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Infection of Parainfluenza type 3 (PI-3) as one of the causative agent of pneumonia in sheep and goats Sendow, Indrawati; Syafriati, Tatty; Wiedosari, Ening; Selleck, Paul
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Serological survey was conducted to obtain the prevalence of Parainfluenza type 3 (PI-3) reactor as one of the causative agent of pneumonia in sheep and goats in abatoir at Jakarta and some small holder farms in Indonesia. Serological test using serum neutralization from 724 goat sera and 109 sheep sera indicated that only 1% of goats were serologically reactors and none of sheep sera had antibodies against PI-3 virus. Isolation of the virus from 56 bronchus and trachea swab and 345 lungs indicated that only one sampel from lung showed cythopathic effect (CPE) in Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cell lines identification of the virus using serum neutralization test indicated that the virus neutralized reference PI-3 antisera. The isolate came from one lung (7%) of 24 that showed histopathologically pneumonia intertitialis that usually caused by viral infection. Key words: Parainfluenza type 3 (PI-3), virus isolation, sheep, goat, pneumonia intertisialis

Epidemiology of JapaneseâBâ encephalitis infection in pigs in Riau and North Sumatera Provinces Sendow, Indrawati; Syafriati, Tatty; Hadi, Upik Kesumawati; Malole, Martin; Soviana, Susi; ., Darminto
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 8, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Epidemiology study on Japanese-B-Encephalitis (JE) was conducted in Riau and North Sumatera Provinces. A total of 190 pig sera from Riau Province and 164 pig sera from North Sumatera were tested using competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) to detect antibodies against JE virus. Insect collection was also conducted using several methods near pig farms in those provinces and identified into species to gain more information on its role to distribute JE infection. Serological results indicated that 70% pig in Sumatera and 94% pig in Riau had antibodies against JE virus. The highest prevalence of reaktor was detected in pig of more than 4 months age in both Provinces. The results of insect collection showed that Culex tritaeniorchynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus were the most dominant species in both provinces. Based on serological testing, indicated that JE virus infected pig in Sumatera and Riau Provinces, and higher reactor was obtained in older pig. Culex tritaeniorchynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus were the dominant insect species in both provinces, hence those species had a possibility to play an important role of JE transmission. Â Key words: JE, pigs, serology, insects

Seroepidemiology of Canine parvovirus infection in dogs Sendow, Indrawati; Syafriati, Tatty
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Canine parvovirus is an acute and fatal viral disease in dogs. A total of 209 local, cross breed and breed dogs sera from Kodya Bogor, Kabupaten Bogor, Sukabumi, and Jakarta, had been tested using Haemagglutination Inhibition Test (HI) with pig red blood cells. A total of 64 breed and cross breed dogs from Sukabumi and Kodya Bogor, were used as a sentinel dogs to study the epidemiology of Canine parvovirus (CPV) infection and its immunological responses caused by vaccination. The results indicated that 78% (95) breed and cross bred dogs and 59% (51) local dogs had antibody to CPV. Sentinel dogs results indicated that dogs had been vaccinated showed antibody response with the varied titre dependant upon prevaccination titre. Low prevaccinated titre gave better response than protective level titre. From 19 puppies observed, Maternal antibodi were still detected until 5 weeks old puppies. First vaccination given at less than 3 months old, should be boosted after 3 months old puppied. Antibodi titre produced by natural infection will keep untill 2 years. These data concluded that the dog condition and time of vaccination will affect the optimum antibody response. Â Key words: Canine parvovirus, haemagglutination inhibition, isolation

