Devi Rusmin
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat

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LACK OF EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT ON THE VIABILITY OF MACADAMIA (Macadamia integrifolia) SEED Hasanah, Maharani; ., Sukarman; ., Sukarman; Rusmin, Devi; Rusmin, Devi
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 3, No 2 (2002): October 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

One problem in developing macadamia in Indonesia is the limited availability of good quality seed. Viability of the seed is easily lost and erratic, and the seed has long dormancy periods. The objective of the study was to find a method for enhancing germination percentage of macadamia seed. The study evaluated different pretreatments of macadamia seeds before planting. The pretreatments were period of fermentation, i.e., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 daysone day each soakingdrying-soakingone day each drying-soaking-dryingand alternate drying-soaking until the seeds were cracked. The treatments were arranged in completely randomized design. Results showed that no treatment significantly affected percentage of seed germination, index of speed of germination, number of leaves, and dehydrogenase enzyme activity, but treatments significantly affected seedling height and electric conductivity of seed leakage solution. Seed germination percentage ranged from 66.67 to 86.67.
LACK OF EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT ON THE VIABILITY OF MACADAMIA (Macadamia integrifolia) SEED Hasanah, Maharani; ., Sukarman; ., Sukarman; Rusmin, Devi; Rusmin, Devi
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 3, No 2 (2002): October 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

One problem in developing macadamia in Indonesia is the limited availability of good quality seed. Viability of the seed is easily lost and erratic, and the seed has long dormancy periods. The objective of the study was to find a method for enhancing germination percentage of macadamia seed. The study evaluated different pretreatments of macadamia seeds before planting. The pretreatments were period of fermentation, i.e., 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 daysone day each soakingdrying-soakingone day each drying-soaking-dryingand alternate drying-soaking until the seeds were cracked. The treatments were arranged in completely randomized design. Results showed that no treatment significantly affected percentage of seed germination, index of speed of germination, number of leaves, and dehydrogenase enzyme activity, but treatments significantly affected seedling height and electric conductivity of seed leakage solution. Seed germination percentage ranged from 66.67 to 86.67.
PENGARUH UMUR PANEN RIMPANG TERHADAP PERUBAHAN FISIOLOGI DAN VIABILITAS BENIH JAHE PUTIH BESAR SELAMA PENYIMPANAN RUSMIN, DEVI; SUHARTANTO, M.R.; ILYAS, SATRIYAS; MANOHARA, DYAH; WIDAJATI, ENY
853-8212
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

ABSTRAKSalah satu faktor yang menentukan daya simpan benih jahe putihbesar (JPB) adalah mutu. Mutu benih sangat ditentukan oleh tingkatkemasakan rimpang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruhumur panen terhadap perubahan fisiologi dan viabilitas benih selamapenyimpanan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca dan LaboratoriumTeknologi Benih, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat sertaLaboratorium Pascapanen IPB Bogor, mulai bulan Juli 2012 sampaidengan Februari 2013. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak lengkap(RAL) dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah tiga tingkat umurpanen benih 7, 8, dan 9 bulan setelah tanam (BST). Pengamatan dilakukanterhadap perubahan fisiologis (penyusutan bobot, persentase rimpangbertunas, tunas, kadar air, dan laju respirasi), serta viabilitas rimpang benih(daya tumbuh, tinggi, dan bobot kering bibit). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan rimpang benih umur 7 dan 8 BST mempunyai daya simpanterbaik karena menghasilkan masing-masing total angka penyusutan bobotlebih rendah (24,65 dan 25,25%) dan tunas lebih pendek (0,30 dan 1,08cm) dibandingkan dengan umur panen 9 BST (27,13% dan 1,62 cm),selama 4 bulan disimpan. Masa dormansi rimpang benih JPB mulai pecahsetelah mengalami periode simpan 2 bulan. Pertumbuhannya mulaiseragam setelah 3 bulan simpan. Umur panen jahe 7 dan 8 BSTmempunyai derajat dormansi yang lebih tinggi dibanding 9 BST. Rimpangbenih umur panen 7, 8, dan 9 BST mempunyai daya tumbuh tinggi (>95%)dan pertumbuhan bibit seragam setelah 3 bulan disimpan.Kata kunci: Zingiber officinale Rosc., penyimpanan, benih, perubahanfisiologis, viabilitasABSTRACTOne of the factors that determine the storability of seed rhizome ofwhite big ginger (WBG) is quality. The quality is determined by thematurity levels of seed rhizome. The aim of the experiment was to observethe effect of harvesting time on physiological changes and seed viability ofWBG seed rhizomes during the storage. The experiment was conducted atGreen House and Seed Technology Laboratory of Indonesian Spice andMedicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor and Postharvest Laboratory,IPB, from July 2012 to February 2013. The experiment was arranged in acompletely randomized design with five replications. The treatmentstested were three levels of WBG seed rhizome harvesting time: 7, 8, and 9month after planting (MAP). Variables observed were physiologicalchanges of seed rhizomes during the storage (weight loss, sproutingpercentage, shoot height, respiration rate, and moisture content) andviability (growth ability, height, and dry weight of the seedling). Theresults showed that seed rhizomes at 7 and 8 had the best storability, sinceit was produced each low rate of weight loss (24.65 and 25.25%), andshoots shorter (0.3 and 1.08 cm) than 9 MAP (27.13% and 1.62 cm), for 4months in storage. Dormancy of WBG seed rhizomes has been brokenafter 2 months in storage. Harvesting at 7 and 8 showed a degree ofdormancy higher than the harvesting age 9 MAP. Harvesting time at 7, 8,and 9 MAP had high growth ability (> 95%) and uniform seedling growthafter 3 months in storage.Keywords: Zingiber officinale Rosc., storage, seed, physiologicalchanges, viability
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP VIABILITAS RIMPANG JAHE PUTIH KECIL Melati, Melati; Rusmin, Devi
JURNAL AGRONIDA Vol 4, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (19.733 KB) | DOI: 10.30997/jag.v4i1.1559

