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All Journal Agrikultura Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Kultivasi Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Jurnal Kajian Budaya dan Humaniora (JKBH) Agrikultura Masyarakat Tani: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada masyarakat
Yani Maharani, Yani
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science

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BIOLOGI DAN NERACA HAYATI KUTU PUTIH PEPAYA PARACOCCUS MARGINATUS WILLIAMS & GRANARA DE WILLINK (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) PADA TIGA JENIS TUMBUHAN INANG Maharani, Yani; Rauf, Aunu; Sartiami, Dewi; Anwar, Ruly
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 16, No 1 (2016): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (19.933 KB)

Abstract

Biology and life table of papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on three host plant species. The papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), has been considered as a new invasive pest causing heavy damage on papaya in Indonesia since 2008. The pest is polyphagous with more than 55 host plant species. Study was conducted in laboratory with the objectives to determine developmental biology and life table parameters of the mealybug feeding on papaya, physic nut, and cassava leaves. Host plant species affected papaya mealybug performances. Egg stage lasted 7.25, 8.09, and 9.86 d on papaya, physic nut, and cassava, respectively. The shortest female nymphal developmental time was on papaya (18.91 d) and the longest on cassava (32.45 d). Longevity of adult males ranged from 1.09-2.85 d while females 12.29-14.93 d. When the mealybugs were reared on a seedling, the fecundity was higher on papaya (324.6) than those on physic nut (186.6) and cassava (157.5). No egg production occurred in virgin females. The sex ratio of P. marginatus favoured females, which comprised about 90% of population on papaya and cassava. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was significantly different among hosts, with the highest rate (0.117 female offspring/female/d) on papaya, followed by physic nut (0.079) and cassava (0.057). The maximum values of rm along with net reproductive rate (Ro) and finite rate of increase(λ), and the shortest mean generation time (T) and doubling time (Dt) on papaya, indicating that papaya was the more favorable host plant for P. marginatus.
In-situ characterization of Jatigede local Roid banana (Musa spp.) based on morphological and agronomical characteristics Ismail, Ade; Pratiwi, Vika Faraditha; Maulana, Haris; Bari, Ichsan Nurul; Maharani, Yani; Kusumah, Fajar Maulana Wijaya
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i1.45746

Abstract

Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the agricultural commodities that’s widely cultivated and used by the local community. Currently, only 101 types of local varieties of bananas are registered in Indonesia; one of them is the Roid banana from Jatigede District. Roid bananas grow wild without any mandatory special care. Continuous use without any conservation and preservation efforts can lead to scarcity of Roid banana germplasm as a genetic resource. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the distribution and diversity of Roid bananas through in situ exploration and characterization activities. This study aimed to identify the potential for genetic diversity and develop conservation efforts for the local variety of Roid banana (Musa spp.) in Jatigede District. This research was conducted from November 2021 - March 2022 in three villages in Jatigede District: Ciranggem Village, Jemah Village, and Mekarasih Village. The research used exploratory, survey, and interview methods as data collection techniques. Based on the results of the study, Jatigede District has a wide genetic diversity and distant kinship among Roid banana accessions. Characters that contributed to genetic diversity among accessions were the width of the midrib margin, the diameter of the bunch, and the length of the pseudostem. MS1.3 was the selected accession with its potential characteristics: more combs in bunches, leaf width of 71-80 cm, leaf length of 171-220 cm, and the number of rhizomes > 5 tillers.
Kutudaun (Hemiptera: Aphididae) pada gulma di sekitar lahan pertanian di Jawa Barat beserta kunci identifikasinya Maharani, Yani; Hidayat, Purnama; Rauf, Aunu; Maryana, Nina
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2018): July
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.15.2.68

Abstract

Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are considered as one the most important pest in the world. Some species of aphids were reported as serious pests and plant virus vectors, especially on horticultural crops. Weeds in the agricultural area can serve as an alternative hosts for some aphids which are plant pests or plant virus vectors. The objective of this research was to identify aphid species of weeds in the agricultural production area in West Java and to provide the identification key. Aphids collection was done on the weeds in the agricultural fields in 9 districts of West Java. Aphids were collected from 13 species (5 families) of weeds. The identification of aphid was peformed based on the adult specimens. The research manased to come up with 12 species of aphid on weeds. Three of the 12 collected species were Epameibaphis frigidae (Oestlund), Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker), and Pseudaphis sijui (Eastop) has never been reported in West Java. Six species were known as vectors of plant viruses in agricultural crops. The most commonly found aphid species was Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) in the yard grass (Eleusine indica).
The diversity and ecological roles of insects and arachnids in arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) plantation in Palasari, Bandung Regency: Keanekaragaman dan fungsi ekologis serangga dan arachnida pada ekosistem kopi arabika (Coffea arabica) di Palasari, Kabupaten Bandung Maharani, Yani; Dewi, Ajeng Putri Kusuma; Rasiska, Siska; Hutapea, Dedi; Maxiselly, Yudithia; Sandrawati, Apong
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2024): March
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.21.1.54