Gambaran seroepidemiologi dan histopatologi infeksi virus parainfluenza tipe 3 pada sapi Sendow, Indrawati; Syafriati, Tatty; Damayanti, Rini
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A study to gain seroepidemiological feature and histopathological changes in order to obtain a viral causative agent had been conducted against parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI-3) in infection cattle in Indonesia. Serological survey was conducted in different areas in Indonesia and from serum Bank to gain the information on the distribution of parainfluenza type 3 (PI-3) in large ruminants. A total of 1334 sera had been tested using serum neutralization test, and the result indicated that prevalence of reactors was varied from 0 to 60 %. The highest prevalence was 60% in sera detected from Bogor abbatoir. Reactors were also found in other areas such as West Java, Central Java, East Java, NTT and Papua. Titration results indicated that the distribution of titre was varied from 4 to 256, and titre of 8 to 32 was the most common. Titre of 128 and 256 was only found in each of 1 sera only. Isolation results indicated that no isolate was obtained from 237 samples processed. Histological examination showed that more than 60% had interstitial pneumonia, which indicated vairal infection had been occurred. This serological result indicated that PI-3 infection was detected in Indonesian large ruminants. Â Key words: Parainfluenza type 3 virus, serology, histopathology

Pathogenicity study of local bluetongue virus isolates in local and imported sheep Sendow, Indrawati
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bluetongue is one of arboviruses that caused economical impact to sheep farmers. Six local bluetongue virus (BT) serotypes isolates were obtained from sentinel cattle blood in West Java and Irian Jaya (Papua), but its pathogenicity has not been identified. Propagation of viraemic blood inoculum from 3 local BT serotypes such as serotypes 1,9 and 21, that had been conducted in Merino sheep, will be used for pathogenicity study. The study was devided into 3 groups, each group contained local and imported sheep as control and infected sheep. All sheep had been tested as negative BT antibodies. Observation on clinical signs had been conducted twice daily for 28 days. Heparinised blood and sera were collected everyday to obtain the viraemia period by Ag-C-ELISA test and antibody respons by C-ELISA test. The clinical signs produced were varied from normal to very mild in local sheep and very mild to mild-moderate in Merino sheep.The lowest severe degree of clinical signs was BT 9 followed by BT 1 and BT 21. No dead, neither local and Merino sheep occurred. Viraemia in Merino sheep occurred between 3-5 days and in local sheep between 4-7 days post inoculation (DPI). Antibody respons occurred as quick as 10 DPI in Merino sheep and 9 DPI in local sheep, and stayed until the end of experiment. This study showed that local BT isolates were not pathogen and not producing clasical BT infection. Â Â Key Words: Bluetongue Virus, Antibody Respons, Viraemia, Serology, Sheep

SENDOW, I. 2002. Isolation of bluetongue serotypes 1, 6 and 21 from insects in West Java. JITV 7(4): 272-278 sendow, indrawati
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 7, No 4 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bluetongue virus is one of arbovirus diseases which is transmitted by insects, Culicoides spp. Insect collection wasconducted weekly from 1991 to 1993 and forthnightly from 1993 to 1997 in West Java using Pirbright-type miniature light trapin to phosphate buffered saline for identification and viral isolation. A total of 1155 pools of insects were inoculated intoembryonated chicken eggs before passaging in a mosquito cell line and three times blind passages in BHK-21 cells. Fourteenpools of insects produced cytopathic effect in BHK-21 cells. Four of the infected BHK-21 cells reacted in the antigen captureELISA test using a specific monoclonal antibody to bluetongue (BTV) virus. Further identification into serotype in ReferenceLaboratory, indicated that BTV serotype 1 was isolated from C. fulvus, BTV serotype 6 was isolated from C. peregrinus andBTV serotype 21 from pools of C. shortii and C. orientalis.Key words: Bluetongue viruses, isolation, insects

Isolation of bluetongue serotypes 1, 6 and 21 from insects in West Java sendow, indrawati
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 7, No 4 (2002)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bluetongue virus is one of arbovirus diseases which is transmitted by insects, Culicoides spp. Insect collection wasconducted weekly from 1991 to 1993 and forthnightly from 1993 to 1997 in West Java using Pirbright-type miniature light trapin to phosphate buffered saline for identification and viral isolation. A total of 1155 pools of insects were inoculated intoembryonated chicken eggs before passaging in a mosquito cell line and three times blind passages in BHK-21 cells. Fourteenpools of insects produced cytopathic effect in BHK-21 cells. Four of the infected BHK-21 cells reacted in the antigen captureELISA test using a specific monoclonal antibody to bluetongue (BTV) virus. Further identification into serotype in ReferenceLaboratory, indicated that BTV serotype 1 was isolated from C. fulvus, BTV serotype 6 was isolated from C. peregrinus andBTV serotype 21 from pools of C. shortii and C. orientalis.Key words: Bluetongue viruses, isolation, insects

