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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Jurnal Teknik Sipil Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis PERENNIAL

Sucahyo Sadiyo

Departemen Hasil Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Pertanian Bogor Jl. Raya Darmaga, Bogor 16680

Author-ID : 367761

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science

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Desain Kekuatan Sambungan Geser Tunggal Menggunakan Paku pada Lima Jenis Kayu Indonesia Riezky Rakamuliawan Sutanto; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Naresworo Nugroho
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 25 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2018.25.1.4

AbstrakStandar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7973 (2013) adalah standar yang umum digunakan dalam penentuan konstruksi kayu di Indonesia. Dalam SNI-7973 terdapat cara penentuan nilai desain sambungan kayu secara teoritis yang saat ini masih mengadopsi nilai-nilai yang diperoleh dari National Desain Specification (NDS) (2012). NDS sendiri disusun berdasarkan sifat-sifat kayu berdaun jarum yang umum digunakan di Amerika. Nilai-nilai yang diadopsi tersebut tentunya meningkatkan resiko ketidaksesuaian jika digunakan langsung di Indonesia, hal ini karena Indonesia sebagai negara tropis memilki kayu dengan rentang berat jenis yang lebih besar dan didominasi oleh kayu berdaun lebar dengan struktur anatomi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini membandingkan nilai desain sambungan kayu yang diperoleh dari pengujian secara empiris dengan nilai desain sambungan yang dihasilkan secara teoritis berdasarkan SNI-7973 dan Eurocode 5 (EC-5) (2004). Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai desain sambungan kayu terendah diperoleh pada sambungan kayu Paraserienthes falcataria menggunakan paku 10 cm sebesar 53.66 kgf dan nilai tertinggi diperoleh pada sambungan kayu Shorea laevifolia menggunakan paku 15 cm sebesar 149.89 kgf. Penentuan nilai desain teoritis SNI-7973 menghasilkan nilai lebih rendah sebesar 13.65% sedangkan EC-5 menghasilkan nilai lebih tinggi 8.87% dibandingkan nilai yang diperoleh pada pengujian empiris.AbstractStandar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7973 (2013) is a standard that commonly used in the determination of wood construction in Indonesia. In SNI-7973 there is a theoretical method to determining the design value of wood connection that currently still adopt the values derived from National Design Specification (NDS) (2012). NDS itself is structured based on the properties of softwood that commonly used in America. The values adopted are certainly increase the risk of incompatibility if used directly in Indonesia, this is because Indonesia as a tropical country has wood with wider range of specific gravity and dominated by hardwood with different anatomical structures. This study compares the value of single shear wooden connection design obtained from empirical testing with theoretically generated connection values based on SNI-7973 and Eurocode 5 (EC-5) (2004). The results showed the lowest design value of wood connections obtained on Paraserienthes falcataria wood connection using 10 cm nail by53.66 kgf and the highest value obtained on Shorea laevifolia wood connection using 15 cm nail by 149.89 kgf. The determination of the theoretical design value based on SNI-7973 yielded a lower value of 13.65% while EC-5 yielded a higher value of 8.87% than the value obtained from empirical testing.

Nilai Kekuatan Tumpu Baut pada Empat Jenis Kayu Rakyat Indonesia Sucahyo Sadiyo; Dwi Susanto; Nanda Elsa Sara Pratiwi
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 24 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2017.24.2.6