Abstract

The diversity of arthropod communities is often used as a bioindicator of environmental changes, specifically in coffee farms with various management systems. Significant impacts of the environmental changes lead to alterations in the community structure and function of arthropods. The aim of this research was to determine the diversity and ecological roles of insect and arachnids in arabica coffee plantations in Bandung Regency. Sampling was conducted on five plots measuring 100 m2 each, with a separating distance of 50 m, in coffee farms located in Legok Nyenang Village, Bandung Regency. This was performed five times per weekly intervals using sweep nets, yellow tray traps, and beating sheets. Subsequently, collected samples were identified based on morphological characters at the Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. A total of 269 insects species (11 orders and 98 families, total 669 individuals) and 23 species of Arachnida (one order and 13 families, total 44 individuals) were found, The most abundance of natural enemies were the parasitoid, Megacampsomeris prismatica (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae) and the predator, Tetragnatha sp. (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Meanwhile, the ecological function of the group with the lowest number was pollinators (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Although the diversity of insects and arachnids species found in coffee farms was high (H' = 5.10), the evenness and dominance index were relatively low. These results showed the potential of coffee plantations as ecosystems for conserving predatory arthropods biodiversity. Consequently, coffee cultivation practices and pest management strategies must prioritize the protection of beneficial insects such as natural enemies and pollinators.
Effect of chemical and mechanical weed control on weed seed banks in rice field Umiyati, Uum; Widayat, Dedi; Maharani, Yani
Kultivasi Vol 23, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v23i2.53673

Abstract

Weed control is essential for ensuring the diversity of weeds on agricultural land. A study was conducted in rice fields in Subang and Cianjur districts, where 24 fields were observed to have varying weed management approaches. The research employed descriptive methods, including surveys to identify weed types and destructive methods to analyze weed seed banks at different depths. The descriptive methods included surveys to identify weed types and destructive methods to analyze weed seed banks at different depths. Each district contained twelve rice fields that reflected diverse environmental conditions and weed control techniques, yet shared a similar age range of 1-5 weeks. The study examined the weed vegetation, community coefficients, weed diversity, weed dominance, and variations in seed banks at various depths. The results indicated that fields without herbicide-based weed control had a higher number of weed species than those using herbicides. Herbicide use effectively decreased weed populations, subsequently altering the seed bank composition. The dominant weeds in herbicide-treated fields were Cynodon dactylon, Pistia stratiotes, and Ludwigia adscendens, whereas Ludwigia adscendens, Cynodon dactylon, and Pistia stratiotes were dominant in fields without herbicides.
Pesticide Residues Analysis of Arabica Coffee Bean from Community Coffee Plantation Manglayang Mountain, Bandung Regency Rasiska, Siska; Maharani, Yani; Hutapea, Dedi Hutapea; Maxiselly, Yudithia; Wulandari, Ela Hasri
CROPSAVER Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v7i1.53114

Abstract

Coffee is one of the export commodities that has produced gross domestic product up to 16.15% of the agricultural sector. However, pesticide residues in agricultural products remain a barrier in the context of exports and agricultural product safety. The study aims to analyze the pesticide residue content in coffee produced by farmers at the Manglayang Mountain Community Coffee Plantation (CCP) compared to the maximum residue limit. The method used in this research is explorative descriptive by collecting samples from the Giri Senang Forest Community, Legok Nyenang-Giri Mekar Village, Cilengkrang District, Bandung Regency, and analyzed with the method EN 15662:2018. A kilogram of coffee is washed and dried for two days, then separated from the skin of the coffee and the green bean. The green bean are then extracted by QuEChERS, by adding 1% acetic acid in acetonitril and the extract is cleansed using high SPE  dispersive. LC-ESI-MS/MS is operated in MRM mode, and validated according to the SANTE 12682/2019 requirements. The results of the research showed that the coffee from was not detected containing residues of pesticides from the organophosphate and carbamate groups. Thus, the coffee products from Manglayang Mountain CCP are considered safe to be consumed, and can be exported abroad.
Keanekaragaman Serangga dan Fungsinya pada Tiga Tipe Perkebunan Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) di Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung Utari, Astarina; Maharani, Yani; Sudarjat, Sudarjat
Agrikultura Vol 35, No 3 (2024): Desember, 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v35i3.58144