The isolation of canine parvovirus and pathological changes of infected dogs Sendow, Indrawati; Hamid, Helmy
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 1 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The aims of this study are to isolate canine parvovirus (CPV) from the field case and to evaluate its histological aspects in CPV infected dogs. Samples were collected from intestine, intestine contained and mucose, as well as dogs feses from diarrhoea and blood diarrhoea. The suspension of those specimen was inoculated into Feline Kidney cells and observed for cythopathic effect (CPE). The presence of CPE indicated that there was viral isolate and continued to further identification using Haemaglutination (HA) test with pig red blood cells. Samples with positif in HA test were further identification using Haemaglutination Inhibition (HI) test against reference CPV antisera. Isolation result showed that from 81 samples processed, 10 samples indicated CPE in cell cultures, and had agglutinated in pig red blood cells and neutralised reference CPV antisera as the same titer of reference CPV antisera. Nine isolates were obtained from feces and 1 isolate was obtained from Mucose intestine from bloody diarrhoea dogs. Those isolates were also obtained from 1 to 2 days post blood diarrhea clinical signs. Two from 10 cadavers examined showed histological changes to CPV infection. Isolate of CPV, originally from feces, was also obtained from one of the two cadavers. Based on the results it was concluded that more CPV viral isolates can be obtained from bloody diarrhea feces. Â Key words: Canine parvovirus, inhibition, isolation, pathology, identification

Serological study against transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus in several area in Indonesia Sendow, Indrawati; Syafriati, Tatty; Bahri, Sjamsul; Sarosa, Antonius
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 3, No 3 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

A number of 1,168 pig and dog sera from 8 provinces in Indonesia were tested serologically for transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) antibodies using serum neutralisation test to detect the prevalence of TGE in Indonesia. The sera were obtained from serum bank at Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Bogor. All sera collected before 1995 were negative antibody to TGE. However, sera collected from 2 provinces Sumatera Utara and Sulawesi Utara in 1996 had antibodies against TGE virus (14.03%). Titration of reacted sera showed varied between titres of 8 to 128. Â Key words: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus, serum neutralization test

Seroepidemiologi Nipah Virus pada Kalong dan Ternak Babi di Beberapa Wilayah di Indonesia Sendow, Indrawati; Field, Hume; Adjid, R.M. Abdul; Syafriati, Tatty; Darminto, Darminto; Morrissy, Chris; Daniels, Peter
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 5, No 1 (2008): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTNipah Virus Seroepidemiology in Flying Fox and Pig Husbandry in Several Areasof Indonesia. Nipah is a dangerous zoonotic disease which was carried by flying fox.The disease had been occurred in Malaysia in 1999 and infect pigs and caused humandeath. Indonesia is adjacent country to Malaysia, hence, a serological study had beenconducted on 156 flying fox (P. vampyrus) sera from North Sumatera, West Java, CentralJava and East Java. Besides that, 2740 pig sera was randomly collected in differentprovinces to detect Nipah infection. Both flying fox and pig sera were tested usingELISA test to detect the presence of Nipah antibody. The results indicated that 37 from156 flying fox sera (23.7%) has antibodies against Nipah virus. Infections were occuredin all sampling sites with the prevalence varied from 18% to 33 %. Meanwhile, no pigsera tested (2740) had antibody against Nipah virus. Based on these results it can beconcluded that Nipah virus infections were occurred in flying fox in some parts inIndonesia, but not in pigs. It was suggested that the presence of Nipah virus in Indonesiashould be anticipated. Hence the distribution of its infection in pigs and human must beanticipated. Monitoring of Nipah infection in areas adjacent to Malaysia must be increasedto detect the entering of the disease in Indonesia.Keywords: Nipah, pigs, flying fox, serology

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