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HUBUNGAN GANGGUAN TIDUR DENGAN STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK GANGGUAN PEMUSATAN PERHATIAN DAN HIPERAKTIVITAS (GPPH) Melysa Br. Sitepu; Tun Paksi Sareharto
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 5, No 4 (2016): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Latar Belakang : Gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) merupakan gangguan perkembangan pada anak yang umum terjadi. Salah satu masalah yang dialami oleh anak dengan GPPH adalah gangguan tidur. Karbohidrat dan protein yang dihubungkan dengan kondisi status gizi diduga berhubungan dengan gangguan tidur.Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan antara gangguan tidur dengan status gizi pada anak dengan GPPH.Metode : Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah anak dengan GPPH usia 4-15 tahun di Kota Semarang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), perhitungan indeks masa tubuh (IMT) dengan mengukur berat dan tinggi badan menggunakan timbangan berat badan serta stadiometer. Cara pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Uji statistik menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman.Hasil : Jumlah sampel penelitian 17 responden anak GPPH terdiri dari 15 laki-laki dan 2 perempuan yang mengalami gangguan tidur. Jenis gangguan tidur terbanyak adalah gangguan memulai dan mempertahankan tidur. Sebanyak 11 responden (64,7%) memiliki status gizi yang normal. Setelah dilakukan uji korelasi Spearman didapatkan nilai korelasi (r=0,193) yang sangat lemah.Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan antara gangguan tidur dengan status gizi pada anak dengan GPPH (r=0,193).

FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH PADA KEJADIAN EPILEPSI INTRAKTABEL ANAK DI RSUP DR KARIADI SEMARANG Nuh Gusta Ady Yolanda; Tun Paksi Sareharto; Hermawan Istiadi
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 8, No 1 (2019): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Latar Belakang : Epilepsi adalah salah satu kelainan neurologi kronik yang ditandai dengan gejala khas yaitu kejang berulang akibat lepasnya muatan listrik neuron otak secara berlebihan dan paroksismal. Salah satu pengobatan epilepsi adalah OAE. Pada keadaan dimana telah mengonsumsi 2 atau lebih jenis OAE secara teratur dan adekuat selama 18 bulan namun tidak menunjukkan penurunan frekuensi dan durasi kejang, hal ini disebut dengan epilepsi intraktabel. Pengetahuan mengenai faktor yang berpengaruh pada kejadian epilepsi intraktabel anak penting untuk menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam pengelolaan pasien agar lebih komprehensif dan adekuat. Tujuan : Mengidentifikasi faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian epilepsi intraktabel pada pasien anak dengan epilepsy Metode : Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desaim cross sectional. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 38 pasien epilepsi yang menjalani perawatan di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Bahan penelitian diambil dengan kuesioner oleh orangtua pasien dan rekam medik, data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan regresi logistik. Hasil : Dari 38 subjek penelitian, angka kejadian epilepsi intraktabel adalah 13 subjek (34,2%). Pada analisis bivariat didapat faktor risiko yang berhubungan adalah etiologi (p=0,017) dan abnormalitas neurologi (p=0,002). Pada analisis multivariat didapatkan faktor abnormalitas neurologi (OR 37,67 IK95% 1,27-1111,04) sebagai faktor risiko yang signifikan. Simpulan : Angka kejadian epilepsi intraktabel anak sebesar 34,2% dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian epilepsi intraktabel anak adalah abnormalitas neurologi.Kata Kunci : epilepsi, intraktabel, anak, faktor risiko

