pepper that has been reported to be predominant species in a some regions of Java Island. Secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi have been reported to have a potency as antifungal agents against plant pathogen. However, its antifungal activity against C. acutatum has not been reported yet. This study was aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of fungal endophyte secondary metabolite against C. acutatum at in vitro and in vivo assay. In vitro assay was conducted to evaluate antifungal activity of fungal endophyte CBR1D14 isolate culture filtrate (FCBR) and mycelia extract (MCBR) in inhibiting conidial germination of C. acutatum. The results of in vitro assay showed that ethyl acetate extract of FCBR (EA FCBR) had the highest activity in inhibiting C. acutatum conidial germination. Methanol fraction from the partition of EA FCBR (FM FCBR) and from the partition of MCBR ethyl acetate extract (FM MCBR) showed the ability in inhibiting C. acutatum conidial germination. In vivo assay to chili pepper fruit showed that the treatment of FM FCBR (IC95 609.9 µg mL-1) and FM MCBR (IC95 1178.27 µg mL-1) decreased anthracnose disease incidence and lesion diameter. The efficacy rate of FM FCBR and FM MCBR treatments against anthracnose was 36.72 and 48.68%, respectively. Bioautography test was done on silica gel thin layer chromatogram. Methanol fraction of FCBR and MCBR were separated into 3 bioautographic spots respectively (Rf 0.04, 0.07, 0.7 for FM FCBR and Rf 0.06, 0.52, 0.7 for FM MCBR).
The effectiveness of kaffir lime leaf essential oil as a fumigant for Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Alif Khalifah; Idham Sakti Harahap; Dadang Dadang
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 27, No 2 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v27n2.2021.51-57

Abstract

Pests are often a problem with stored post-harvest products. One of the pests that often attack post-harvest products in storage is Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). The most common warehouse pest control effort is fumigation. Unwise and inappropriate application of fumigants can cause various negative impacts, such as pest resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative control strategies that are more environmentally friendly through essential oils. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) essential oil as a botanical fumigant against T. castaneum that held at SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor. Kaffir lime leaf essential oil (KLLEO) is obtained by distillation. Tests in this study include the toxicity test of essential oils and essential oil fractions, resistance tests, and test the effect of essential oils on larval development. KLLEO n-hexane fraction caused high mortality of T. castaneum imago after 72 hours of fumigation. The LD95 KLLEO value in imago was 1.14 ml / l of air. MADJP also had high repellency activity against imago. The lowest dose of 0.03 ml/l air and the highest dose of 1.14 ml/l air showed a degree of 95.5 and 100% reliability, respectively, 6 hours after treatment. Chemical composition analysis using GCMS showed that citronella was the most dominant compound at 79.05%.Keywords: Citrus hystrix, fumigation, post-harvest pests AbstrakKEEFEKTIFAN MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN JERUK PURUT SEBAGAI FUMIGAN Tribolium castaneum (HERBST)Serangga hama seringkali menjadi masalah pada produk pascapanen yang disimpan. Salah satu hama yang sering menyerang produk pascapanen di gudang penyimpanan adalah Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Upaya pengendalian hama gudang yang paling umum dilakukan adalah dengan fumigasi. Aplikasi fumigan yang tidak bijaksana dan tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif, seperti terjadinya resistensi hama. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan strategi pengendalian alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan melalui penggunaan minyak atsiri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan minyak atsiri daun jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix) sebagai fumigan nabati terhadap T. castaneum yang dilaksanakan di SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor. Minyak atsiri daun jeruk purut (MADJP) diperoleh melalui distilasi. Pengujian dalam penelitian ini meliputi uji toksisitas minyak atsiri dan fraksi minyak atsiri, uji repelensi, dan uji pengaruh minyak atsiri terhadap perkembangan larva. Fraksi n-heksana MADJP menyebabkan kematian yang tinggi pada imago T. castaneum setelah 72 jam fumigasi. Nilai LD95 MADJP pada imago sebesar 1,14 ml/l udara. MADJP juga memiliki aktivitas repelensi yang tinggi terhadap imago. Dosis terendah 0,03 ml/l udara dan dosis tertinggi 1,14 ml/l udara menunjukkan derajat keandalan berturut-turut 95,5 dan 100% pada 6 jam setelah perlakuan. Analisis komposisi kimia menggunakan GCMS menunjukkan bahwa sitronela merupakan senyawa yang paling dominan sebesar 79,05%.Kata kunci : Citrus hystrix, fumigasi, hama pasca panen, sitronela
KOMPATIBILITAS EKSTRAK Piper retrofractrum Vahl. DAN Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. UNTUK PENGENDALIAN Helopeltis antonii Sign. NFN Rohimatun; NFN Dadang; I Wayan Winasa; Sri Yuliani
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 31, No 2 (2020): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v31n2.2020.107-122

