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Status Infeksi Virus Hendra Pada Kalong (Pteropus spp.) di Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat dan Manado, Sulawesi Utara Sendow, Indrawati; Field, Hume; Ratnawati, Atik; Adjid, RM. Abdul; Saepulloh, Muharam; Breed, Andrew; Morrissy, Chris.; Daniels, Peter
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 1 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v9i1.144

Hendra merupakan salah satu penyakit emerging dan zoonosis yang berbahaya, termasuk Genus Henipavirus(Paramyxoviridae). Penyakit ini sangat erat hubungannya dengan Nipah, yang dapat menginfeksi ternak babi danmanusia. Survey serologi dilakukan di dua propinsi, yaitu Kalimantan Barat dan Sulawesi Utara. Hasil menunjukkanbahwa 148 kalong (Pteropus sp.) yang terdiri dari 84 P. vampyrus asal Kalimanatan Barat dan 64 P alecto asalSulawesi Utara telah dikoleksi. Hasil serologis mengindikasikan 22,6% P vampyrus di Kalimantan Barat mempunyaiantibodi terhadap virus Hendra, yang juga merupakan reaksi silang dengan virus Nipah. Di Sulawesi Utara, 25%serum mengandung antibodi terhadap virus Hendra, dimana 7,8% diantaranya hanya mempunyai antibodi terhadapvirus Hendra. Dari data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa antibodi terhadap virus Hendra terdeteksi padaP. alecto di Sulawesi Utara. Hasil ini merupakan laporan pertama tentang infeksi Hendra pada P. alecto di Indonesia.Adanya perbedaan prevalensi tersebut, dapat disebabkan oleh letak geografis atau spesies kalong yang diuji.Kata kunci: P. vampyrus, P. alecto, antibodi, Hendra, Nipah, Serum Netralisasi

STATUS INFEKSI VIRUS INFLUENZA PADA BEBERAPA SPESIES HEWAN SEBELUM WABAH AVIAN INFLUENZA H5N1 PADA UNGGAS DI INDONESIA Sendow, Indrawati; Adj id, RM Abdul; Selleck, Paul
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 4 (2011)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

After outbreak of Avian Influenza HPAI in chicken in mid 2003 in Indonesia, there was a question whether Avian Influenza HPAI was already presence in animals before the outbreak. A retrospective study was conducted to gain information on the presence of Influenza A virus infection in a range of animal species that could be infected by the virus. A total of 1529 animal sera, from 8 species from 12 different provinces which were stored at the Bbalitvet (Research Institute for Veterinary Science) Serum Bank were tested against matrix antigen of Influenza A using the Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) test. The results indicated that only 0.6% of animal tested which consisted of 4% of duck sera and 0.4% of pig sera were reacted in the AGID test with weak reaction. Those sera were then tested against Influenza A group viruses using an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), indicated that Influenza A viruses were not detected in either duck and pig positive sera. Those sera which were also tested by HI test against antigens of HI, H3 and H7, also indicated that none of those sera were reacted. In addition, 134 lung of pigs from an abattoir were collected for virus isolation. The viral isolation on chicken embryonated eggs resulted in 12 samples that contained viruses with agglutinated goose and chicken red blood cells. Identification of viruses isolated was done by agglutination test and ELISA. The results showed that none of those isolates were Influenza Type A virus. This study showed that influenza A virus group infection was not detected in animal species sampled before outbreak of AI H5N1 in 2003 in Indonesia.

SEROEPIDEMIOLOGI NIPAH VIRUS PADA KALONG DAN TERNAK BABI DI BEBERAPA WILAYAH DI INDONESIA Sendow, Indrawati; Field, Hume; Adjid, R.M. Abdul; Syafriati, Tatty; Darminto, Darminto; Morrissy, Chris; Daniels, Peter
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 5, No 1 (2008): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v5i1.3205