AbstrakKekuatan tumpu baut merupakan salah satu parameter penting yang memengaruhi nilai desain rujukan (Z) pada sambungan tipe dowel. Di Indonesia penentuan nilai kekuatan tumpu baut dapat ditentukan berdasarkan SNI 7973-2013 yang mengadopsi standar NDS. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan nilai kekuatan tumpu baut menggunakan tiga ukuran diameter baut (1/2 in, 5/8 in, dan 3/4 in) dan empat jenis kayu rakyat Indonesia yaitu sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), manii (Maesopsis eminii) dan nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) kemudian membandingkannya dengan SNI 7973. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan nilai kekuatan tumpu baut dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan dan berat jenis kayu. Nilai kekuatan tekan maksimum sejajar serat dapat digunakan sebagai parameter dalam menduga nilai kekuatan tumpu baut yang dihasilkan. Semakin tinggi kekuatan tekan maksimum sejajar serat maka kekuatan tumpu baut yang dihasilkan akan semakin tinggi pula. Nilai kekuatan tumpu baut berdasarkan jenis kayu berturut-turut yaitu sengon 161 kg/cm2, jabon 151 kg/cm2, manii 243 kg/cm2 dan nangka 392 kg/cm2. Baut dengan diameter 1/2 in memiliki nilai kekuatan tumpu baut tertinggi kecuali pada kayu jabon. Perbandingan nilai kekuatan tumpu baut pada kayu sengon dan jabon terhadap SNI 7973 cukup signifikan (16-27%) sedangkan pada kayu manii dan nangka tidak signifikan (2-3%).AbstractThe fasteners bearing strength is one of the properties that affect reference design value (Z) on dowel-type connections. In Indonesia, the value of bolt bearing strength can be determined in theory by SNI 7973 which adopt NDS standard. This study was conducted to determine the bolt bearing strength by using three bolts diameter (1/2 in, 5/8 in and 3/4 in) and four Indonesian woods community species which are sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), manii (Maesopsis eminii) and nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) compared with SNI 7973. The results showed that bolt bearing strength can be affected by density and specific gravity. Moreover, the compression strength parallel to grain can be used as a parameter to predict bolt bearing strength. The higher compression strength parallel to grain, the higher bolt bearing strength will be. The bolt bearing strength based on wood species were sengon 161 kg/cm2, jabon 151 kg/cm2, manii 243 kg/cm2 and nangka 392 kg/cm2 respectively. Bolt with 1/2 in diameter has the highest bolt bearing strength except for jabon wood. The difference of bolt bearing strength on sengon and jabon versus SNI 7973 was differ significantly by 16-27% while the bolt bearing strength on manii and nangka was not differ significantly by 2-3%.

Properties of Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Steam Treated Bamboo Strands under Various Adhesive Combinations Adrin Adrin; Fauzi Febrianto; Sucahyo Sadiyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of this research were to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of Oriented Strand Board (OSB) prepared from steam treated betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) strands under various adhesive combinations. The strands were steamed at 126 °C for 1 h with the pressure of 1.4 kg cm-2 prior to be blended with adhesive. Three-layered OSBs with the core layer orientation perpendicular to the face layers were prepared by bonding using 5% methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (ISO), 7% phenol formaldehyde (PF), combination of ISO:PF:ISO and PF:ISO:PF adhesives. Paraffin in amount of 1% was added as an additive. The strand ratio for face, core, and back layers was 1:1:1, respectively.The results indicated that the physical properties i.e., water absorption and thickness swelling, and mechanical properties i.e., modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity both parallel and perpendicular to the grain direction and internal bond of OSB bonded ISO and combination of ISO:PF:ISO adhesives were much better than that of bonded with combination PF:ISO:PF and PF adhesives. Almost all parameters of OSB tested in this experiment were higher than the minimum criteria requirement of CSA 0437.0 (Grade 0-2) standard, except the value of MOE perpendicular to the grain direction of OSB bonded with PF adhesive.Key words: betung bamboo, isocyanate, oriented strand board, phenol formaldehyde, steam

Characteristics Ultrasonic Waves Velocity and Anatomical Properties of Tapping Pine Maryam Jamilah; Lina Karlinasari; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Gunawan Santosa
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Non-destructive testing based on sound wave propagation has been used widely to estimate wood quality of standing trees. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the sound wave velocity in relation to pine resin productivity and resin intercellular frequency and diameter. The samples were 72 trees consisted of 36 trees which were tapped by the quarre method and 36 other trees were tapped with addition of stimulants. The speed of sound waves propagation was measured by SylvatestDuo for radial direction and longitudinal. The tapping position was determined refering to the wind direction. The resin productivity was twice for tapping with stimulant comparing to the control. The highest resin productivity was 87.31 g per harvest for tapping with stimulant and the lowest (39.86 g per harvest) for control. Statistically, there was not significant difference in sound speed for tapped position as well as for measurement before and after tapped of both radial and longitudinal testing, as well as for the anatomical properties of both of treatments. A high positive correlation was found between resin productivity and intercellular frequency for both treatments (r>0.80), however, there was not significance correlation between resin productivity and other parameters.Keywords: Pinus merkusii, resin tapping, sound wave propagation