Abstract

Plant extracts as a botanical insecticide can be used in either single or mixture forms. Mixed extracts have advantages: reducing dependence on one plant species, being the synergistic effect which can increase the effectiveness of formulas, and reducing the possibility of resistance emergence. This study aimed to obtain compatible and synergistic comparisons of P. retrofractum with C. xanthorrhiza extracts that effectively control the third instar nymph of Helopeltis antonii. The comparison of P. retrofractum and C. xanthorrhiza extracts were 4:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 (w/w). The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design using the contact method. The LC50, LC90, and LC95 values were calculated using the PoloPlus Ver 1.0 Program. The mixture interaction was determined from the Combination Index value. The results showed that P. retrofractum extract was compatible and synergistic with C. xanthorrhiza extract at a ratio of 2:1 (w/w). These were the best combination shown by the lowest LC50, LC90, and LC95 values and showed consistently strong synergistic properties compared to other concentrations. The components of P. retrofractum may be responsible for the insecticidal properties are piperine; piperanine; piperidine; 3,4-Pyridinedimethanol,6-methyl; Piperidine,1-[5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-oxo-2,4-pentadienyl]-,(Z,Z)-; and (2E,4E,12E)-1-(Piperidine-1-yl)octadeca-2,4,12—trien-1-one. The insecticidal activity of C. xanthorrhiza may associated with its content of xanthorrhizol, Ar-curcumene, β-curcumene, curzerene, germacrone, 7-zingiberene, caryophyllene, and β-bisabolol. A combination of these two plant extracts has the potential to be further developed as a botanical insecticide to control H. antonii.
Fumigant and Repellent Effects of Essential Oil Fractions of Mentha piperita against Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Sunaryo Syam; Idham Sakti Harahap; NFN Dadang
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 28, No 2 (2017): BULETIN PENELITIAN TANAMAN REMPAH DAN OBAT
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v28n2.2017.181-190