Abstract

Keberadaan serangga dalam suatu ekosistem seringkali dianggap sebagai hama, meskipun demikian serangga memiliki fungsi ekologis yang bermanfaat sebagai penyerbuk, pengurai, musuh alami, dan sebagai bioindikator lingkungan. Perbedaan jenis penggunaan lahan pada perkebunan kopi dapat mengakibatkan perbedaan pada struktur komunitas dan fungsi ekologis serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman serangga dan fungsinya pada perkebunan kopi Arabika pemukiman, tumpangsari, dan agroforestri di Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat. Sampel diambil dari tiga perkebunan kopi Arabika di Desa Pulosari dan Margamulya, Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung dengan menetapkan lima titik sampling berukuran 100 m2 dengan jarak antar titik sampling berkisar 10–50 m. Sampel serangga ditangkap menggunakan perangkap ayun, perangkap kuning, dan perangkap Brocap. Sampel yang diperoleh diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi hingga tingkat morfospesies. Serangga yang berhasil dikumpulkan dari perkebunan kopi Arabika berjumlah 607 individu yang memiliki peran fungsional sebagai musuh alami, 47 individu sebagai polinator, 629 individu sebagai dekomposer, dan serangga yang merupakan herbivor berjumlah 2.821 individu. Indeks keanekaragaman serangga pada perkebunan kopi Arabika pemukiman (H’= 2,43) dan tumpangsari (H’= 2,79) memiliki kriteria sedang, sedangkan pada perkebunan kopi Arabika agroforestri (H’= 3,88) memiliki kriteria tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan kopi berpotensi sebagai habitat yang mendukung pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati serangga. Meskipun dominasi herbivor ditemukan di ketiga tipe perkebunan kopi, namun keberadaan serangga musuh alami, polinator, dan dekomposer membantu menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem dan mendukung produktivitas pertanian. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan habitat yang tepat dalam praktik budidaya kopi sangat diperlukan untuk mengelola fungsi ekologi yang seimbang.
Eksplorasi Jamur Entomopatogen sebagai Agen Biokontrol Lalat Buah Bactrocera spp. pada Berbagai Varietas Jeruk di Kabupaten Garut Keliat, Chrisnasari Yanti; Susanto, Agus; Maharani, Yani; Suganda, Tarkus
Agrikultura Vol 36, No 1 (2025): April, 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v36i1.60842

Abstract

Bactrocera spp. merupakan salah satu hama utama pada buah jeruk yang menyebabkan kerugian hasil yang signifikan. Pengendalian ramah lingkungan diperlukan untuk mengatasi kerugian akibat serangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi keberadaan jamur entomopatogen yang menginfeksi Bactrocera spp. serta menganalisis indeks keanekaragaman, kekayaan, kemerataan, dan dominansi entomopatogen pada tiga varietas jeruk di Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2024 di tiga lokasi, jeruk Siam di Desa Neglasari, jeruk Keprok Terigas di Desa Kadungora, dan jeruk Lemon di Desa Sukatani. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode sistematis pada area seluas 2500 m², dengan lima titik sampling yang ditentukan secara diagonal. Sampel tanah diambil dari 20 pohon pada kedalaman 0–10 cm dan disimpan dalam kondisi gelap pada suhu 4°C sebelum dianalisis. Metode yang digunakan yaitu umpan serangga menggunakan larva Tenebrio molitor. Jamur yang menyelubungi tubuh larva yang terinfeksi diisolasi dan diidentifikasi. Pada varietas Lemon didapatkan 7 isolat (4 B. bassiana, 3 M. anisopliae), varietas Siam 4 isolat (3 B. bassiana, 1 M. anisopliae), dan varietas Terigas 3 isolat (2 B. bassiana, 1 M. anisopliae). Penemuan jamur entomopatogen ini menunjukkan potensi keberadaan agen hayati untuk pengendalian Bactrocera spp. Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) rendah (0,56-0,68), indeks kekayaan (DMg) rendah (0,51-0,91), indeks kemerataan (E) tinggi (0,81-0,99), dan indeks dominansi (C) sedang (0,51-0,63). Meskipun indeks keanekaragaman dan kekayaan rendah, namun tingginya nilai kemerataan menunjukkan distribusi yang merata di dalam habitatnya. Penelitian ini menjadi dasar strategi konservasi, pengelolaan hayati, dan pemilihan isolat unggul untuk pengendalian Bactrocera spp. pada berbagai varietas jeruk.
Keefektivan Campuran Kitosan Nano dan Silika Nano dalam Menekan Alternaria porri dan Penyakit Bercak Ungu pada Tanaman Bawang Merah Hersanti, Hersanti; Aldriana, Suyus Muhammad Landy Haekal; Maharani, Yani; Hartati, Sri
Agrikultura Vol 36, No 1 (2025): April, 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v36i1.59886