Abstract

One problem for developing small white ginger (Zingiber officinale var.  amarum) is the availability of high quality rhizome seeds in right  quantity and time. Seed rhizome will sprout quickly, and its quality will decreased in immature seed rhizome and in not good storage conditions. The main objective of the experiment was to study the best storage room conditions for storage rhizome seeds of small white ginger.  The experiment was conducted in seed laboratory and storage room of Research Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Bogor. The experiment  was conducted by randomized complete design with nine different storage, 3 replication and 25 samples each treatment.  The treatments are 1) rhizome seeds  storage in room temperature (control),(2) rhizome seeds storage in AC room (16–240C),(3) rhizome seed  soaked in paclobutrazol 1000 ppm for 4 hours then seeds storage  in room temperature ( 4) put rhizome seeds in rack and cover by straw, storage in   room temperature (5) rhizome seed storage on straws in the greenhouse ( 6) rhizome seed storage in the greenhouse without straw ( 7) rhizome seed soaked in water during 1 hour every  month then dried naturally in 300C and storage  in AC room (8) rhizome seed soaked in paclobutrazol 1000 ppm for 4 hour then storage  in AC room ( 9) put rhizome  in wood box and cover by rice straw and husk. Variables observed include moisture contents of ginger seed, lost weight of seed and germination percentage of rhizome seeds at the end of storage period. The result of experiment indicated that  the moisture content and weight rhizome seeds decrease after 2 months. After four months storage period, moisture content was still high  above 80 %, except rhizome seeds in under ground.  The rhizome seeds that store in AC room showed the best performance and thus, this treatment can be recommended for storage of small white ginger rhizome seeds for 4 months. The low moisture content  (< 80%) of rhizome small white ginger seeds will decreased  its viability.   Keywords: Zingiber officinale, seed, storage, viability
STUDI FENOLOGI DAN PENENTUAN MASAK FISIOLOGIS BENIH PURWOCENG Rusmin, Devi; Darwati, Ireng
JURNAL AGRONIDA Vol 4, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (19.733 KB) | DOI: 10.30997/jag.v4i1.1560

Abstract

The experiment was conducted at Gunung Putri Experimental Station and PlantPhysiology Laboratory of Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute(IMACRI), from November 2008 to July 2009. The aim of the experiment was to determinephysiological maturity of Pimpinella pruatjan seed and to study its morphological structures.Observation and sampling using one hundred plants with four replications. Results of theexperiment showed that the physiological seed maturity on the first and third umbell of P.Pruatjan was achieved at 7 weeks after anthesis, and physiological seed maturity on thesecond umbell was achieved at 8 weeks after anthesis. Seed dry weight on the physiologicalseed maturity on first, second and third umbells were 166,87; 158,20, and 141,35 mg/100pericarp, respectively. Germination percentage and germination speed on the first, secondand third umbells were 5,75 % and 0,22 %/etmal; 22,75 % and 0,94 %/etmal; 10,50 % and0,38 %/etmal, respectively.Keywords: flowering, pruatjan, seed quality, morphology
PENGARUH LOKASI PRODUKSI DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP MUTU BENIH JAHE (Zingiber officinale L.) SUKARMAN, SUKARMAN; RUSMIN, DEVI; MELATI, MELATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 14, No 3 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (171.343 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v14n3.2008.119-124