PENGARUH JUS BUAH BEET TERHADAP MOTILITAS SPERMATOZOA TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN YANG DIPAPAR ASAP ROKOK Galang Skontantinova; Tun Paksi Sareharto; Donna Hermawati; Tuntas Dhanardhono
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 9, No 1 (2020): DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL ( Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro )
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Latar belakang : Rokok mempengaruhi tingkat fertilitas seorang pria dengan menurunkan motilitas spermatozoa karena radikal bebas yang dikandungnya. Radikal bebas dapat ditangkal dengan antioksidan. Buah beet (Beta vulgaris) memiliki kapasitas antioksidan yang bahkan lebih tinggi. Efek buah beet terhadap motilitas spermatozoa belum ada yang meneliti. Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan uji eksperimental laboratorik dengan rancangan post test only control group design yang menggunakan tikus wistar jantan sebagai objek percobaan. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji post hoc Mann-Whitney. Hasil : Pada penelitian ini menggunakan 30 ekor tikus wistar jantan yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok dan 1 kelompok kontrol dengan menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis didapatkan perbedaan signifikan pada ≥2 kelompok perlakuan dalam kelompok motilitas spermatozoa dengan pergerakan aktif (p<0,001) dan tanpa pergerakan (p=0,001), namun tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok perlakuan dalam kelompok motilitas spermatozoa dengan pergerakan lemah (p=0,316). Uji post hoc Mann-Whitney pada kelompok motilitas dengan pergerakan aktif menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan asap rokok saja dengan perlakuan asap rokok yang diberi jus buah bit 4 mL/kgBB (p=0,007), 8 mL/kgBB (p=0,006), dan 16 mL/kgBB (p=0,007). Uji post hoc Mann-Whitney pada kelompok motilitas tanpa pergerakan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan asap rokok saja dengan perlakuan asap rokok yang diberi jus buah bit 4 mL/kgBB (p=0,025) dan 16 mL/kgBB (p=0,009). Namun tidak signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan asap rokok saja dengan perlakuan asap rokok yang diberi jus buah bit 8 mL/kgBB (p=0,074) Kesimpulan : Jus buah beet dapat mempengaruhi motilitas spermatozoa yang dipapar asap rokok dan memiliki pengaruh terhadap perbaikan motilitas spermatozoa yang dipapar asap rokok.Kata kunci : Motilitas spermatozoa, Buah beet, Asap rokok, Radikal bebas

Factors affecting the incidence of birth asphyxia before and after the helping babies breathe training first in Grobogan, Central Java Firdausy, Dania Emeralda; Radityo, Adhie Nur; Wiyati, Putri Sekar; Sareharto, Tun Paksi
Basic and Applied Nursing Research Journal Vol 4 No 2 (2023): Basic and Applied Nursing Research Journal (BANRJ)
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/banrj.04.02.08

Introduction: This study aims to examine the association between factors affecting birth asphyxia and its incidence a year before and after HBB first training conducted in Grobogan, Central Java. Methods: This research was an analytical observational preliminary study with a cross-sectional design. Birth records data collected from 30 primary health care from January to December 2020 in Grobogan, Central Java. Data analyzed with a computer statistical analysis program using χ2 test and Fisher's exact test. Result: Based on 191 medical records from infants born during the year before and 186 medical records from infants born during the year after HBB training, there was an 11.5% decrease in the incidence of birth asphyxia compared before and after the training. Results of the χ2 test showed a significant association between the HBB training with the incidence of birth asphyxia (p = 0.014). Before the HBB training, prematurity has a significant association with the prevalence of birth asphyxia (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there is no associated factor that has a significant association with the prevalence of birth asphyxia after the training (p> 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant decrease in the incidence of birth asphyxia compared between the year after and 1 year before HBB training. Meanwhile, prematurity has a significant association with the incidence before HBB training.

The Effect of Moringa Leaves Extract on Sperm Motility in Male Mice Exposed to Electromagnetic Radiation of Mobile Phone Sabrina, Hasnaa Alyasi; Budisulistyo, Trianggoro; Juniarto, Achmad Zulfa; Sareharto, Tun Paksi
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 13, No 3 (2024): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v13i3.43904

Background: Electromagnetic radiation can induce an increase in oxidative stress. The presence of oxidative stress can impact the structure of the plasma membrane of sperm cells, damage the structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA), and accelerate the process of apoptosis, ultimately leading to a decline in sperm quality. This increase in oxidative stress can be prevented by substances that serve as antioxidants. Moringa plants, particularly the leaves, contain various substances that can act as antioxidants for the body. These include flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. The antioxidant content in Moringa leaves is believed to safeguard the process of spermatogenesisAim: To determine the impact of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract on the motility of spermatozoa in BALB/C mice subjected to exposure to electromagnetic waves.Methods: This study utilized design featuring a post-test-only control group design, dividing participants into four randomly assigned groups, namely a negative control group, a positive control group (exposure to electromagnetic waves), and 2 treatment groups (moringa leaf extract at dose of 100 mg/kg BW and 400mg/kg BW). Each group compromised 5 experimental animals, and the treatments were administered for duration of 30 days. Spermatozoa preparations were made for each group and observed under a microscope (400x). Data were analyzed by initially testing for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test. If the data distribution was normal, the hypothesis examination involved conducting a One Way ANOVA followed by subsequent Post Hoc testing.Results: The results of the one-way ANOVA test indicated differences between groups of mice (p<0.05). The post hoc test results further demonstrated that a dose of 400 mg/kg BW was the most effective in preventing a decrease in spermatozoa motility. This effect is believed to be atttributed to the presence of vitamin C, beta carotene, beta-sitosterol, flavonoids, and polyphenols.Conclusion: There is an improvement in spermatozoa motility in BALB/C mice exposed to electromagnetic waves after the administration of Moringa leaf extract.