ABSTRACTNipah Virus Seroepidemiology in Flying Fox and Pig Husbandry in Several Areasof Indonesia. Nipah is a dangerous zoonotic disease which was carried by flying fox.The disease had been occurred in Malaysia in 1999 and infect pigs and caused humandeath. Indonesia is adjacent country to Malaysia, hence, a serological study had beenconducted on 156 flying fox (P. vampyrus) sera from North Sumatera, West Java, CentralJava and East Java. Besides that, 2740 pig sera was randomly collected in differentprovinces to detect Nipah infection. Both flying fox and pig sera were tested usingELISA test to detect the presence of Nipah antibody. The results indicated that 37 from156 flying fox sera (23.7%) has antibodies against Nipah virus. Infections were occuredin all sampling sites with the prevalence varied from 18% to 33 %. Meanwhile, no pigsera tested (2740) had antibody against Nipah virus. Based on these results it can beconcluded that Nipah virus infections were occurred in flying fox in some parts inIndonesia, but not in pigs. It was suggested that the presence of Nipah virus in Indonesiashould be anticipated. Hence the distribution of its infection in pigs and human must beanticipated. Monitoring of Nipah infection in areas adjacent to Malaysia must be increasedto detect the entering of the disease in Indonesia.Keywords: Nipah, pigs, flying fox, serology

STATUS INFEKSI VIRUS HENDRA PADA KALONG (PTEROPUS SPP.) DI PONTIANAK, KALIMANTAN BARAT DAN MANADO, SULAWESI UTARA Sendow, Indrawati; Field, Hume; Ratnawati, Atik; Adjid, RM. Abdul; Saepulloh, Muharam; Breed, Andrew; Morrissy, Chris.; Daniels, Peter
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 1 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v9i1.144

Hendra merupakan salah satu penyakit emerging dan zoonosis yang berbahaya, termasuk Genus Henipavirus(Paramyxoviridae). Penyakit ini sangat erat hubungannya dengan Nipah, yang dapat menginfeksi ternak babi danmanusia. Survey serologi dilakukan di dua propinsi, yaitu Kalimantan Barat dan Sulawesi Utara. Hasil menunjukkanbahwa 148 kalong (Pteropus sp.) yang terdiri dari 84 P. vampyrus asal Kalimanatan Barat dan 64 P alecto asalSulawesi Utara telah dikoleksi. Hasil serologis mengindikasikan 22,6% P vampyrus di Kalimantan Barat mempunyaiantibodi terhadap virus Hendra, yang juga merupakan reaksi silang dengan virus Nipah. Di Sulawesi Utara, 25%serum mengandung antibodi terhadap virus Hendra, dimana 7,8% diantaranya hanya mempunyai antibodi terhadapvirus Hendra. Dari data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa antibodi terhadap virus Hendra terdeteksi padaP. alecto di Sulawesi Utara. Hasil ini merupakan laporan pertama tentang infeksi Hendra pada P. alecto di Indonesia.Adanya perbedaan prevalensi tersebut, dapat disebabkan oleh letak geografis atau spesies kalong yang diuji.Kata kunci: P. vampyrus, P. alecto, antibodi, Hendra, Nipah, Serum Netralisasi

IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF SMALL INTERFERING RNA TARGETING THE NUCLEOPROTEIN GENE OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES Hartawan, Risza; Ratnawati, Atik; Sendow, Indrawati; Dharmayanti, Ni Luh Putu Indi
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2024.8521

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising therapeutic against viral infection, includ-ing Influenza viruses. However, the Influenza viruses have massive variants with high mutation rates. Therefore, the siRNAs could be futile against newly emerging viruses. Thus, this study aimed to analyze siRNAs targeting the nucleoprotein gene of Influen-za viruses. Using bioinformatic analyses, the siRNAs were simulated against 5 sub-types of Influenza viruses, including H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2. Bioinfor-matic tools for the folding structure of messenger RNA were utilized to select effective siRNA. As a result, 32 siRNA sequences targeting the nucleoprotein gene were identi-fied. The precision medicine concept seems applied to the siRNA treatment for the In-fluenza virus since each siRNA is effective in its respective virus target. Based on the nucleotide mismatch parameter, most siRNA does not have coverage for the multiple infections of all five subtypes of Influenza viruses, except for NP1089 and NP1496. Later, the secondary and tertiary structure analysis of messenger RNA demonstrated that siRNA has different circumstances in its RNA target position. Therefore, siRNA mapping based on the RNA folding structure approach provides a tool for selecting more effective sequences against Influenza virus infection. Both siRNA NP1089 and NP1496 were predicted to have similar effectivity in knocking down Influenza virus in-fection. Moreover, the cocktail application of siRNA treatment may be effective as an alternative strategy in matching co-infection of multiple Influenza virus subtypes.