Abstract

ABSTRAKSalah satu permasalahan dalam budidaya jahe (Zingiber officinaleL.) adalah masih rendahnya produktivitas dan mutu jahe, yang antara laindisebabkan oleh penggunaan bahan tanaman/benih yang masih asalan/kurang memenuhi persyaratan. Usaha untuk penyediaan benih yangbermutu di antaranya dapat dilakukan dengan penanaman di daerah yangtepat serta menyimpan benih dengan cara yang baik dan benar. Sampaisaat ini informasi mengenai mutu benih jahe dari lokasi produksi(ketinggian tempat, jenis lahan dan jenis tanah) yang berbeda masihterbatas. Oleh karena itu, percobaan ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untukmempelajari mutu fisik dan fisiologik benih jahe dari lokasi produksiyang berbeda selama periode penyimpanan. Percobaan dilakukan di daerahsentra produksi jahe di Dusun Cipanas, Desa Werasari, KecamatanBantarujek, Kabupaten Majalengka, Jawa Barat dari bulan Juli sampaiNovember 2003, dengan menggunakan tiga jenis jahe yaitu: Jahe PutihBesar/JPB (Z. officinale var. officinale), Jahe Putih Kecil /JPK (Z.officinale var. amarum), dan Jahe Merah/JM (Z. officinale var. rubrum).Untuk masing-masing jenis jahe diperlakukan dengan kombinasi lokasiproduksi dan lama penyimpanan. Untuk masing-masing jenis jahepercobaan disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi (RPT) dengan tigaulangan. Petak utama yaitu asal lokasi produksi benih: (1) Cipanaslingkungan tumbuh dengan tinggi tempat ± 600 m dpl, lahan sawah tadahhujan, tekstur tanah liat berpasir, kemiringan 0-10% dan (2). Cipicunglingkungan tumbuh dengan tinggi tempat ± 800 m dpl, lahan tegalan,tekstur tanah debu berpasir, kemiringan 10-20%. Anak petak yaitu periodepenyimpanan : 0, 1, 2, dan 3 bulan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadarair benih, penyusutan bobot benih dan daya tumbuh benih. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk masing-masing jenis jahe (JPB,JPK, dan JM) yang berasal dari Cipanas maupun Cipicung, mempunyaimutu fisik (kadar air dan penyusutan bobot rimpang) tidak nyatadipengaruhi oleh interaksi lokasi produksi dan lama penyimpanan, sertafaktor tunggal lokasi produksi, tetapi nyata dipengaruhi oleh faktortunggal lama penyimpanan Setelah tiga bulan penyimpanan kadar airbenih rimpang dari lokasi produksi Cipanas dan Cipicung untuk JPB masih82,43% dan 80,67%, JPK kadar airnya masih 84,16% dan 81,31%, danJM 69,49% dan 65,88%. Penyusutan bobot rimpang untuk masing-masingjenis jahe dari lokasi produksi Cipanas dan Cipicung sebagai berikut : JPB14,44% dan 14,82% ; JPK 17,84% dan 26,11% ; JM 48,40% dan 37 14%.Daya tumbuh benih setelah 3 bulan penyimpanan untuk masing-masingjenis jahe dari lokasi produksi Cipanas dan Cipicung sebagai berikut : JPB92,00- 93,32%, JPK 85,33- 86,67% dan JM 86,67-89,33%. Kadar airbenih/rimpang jahe menurun, sedangkan penyusutan bobot rimpangmeningkat sejalan dengan lamanya penyimpanan. JPB, JPK dan JM yangberasal dari Cipanas maupun Cipicung dapat disimpan selama tiga bulan,tanpa mengalami penurunan mutu fisik dan fisiologik yang berarti.Kata kunci : Zingiber officinale, lokasi produksi benih, lamapenyimpanan, mutu