The Effect of Moringa Leaves Extracts on MDA Level in Male Mice Exposed to Electromagnetic Radiation of Mobile Phones Amalia, Nadia Ilmi; Budisulistyo, Trianggoro; Wibowo, Dhega Anindita; Sareharto, Tun Paksi
Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) Vol 13, No 4 (2024): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v13i4.43905

Background: The use of cell phones causes anxiety about the effects of electromagnetic wave radiation emitted because of the production of free radicals in the body is increased by cell phone electromagnetic wave radiation. This escalation results in an elevated production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), resulting in elevated Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels due to lipid peroxidation, which is toxic to the body. One way to reduce MDA levels is to introduce antioxidants into the body. Previous studies have found that Moringa leaf extract can be used as a good source of antioxidants.Objective: The aim of this research was to assess the impact of Moringa leaf extract administration on the MDA levels in BALB/C mice subjected to electromagnetic waves emitted by cell phones.Methods: This study employed an experimental study with a post-test only control group design. The research involved 23 male BALB/c mice, divided into four groups. The healthy control group received no treatment, while the negative control group was exposed to cell phone electromagnetic waves for 2 hours/day. Groups P1 and P2 received Moringa leaf extract at doses of 100 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW, respectively, in addition to being exposed to cellular phone electromagnetic waves for 2 hours/day. The treatment was administered for 30 days following a 7-dayadaptation period. On the 31st day, blood plasma samples were takenfrom all mice and examined for MDA levels. The data underwent analysis through non-parametric One-Way ANOVA and subsequent Pos Hoc LSD tests. Significance is acknowledged for p-values less than 0.05.Results: The highest MDA levels were found in the K (-) group, namely 0.43 ± 0.18 ppm, and the lowest MDA levels were observed in the P1 group, with values of 0.19 ± 0.08 ppm. A significant difference was noted between the K (-) group and the P1 group (p = 0.05), while no significant difference were observed in the other groups.Conclusion: Administering Moringa leaf extract at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW/day can reduce MDA levels in mice exposed to electromagnetic waves from cell phones.

NEUROLOGIC MANIFESTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19 IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS AT DR. KARIADI HOSPITAL SEMARANG Sareharto, Tun Paksi; Dania Emeralda Firdausy; Santoso Jaeri; Alifiani Hikmah Putranti
Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): BERKALA ILMIAH KEDOKTERAN DUTA WACANA
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21460/bikdw.v9i2.840

Background: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19), a severe acute respiratory syndrome, stems from a novel coronavirus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The common symptoms and signs of COVID-19 are fever, cough, diarrhea, and myalgia as well as neurological manifestations. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in adult patients have been well recognized, unfortunately, there is limited evidence of neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in children, especially in Indonesia, so herewith we describe neurological manifestations in children, to contribute to the knowledge in the fields of pediatric health and neurology, particularly their correlation with COVID-19. Objective: To determine the neurological manifestations in children with COVID-19. Method: An observational analytic study among 124 pediatric patients with COVID-19 at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from medical records. To determine risk factors for the occurrence of neurological manifestation, the chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and Mann-Whitney U-test were performed. Results: Out of 124 subjects, 49 (39.5%) developed neurological manifestations, including headache (10%), seizure (23%), weakness (5%), dizziness (0.8%), vision impairment (0.8%), ataxia (0.8%), coma (11.3%), paresthesia (0.8%), acute encephalopathy (3.2%), sympathetic storming (0.8%), and others (9.7%). Diagnosis of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) was found in 10 (8.1%) patients, in addition, there was a significant association between the diagnosis of MIS-C, comorbid conditions, and outcomes among patients and neurological manifestations. Conclusion: The most common neurological manifestation experienced by pediatric patients with COVID-19 in this study was seizures. Patients with MIS-C and pre-existing conditions are at higher risk of experiencing neurological manifestations. Children with neurological manifestations more frequently presented with worse outcomes.