Kajian Hubungan antara Kekuatan Sambungan Paku dengan Diameter Paku dan Berat Jenis Kayu pada Beberapa Kayu Indonesia Study on Correlation between Nail Connection Strength and Both Nail Diameter and Specific Gravity on Several Indonesian Wood Sucahyo Sadiyo; Agustina Suharti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

On a strong, stiff, and stable wood construction for structural purposes, wood connection on several elements on its constituent is generally performed. On this construction, wood connection is a critical point. The strength of this connection is affected by the strength of 3 components, i.e. the connector, the wood, and the connection type. In a truss of structural construction, element of its constituent will receive compressive or tensile loads. In a case of connection, such load is called lateral resistance. In this study, the nail and several Indonesian wood species namely Sengon, Meranti, Kamper, and Bangkirai representing the low, moderate, and high specific gravity, were utilized. Effect of the nail diameter as a connector and wood specific gravity on wood connection has been investigated.The main objective of this research was to study the correlation between nail connection strength in two types of loading (lateral and withdrawal), and both nail diameter and wood specific gravity on several Indonesian wood.Based on this study there was a positive correlation between nail diameter and wood specific gravity on lateral or withdrawal resistance. Increasing both the nail diameter and wood specific gravity, resulted in increasing the wood connection strength. Correlation model for lateral and withdrawal resistances using P as the ultimate load, D as nail diameter, and G as wood specific gravity, respectively were P = 19.95 GD2.07 and P = 38.02 G1.42D

Modifikasi Faktor Konversi Format dan Faktor Normalisasi Reliabilitas dalam Standar ASTM D 5457 untuk Penyempurnaan Standar SNI 7973:2013 (Modification of Format Conversion Factor and Reliability Normalization Factor in the ASTM D 5457 Standard Applicable for SNI 7973:2013 Standard) Leonard D D Liliefna; Naresworo Nugroho; Lina Karlinasari; Sucahyo Sadiyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 17, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The Indonesian SNI 7973:2013 standard for wood design specification was an adopted standard from the USA national design specification (NDS) 2012. However, due to the climate differences between USA and Indonesia, the SNI 7973:2013 standard should be further modified in order to meet the climate condition in Indonesia. Format conversion factor (KF) and reliability normalization factor (KR) specified in the ASTM D 5457 standard contained the snow load for the duration of load factor. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (1) to replace snow load with occupancy live load to revise KF, (2) to use the revised KF and safety factors for softwood and hardwood to perform the reliability analysis on calculated resistance factors (fc), (3) calculate the new KR values using the revised fc. The result of FORM reliability analysis showed that there were, on the average, 15 and 26% increases of the calculated KR values, respectively, for softwood and hardwood, over the calculated KR values according to the ASTM D 5457 standard for each given coefficient of variation of material resistance distribution.

Lateral Design Value (Z) for Various Double Shear Multi-Nailed Wood Connections with Steel Side Plates Sucahyo Sadiyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Experiments were conducted to analyze the lateral design value (Z) for double shear wood connections using multiple nails with steel side plates of seven different Indonesian tropical wood species under uniaxial compression loading. Results showed variations in average wood moisture content (MC) for nail connections, the lowest in Kempas to the highest in Bornean Super wood. Whereas for average specific gravity (SG), density (ρ), allowable load compressive stress parallel to grain (Ftk//) and tensile stress parallel to grain (Ftr//), the lowest was in Meranti merah and highest in Bangkirai wood. Values for Ftk//, Ftr// and Z tent to be proportional to the wood’s SG or ρ. Ftr// values were 1.5 to 2 times higher than Ftk//. Pattern or parallel line distribution of average Z values among the experiments was relatively similar. The highest Z value was obtained by 5.2 mm nail followed by 5.5 mm nail for all experiments, except experiment-I (theoretical) and experiment II-B (EC5 2007). Generally, the number of nails did not provide significant effect (relatively uniform) on the average Z value double shear connections.