benihABSTRACTProduction effect of locations and storage periods onginger seeds qualityProblems of ginger cultivation are low productivity and quality ofginger due to low quality of ginger seed for planting materials. Highquality of ginger seed will be achieved by planting ginger seed in suitableplace and methods. Recently, the information concerning the quality ofginger seed from different production location (altitude, soil types andarea) is still limited. Based on the problems, this experiment wasconducted with special aim to study the physical and physiological qualityof ginger seed from different sources of seed during storage periods. Theexperiment was conducted at the producer center i.e. of ginger, Cipanas,Werasari Village, Sub District Bantarujek, District Majalengka, from Julyto November, 2003. The experiment used three kinds of ginger namelywas white big ginger (Z. officinale var. officinale), small white ginger (Z.officinale var. amarum) and red ginger (Z. officinale var. rubrum). Theexperiment was arranged in split-plot design with 3 replications. The mainfactor was two productions location, there were: ginger seed produced inCipanas (altitude ± 600m above sea level, rain fed area, clay sandy, andslope 0-10%) and ginger seed produce in Cipicung (altitude ± 800m abovesea level, upland area, clay sandy, and slope 10 -20%). The sub plot were0, 1, 2 and 3 month periods of storage. Variables were observed includemoisture content, weight and germination percentage of gingerseed/rhizome after three months storage. The results of experimentindicated that for each kind of ginger (white big ginger, white small gingerand red ginger) physical quality (moisture content of seeds and loosingweight of seed) had no significant interaction between location productionand period of storage or single factor of location production. However,they were significantly effected by single factor periods of storage. After 3months storage, the moisture content of white big ginger produced fromCipanas were 82,43% and 80,67%. For white small ginger the moisturecontend were 84,16% and 81,31%, especially white small ginger producedfrom Cipanas and Cipicung. While the moisture content of red ginger seedproduced from Cipanas and Cipicung were 69,47% and 63,88%. Weightdecrease for each kinds of ginger produced from Cipanas and Cipicungwere as follows white big ginger 14,44% and 14,82%, white small ginger17,84% and 26,11%, red ginger 48,40% and 37,14%. After 3 monthsstorage the germination percentage for each kind of ginger produced fromCipanas and Cipicung were as follows white big ginger 92,00% and93,32%, white small ginger 86,67% and 83,33% and red ginger 89,33%and 86,67%.Key words : Zingiber officinale, location of seed production, storageperiods, seed quality
PENGARUH LOKASI PRODUKSI DAN LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP MUTU BENIH JAHE (Zingiber officinale L.) SUKARMAN, SUKARMAN; RUSMIN, DEVI; MELATI, MELATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 14, No 3 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v14n3.2008.119-124