Vitamin D3 and seizure frequency in children with epilepsy using polypharmacy Aprilyani, Setya Puspa Dewi; Putranti, Alifiani Hikmah; Sareharto, Tun Paksi; Rahmadi, Farid Agung; Pratiwi, Rina
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 2 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.2.2025.122-8

Background Children with epilepsy usually need vitamin D administration, primarily due to the effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The use of AEDs, particularly polypharmacy, can reduce serum 25(OH)D levels. Vitamin D improves the function of neurotransmitters furthermore boosting the seizure threshold. There has been relatively little study investigating the effects of vitamin D3 treatment on seizure frequency. Objective To compare seizure frequency before and after administering vitamin D3 to the children with epilepsy who used polypharmacy. Methods Sixteen children with epilepsy and polypharmacy, aged 2-18 years, from the Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, were studied using a quasi-experimental approach with one group pretest-posttest. The vitamin D3 was given orally for two months with different dosages according to age andsubjects’ pretest serum 25(OH)D levels. Children with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency were giventherapy dosage, and the normal vitamin D status were given supplementation dosage.Seizure frequency, serum 25(OH)D levels, and vitamin D status were assessed before and after treatment. Results Seizure frequency was significantly lower after vitamin D treatment for the entire group compared to pre- administration (P=0.019). For subjects with hypo-vitamin D levels pre-treatment, median seizure frequency was significantly decreased following normalization of vitamin D levels at one month (P=0.016) and two months (P=0.018) of vitamin D treatment. Using mean data, seizure frequency also significantly decreased at one month and at two months post-treatment. Conclusion Vitamin D3 administration is associated with an increase in serum 25(OH)D levels, as well as a decrease in seizure frequency. Vitamin D3 administration can significantly reduce seizure frequency in epilepsy patients undergoing polypharmacy who are vitamin D deficient.

Faktor yang Memengaruhi Perilaku Tantrum pada Anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme Nurfandini, Fiandra Fadiya; Anam, Moh Syarofil; Rahmadi, Farid Agung; Sareharto, Tun Paksi
Sari Pediatri Vol 27, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp27.1.2025.18-25

Latar belakang. Tantrum merupakan perilaku yang umum ditemui pada anak, termasuk pada anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (GSA). Pada anak usia 18-36 bulan, sebanyak 87-91% pernah mengalami tantrum, dan frekuensinya cenderung menurun seiring bertambahnya usia. Namun, pada anak dengan GSA, tantrum cenderung lebih intens dan berlangsung lebih lama dibandingkan anak tanpa autisme. Tujuan. Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku tantrum pada anak dengan GSA.Metode. Penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional,menggunakan analisis bivariat melalui uji chi-square dengan nilai p<0,05 dianggap signifikan secara statistik. Subjek penelitian: pasien anak dengan GSA yang menjalani perawatan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Kariadi Semarang, Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro, dan Klinik Terapi Autisme di Semarang. Data penelitian didapat dari pengisian kuesioner oleh responden.Hasil. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa usia kronologis anak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku tantrum Aspek lainnya meliputiusia pertama kali tantrum, adanya faktor pencetus, screen time yang tidak sesuai, dan adanya komorbid tidak menunjukkan hubungan bermakna terhadap perilaku tantrum pada anak dengan GSA.Kesimpulan. Usia kronologis anak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku tantrum anak. Beberapa faktor lainnya yang dianggap berpotensi memengaruhi perilaku tantrum pada anak dengan GSA, seperti usia pertama kali tantrum, faktor pencetus tantrum, usia pertama kali terpapar layar, durasi paparan layar, dan keberadaan komorbiditas tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara statistik.

Analysis of stool SCFA levels in weaning infants, the timing of weaning, and dietary intake Leliana, Vidya; Sareharto, Tun Paksi; Pratiwi, Rina
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.4.2025.279-85

Background Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are metabolites of polysaccharides that cannot be digested by microbiota. Differences in SCFA profiles depend on infant diet and intestinal microbiota. The timing of weaning period from breast milk or formula to solid foods affects the transitional microbiome of the gut. Indonesian Pediatric Society recommend the weaning period at at 6 months old. Objective To analyze for differences in stool SCFA levels in weaning infants according to timing of weaning to introductory solid foods and dietary intake. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from February to August 2023 in Semarang Primary Health Care Unit. Subjects were infants aged 4-6 months, who underwent fecal SCFA laboratory analysis consisting of acetate, propionic, butyric, and valeric acids, and total SCFA levels, as well as carbohydrate, protein, lipid, and fiber intake assessment through a 3-day food recall processed with Nutrisurvey software of subjects who transitioned to solids before 6 months vs. at 6 months of age. We compared stool SCFA levels in the two groups using T-test analysis. Results Of 50 infants, 23 children (46%) started weaning from breast milk or formula to food at 6 months of age, and 27 children (54%) started weaning before 6 months of age. In this study, there were no significant differences in SCFA levels between those who started at 6 months and before 6 months (P>0.05). There was a weak positive correlation (r = +0.281) between protein intake and propionic acid level (P=0.0481) in all subjects. Conclusion There is no significant difference in SCFA level between starting the weaning period at 6 months and before. However, there is a positive correlation between protein intake and propionic acid, when the analysis was done on all subjects.

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