Morphology of Microfibrillated Cellulose from Primary Sludge Iwan Risnasari; Fauzi Febrianto; Nyoman J Wistara; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Siti Nikmatin
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Sewage sludge is the largest waste produced from the pulp and paper mill, consist of fibers (50-60%) and inorganic materials.The aim of this study was to obtain the microfibrillated cellulose of sludge through extraction and cellulose disintegration. The cellulose disintegration conducted by a combinations of the refining and ultrasonication treatment. The results showed that after extraction process the mass of C and O were increased. Conversely the mass of Al, Ca, Si and S were decreased. The mass of C and O was further increased after refining and ultrasonication treatment. The process of extraction on sludge could remove lignin, hemicellulose and inorganic materials to obtain more pure cellulose. Cellulose disintegration by a combination of the refining 30 times followed by ultrasonication for 120 min produced microfibrillated cellulose with diameter of 284 nm.Key words: extraction, microfibrillated cellulose, morphology, sludge

Compression Strength Perpendicular to the Grain of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) of the Three Community Wood Species Muthmainnah Muthmainnah; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Lina Karlinasari
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is an engineered wood products composed of multi-layered panel of lumber where each layer of boards is placed cross-wise to adjacent layers. The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the compression strength perpendicular to grain of CLT composed of 5 layers tested with line loads in square surface. The position of line loads was in the centre and edge of sample orientated both in parallel and perpendicular to the grain direction at the CLT-surface. The CLT specimens were (15x20x20) cm3 (thickness, width and length) in size and were prepared from three community timber, i.e. sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), mindi (Melia azedarach L.), and nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.). The result showed that the edge loading position resulted in lower compression strength than that of the central loading position. The highest comprresion strength was retained by CLT tested in the center loading position oriented to perpendicular to the grain direction. The highest compression strength perpendicular to grain was retained by CLT of nangka wood (20.28 kg cm-2) followed successively by those of CLT of mindi (25.97 kg cm-2) and CLT of sengon(8.50 kg cm-2).Keywords: CLT, compressive strength perpendicular to grain, line load, mindi, nangka, sengon

Properties of Wood Plastic Composite Using Primary Sludge as Filler Iwan Risnasari; Fauzi Febrianto; Nyoman J Wistara; Sucahyo Sadiyo; Siti Nikmatin
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Sludge is the largest waste produced from the pulp and paper mill, it consists of 50-60% fibers and inorganic materials and have caused serious disposal problem. Recycling sludge into value-added product can give environmental and economic benefits. The objective f this research was to optimize utilization of sludge as filler in wood plastic composite using polypropylene as a matrix resin. Sludge with and without purification treatment were used as filler. The concentration of filler used was 40%, 50% and 60%. Maleic anhydride-modified- polypropylene (MAPP) with concentration of 5% was used as a coupling agent. Filler, matrix with and without coupling agent were compounded using Haake polydrive labopastomill at 175 °C, 60 rpm for 20 min. The results indicated that the morphology, physical, mechanical and thermal properties of wood plastic composites was much influenced by purification treatment, filler loadings and addition of coupling agent. Interaction of between fibers and matrix resin and thermal stability of wood plastic composites were much improved by purification treatment on sludge and addition of coupling agent.Keywords: coupling agent, fillers, purification, sludge, wood plastic composite

Co-Authors . Nurhasanah . Suhasman A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Adrin Adrin Agustina Suharti Akrom, Akrom Dwi Susanto Emma Yusrina Wulandari Evalina Herawati Fauzi Febrianto Fengky Satria Yoresta Gunawan Santosa I Nyoman Jaya Wistara Imam Wahyudi Indrawan, Imam Wahyudi Iwan Risnasari Leonard D D Liliefna Lina Karlinasari Maryam Jamilah Muhammad Sholihin Nanda Elsa Sara Pratiwi Naresworo Nugroho Pratiwi, Nanda Elsa Sara Riezky Rakamuliawan Sutanto Siti Nikmatin Solly Aryza Surjono Surjokusumo Susanto, Dwi Sutanto, Riezky Rakamuliawan Yeyet . Zahrial COTO

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