Abstract

ABSTRAKSalah satu permasalahan dalam budidaya jahe (Zingiber officinaleL.) adalah masih rendahnya produktivitas dan mutu jahe, yang antara laindisebabkan oleh penggunaan bahan tanaman/benih yang masih asalan/kurang memenuhi persyaratan. Usaha untuk penyediaan benih yangbermutu di antaranya dapat dilakukan dengan penanaman di daerah yangtepat serta menyimpan benih dengan cara yang baik dan benar. Sampaisaat ini informasi mengenai mutu benih jahe dari lokasi produksi(ketinggian tempat, jenis lahan dan jenis tanah) yang berbeda masihterbatas. Oleh karena itu, percobaan ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untukmempelajari mutu fisik dan fisiologik benih jahe dari lokasi produksiyang berbeda selama periode penyimpanan. Percobaan dilakukan di daerahsentra produksi jahe di Dusun Cipanas, Desa Werasari, KecamatanBantarujek, Kabupaten Majalengka, Jawa Barat dari bulan Juli sampaiNovember 2003, dengan menggunakan tiga jenis jahe yaitu: Jahe PutihBesar/JPB (Z. officinale var. officinale), Jahe Putih Kecil /JPK (Z.officinale var. amarum), dan Jahe Merah/JM (Z. officinale var. rubrum).Untuk masing-masing jenis jahe diperlakukan dengan kombinasi lokasiproduksi dan lama penyimpanan. Untuk masing-masing jenis jahepercobaan disusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi (RPT) dengan tigaulangan. Petak utama yaitu asal lokasi produksi benih: (1) Cipanaslingkungan tumbuh dengan tinggi tempat ± 600 m dpl, lahan sawah tadahhujan, tekstur tanah liat berpasir, kemiringan 0-10% dan (2). Cipicunglingkungan tumbuh dengan tinggi tempat ± 800 m dpl, lahan tegalan,tekstur tanah debu berpasir, kemiringan 10-20%. Anak petak yaitu periodepenyimpanan : 0, 1, 2, dan 3 bulan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadarair benih, penyusutan bobot benih dan daya tumbuh benih. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk masing-masing jenis jahe (JPB,JPK, dan JM) yang berasal dari Cipanas maupun Cipicung, mempunyaimutu fisik (kadar air dan penyusutan bobot rimpang) tidak nyatadipengaruhi oleh interaksi lokasi produksi dan lama penyimpanan, sertafaktor tunggal lokasi produksi, tetapi nyata dipengaruhi oleh faktortunggal lama penyimpanan Setelah tiga bulan penyimpanan kadar airbenih rimpang dari lokasi produksi Cipanas dan Cipicung untuk JPB masih82,43% dan 80,67%, JPK kadar airnya masih 84,16% dan 81,31%, danJM 69,49% dan 65,88%. Penyusutan bobot rimpang untuk masing-masingjenis jahe dari lokasi produksi Cipanas dan Cipicung sebagai berikut : JPB14,44% dan 14,82% ; JPK 17,84% dan 26,11% ; JM 48,40% dan 37 14%.Daya tumbuh benih setelah 3 bulan penyimpanan untuk masing-masingjenis jahe dari lokasi produksi Cipanas dan Cipicung sebagai berikut : JPB92,00- 93,32%, JPK 85,33- 86,67% dan JM 86,67-89,33%. Kadar airbenih/rimpang jahe menurun, sedangkan penyusutan bobot rimpangmeningkat sejalan dengan lamanya penyimpanan. JPB, JPK dan JM yangberasal dari Cipanas maupun Cipicung dapat disimpan selama tiga bulan,tanpa mengalami penurunan mutu fisik dan fisiologik yang berarti.Kata kunci : Zingiber officinale, lokasi produksi benih, lamapenyimpanan, mutu benihABSTRACTProduction effect of locations and storage periods onginger seeds qualityProblems of ginger cultivation are low productivity and quality ofginger due to low quality of ginger seed for planting materials. Highquality of ginger seed will be achieved by planting ginger seed in suitableplace and methods. Recently, the information concerning the quality ofginger seed from different production location (altitude, soil types andarea) is still limited. Based on the problems, this experiment wasconducted with special aim to study the physical and physiological qualityof ginger seed from different sources of seed during storage periods. Theexperiment was conducted at the producer center i.e. of ginger, Cipanas,Werasari Village, Sub District Bantarujek, District Majalengka, from Julyto November, 2003. The experiment used three kinds of ginger namelywas white big ginger (Z. officinale var. officinale), small white ginger (Z.officinale var. amarum) and red ginger (Z. officinale var. rubrum). Theexperiment was arranged in split-plot design with 3 replications. The mainfactor was two productions location, there were: ginger seed produced inCipanas (altitude ± 600m above sea level, rain fed area, clay sandy, andslope 0-10%) and ginger seed produce in Cipicung (altitude ± 800m abovesea level, upland area, clay sandy, and slope 10 -20%). The sub plot were0, 1, 2 and 3 month periods of storage. Variables were observed includemoisture content, weight and germination percentage of gingerseed/rhizome after three months storage. The results of experimentindicated that for each kind of ginger (white big ginger, white small gingerand red ginger) physical quality (moisture content of seeds and loosingweight of seed) had no significant interaction between location productionand period of storage or single factor of location production. However,they were significantly effected by single factor periods of storage. After 3months storage, the moisture content of white big ginger produced fromCipanas were 82,43% and 80,67%. For white small ginger the moisturecontend were 84,16% and 81,31%, especially white small ginger producedfrom Cipanas and Cipicung. While the moisture content of red ginger seedproduced from Cipanas and Cipicung were 69,47% and 63,88%. Weightdecrease for each kinds of ginger produced from Cipanas and Cipicungwere as follows white big ginger 14,44% and 14,82%, white small ginger17,84% and 26,11%, red ginger 48,40% and 37,14%. After 3 monthsstorage the germination percentage for each kind of ginger produced fromCipanas and Cipicung were as follows white big ginger 92,00% and93,32%, white small ginger 86,67% and 83,33% and red ginger 89,33%and 86,67%.Key words : Zingiber officinale, location of seed production, storageperiods, seed quality
Perlakuan Fisik dan Kimia Untuk Menghilangkan Kekerasan Benih Secang Rusmin, Devi; Hasanah, Maharani
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 8, No 2 (1993): Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v8n2.1993.100-107

Abstract