Abstract

Alternaria porri merupakan jamur penyebab penyakit bercak ungu pada tanaman bawang merah. Penyakit ini mengakibatkan kerugian lebih dari 57%.  Kitosan dan silika merupakan bahan alami yang dapat digunakan sebagai fungisida bahan alam. Pemanfaatan teknologi nano dalam mengembangkan fungisida bahan alam bertujuan untuk memperkecil ukuran partikel bahan tersebut, agar lebih mudah diserap oleh tanaman sehingga lebih efisien dan efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kosentrasi campuran kitosan nano dan silika nano yang efektif dalam menekan jamur A. porri (in vitro) dan menekan penyakit bercak ungu pada tanaman bawang merah (in vivo).  Uji in vitro menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan uji in vivo menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Perlakuan yang diuji dalam percobaan meliputi aplikasi campuran bahan nano dalam perbandingan 1:1 serta kontrol dan pembanding meliputi kitosan nano 100 ppm, silika nano 100 ppm, campuran kitosan nano dan silika nano pada empat tingkat konsentrasi (50 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, dan 300 ppm), asam asetat 1%, fungisida mankozeb 80%, serta kontrol akuades. Setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran kitosan nano 300 ppm dan silika nano 300 ppm mampu menyebabkan penekanan tertinggi terhadap pertumbuhan koloni A. porri sebesar 94,44% dan perkecambahan konidia sebesar 85%, serta paling efektif menekan penyakit bercak ungu pada tanaman bawang merah sebesar 73%.
Sosialisasi Budi Daya Lalat Tentara Hitam (Hermetia illucens) bagi Masyarakat Desa Cibiru Tonggoh, Kabupaten Bandung Maharani, Yani; Fatimah, Sri; Umiyati, Uum
Agrikultura Masyarakat Tani Vol 1, No 2 (2024): Maret
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrimasta.v1i2.54383

Abstract

Lalat tentara hitam atau Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) adalah serangga yang bermanfaat dan berguna dalam mendegradasi sampah organik dan dapat menjadi pakan ternak. Budi daya Black Soldier Fly (BSF) saat ini sedang banyak dikembangkan, salah satu tempat yang sedang mengembangkannya adalah Desa Cibiru Tonggoh. Terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang menghambat kegiatan budidaya BSF di desa tersebut, di antaranya adalah kurangnya keterampilan para peternak dalam melakukan budi daya dan tidak tercukupinya kebutuhan maggot karena keterbatasan proses produksi. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini ialah meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat peternak BSF di Cibiru Tonggoh melalui pendampingan praktik yang dilakukan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan berupa sharing session dan pendampingan praktik dengan anggota Kelompok Budi Daya Jaya Ulung dalam mengoptimalkan budi daya maggot BSF. Hasil dari kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan dan keterampilan peternak BSF di Desa Cibiru Tonggoh, Kabupaten Bandung. Bertambahnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam budi daya BSF diharapkan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan maggot untuk pakan ternak seperti ayam dan ikan lele yang menjadi sumber pendapatan masyarakat setempat dan juga dapat menambah perekonomian dari penjualan ternak mereka
Co-Authors Ade Ismail Agung Karuniawan Agus Susanto Aldriana, Suyus Muhammad Landy Haekal Amanda, Lauren Thalita Bari, Ichsan Nurul Dede Maryana Dedi Widayat DEWI SARTIAMI Dewi, Ajeng Putri Kusuma Hersanti - Hutapea, Dedi Hutapea, Dedi Hutapea Keliat, Chrisnasari Yanti Kusumah, Fajar Maulana Wijaya Leider, Putri Artha Maulana, Haris Pratiwi, Vika Faraditha PURNAMA HIDAYAT RAUF, AUNU Rizkie, Lilian Ruly Anwar Sandrawati, Apong SIska Rasiska, SIska Sri Fatimah Sri Hartati Subakti-Putri, Syifa Nabilah Sudarjat Sudarjat Tarkus Suganda Utari, Astarina Uum Umiyati WARID ALI QOSIM Wijaya Kusumah, Fajar Maulana Wulandari, Ela Hasri Yudithia Maxiselly, Yudithia