Abstract

Tribolium castaneum is one of the important stored-product pests in tropical countries. Fumigation with phosphine is the most commonly method to control T. castaneum. However, long-term application of phosphine will cause resistance. The aims of this research were to study the effects of fumigant and repellent of peppermint oil Mentha piperita fraction against T. castaneum, and to identify the compounds contained in the active fraction. This research was conducted in Entomology Laboratory Seameo Biotrop and Forensic Laboratory of Indonesian Police Headquarters Jakarta, from January to October 2016. Peppermint oil was extracted by distillation from the leaves of M. piperita. Peppermint oil was fractionated by counter-current distribution method using three solvents: n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Then, the three fractions were tested as fumigant and repellent against T. castaneum. The active fraction of essential oils were identified by GC-MS. The n-hexane fraction of peppermint (HFP) was the active fraction caused mortality on larvae and adults of  T. castaneum at 72 hours after fumigation. The LC95 values for the adults and  larvae was 1.9 % and 9.43 % , respectively. Sublethal concentration of HFP showed inhibitory activity on larvae development. Percentage of pupae transformed from treated larvae was 48.67-74.91 % and percentage of adults emerged was 9.12-16.59 %. The repellent activity of HFP on adults of T. castaneum was 86.7 % at 72 hours after treatment. The dominant compounds of HFP was β-pinene, limonene, isopulegol, menthone, isomenthon, menthol, pulegone, and trans-carane. The HFP or its compounds was potential to be develoved as botanical insecticides.
Co-Authors Abdullah Idi Abdurrahmansyah Abdurrahmansyah, Abdurrahmansyah Abu Naim Ade Ayu Oksari Adelia Dwi Valentin Alfin, Riandi ALI NURMANSYAH Alif Khalifah Alzagladi, Hasan Aminudin, Dindin Andi Hidayat, Andi Angraeni, Reni Ani Suryani Arinana Arinana Arneti Arneti Astuti, Dewi Ratnasari Atmaja, Sena Aviantara, Dwindrata B. Awaliah, Wiwin Awaliyah, Wiwin Ayudya, Dila Azhari Muslim Azhari Muslim Aziz, Zulfi Al Budi Saputro Budiman, Diana Chyntia, Ingkak Dede Maryana Dede Riswandi Devy Susanty DEWI SARTIAMI Dian Rahadian, Dian Diana Hasan DJOKO PRIJONO Edy Syahputra Eka Candra Lina EKA CHANDRA LINA Eka Intan Kumala Putri Eka Nur'azmi Yunira Engkus Kusnadi Erdawati, Lena Eros Rosmiati Fadilah, Risa Asti Nur Faridha, Faridha Faroqi, Fachmi Al Faroqi, Fahmi Al Fatimah, Imas Febriyanti, Fitri Ayu Fitri Nurhayati Gumilang, Andika Mugi Guntara, Bima Gusti Indriati Gustini Syahbirin Hamim, Thoat Hananto, Djoko Helmas Septiyo Hadi Hendra, Rio Hendrik F Siregar Heriyanto, Feri Husni dan Zulfanazli Pudjianto Alfian Rusdy Hutapea, Dedi I Komang Werdhiana I Wayan Laba I Wayan Winasa Idham Sakti Harahap Immawati, Siti A. Immawati, Siti Asriah Ingkak Chintya Wangsih Inrianti Sari Handayani Irvan Fadli Wanda Jalaludin, Jalaludin Jumiati, Eti Kanju Ohsawa Ketty Suketi Khalifah, Alif Kusumah, Yayi Munara Lani, Lani Latifah K Darusman Maghfirah, Geubrina Mariah, Dede Maya Sova Megaster, Tekni Mufti, Nasrul Muhamad Fauzi Nastiti Siswi Indrasti Neni Musyarofah NFN Rohimatun Nugraha, Wahyu Fajar Nur Alfi Saryanah Nur Rachman Nurdaaniyah, Andi Nurhillal, Zahroh Nurul Setiani Oksidelfa Yanto Perwitahasari, Resy PURNAMA HIDAYAT RAHAYU WIDYASTUTI Ramadhan, Muhammad Dhitya Ratna Sari Dewi RAUF, AUNU Rejeki, Henlia Peristiwi Rina Ambarwati Risa Nuriawati Rita Sulastini Rizki, Fathan Hadyan Rizky Ridwan Rofiq, Iwan Setiawan Rohimatun Rohimatun, Rohimatun Romadhoni, Danu Noval Rosidawaty Rosidawaty Rosyidawati, Rosyidawati Ruly Anwar Rusli Rustam Rusli Rustam Sahrul Saehana Sajodin, Sajodin Sakuroh, Lilis Sandra Arifin Aziz Sapta Yanuar, Ignatius Erik Sari, Nani Widya Sianipar, Ferry Agus Silvester Tursiloadi Siska Efendi Siti Fatimatul Zuhroh Siti Maesaroh Siti Nurhasanah Slamet Susanto Sri Widayanti Sri Yuliani Suciati, Fuzi Sudarman, Daman Sugino Sugino Sugiyono Sugiyono Sunaryo Syam Sunaryo, Dede Suryo Wiyono Syafrida Manuwoto Syafrida Manuwoto Syaiful Anwar Syaifullah Syaifullah Taufan Tanto Setyawan Tedy Subrata Trijanti A. Widinni Asnan U. Undayasari Ulinnuha, Nor Fatah Ulinuha, Nor Fattah Utami, Aidha Widodo, Guntarto Widy Rahayu, Selviana Teras Yusman Syaukat Yusman Syaukat