PENGEMBANGAN TEKNIK ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (ELISA) MENGGUNAKAN ANTIBODI MONOKLONAL UNTUK MENDETEKSI ANTIBODI PENYAKIT BOVINE EPHEMERAL FEVER Sendow, Indrawati; Adjid, R.M. Abdul; Ratnawati, Atik; Saepulloh, Muharam
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 9, No 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v9i1.2775

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan teknik enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) untuk mendeteksi antibodi terhadap virus bovine ephemeral fever (BEF). Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan uji ELISA langsung (direct ELISA) dan tidak langsung (indirect ELISA) dengan menggunakan antibodi monoklonal (blocking ELISA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji direct ELISA tidak dapat digunakan dengan baik karena terjadi positif palsu. Uji blocking ELISA bereaksi lebih baik dan dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut untuk mendeteksi antibodi terhadap penyakit BEF. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan teknik deteksi dini terhadap BEF dengan mempergunakan antibodi monoklonal dapat diterapkan dalam upaya pengawasan penyakit dan surveilans.

IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF SMALL INTERFERING RNA TARGETING THE NUCLEOPROTEIN GENE OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES Hartawan, Risza; Ratnawati, Atik; Sendow, Indrawati; Dharmayanti, Ni Luh Putu Indi
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2024.8521

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising therapeutic against viral infection, includ-ing Influenza viruses. However, the Influenza viruses have massive variants with high mutation rates. Therefore, the siRNAs could be futile against newly emerging viruses. Thus, this study aimed to analyze siRNAs targeting the nucleoprotein gene of Influen-za viruses. Using bioinformatic analyses, the siRNAs were simulated against 5 sub-types of Influenza viruses, including H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H7N9, and H9N2. Bioinfor-matic tools for the folding structure of messenger RNA were utilized to select effective siRNA. As a result, 32 siRNA sequences targeting the nucleoprotein gene were identi-fied. The precision medicine concept seems applied to the siRNA treatment for the In-fluenza virus since each siRNA is effective in its respective virus target. Based on the nucleotide mismatch parameter, most siRNA does not have coverage for the multiple infections of all five subtypes of Influenza viruses, except for NP1089 and NP1496. Later, the secondary and tertiary structure analysis of messenger RNA demonstrated that siRNA has different circumstances in its RNA target position. Therefore, siRNA mapping based on the RNA folding structure approach provides a tool for selecting more effective sequences against Influenza virus infection. Both siRNA NP1089 and NP1496 were predicted to have similar effectivity in knocking down Influenza virus in-fection. Moreover, the cocktail application of siRNA treatment may be effective as an alternative strategy in matching co-infection of multiple Influenza virus subtypes.

Karakterisasi Kultur Virus African Swine Fever Sampel Lapang Indonesia Menggunakan Kultur Sel Primer Leukosit Babi Ratnawati, Atik; Hartawan, Risza; Sendow, Indrawati; Assadah, Nur Syabiq; Nuradji, Harimurti; Dharmayanti, Ni Luh Putu Indi; Wibawan, I Wayan Teguh; Mayasari, Ni luh Putu Ika
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Vol 43, No 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jsv.109976

African Swine Fever (ASF) merupakan penyakit viral yang sangat menular dan mematikan pada babi, yang disebabkan oleh virus African Swine Fever (ASF). Sejak tahun 2018, penyakit ini telah menyebar dan menyebabkan konsekuensi sosial ekonomi yang besar terhadap industri babi di beberapa negara Asia, termasuk China, Vietnam, dan Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan isolasi virus ASF dari sampel lapang menggunakan kultur sel primer leukosit babi, identifikasi karakteristik hasil propagasi virus ASF secara in vitro dan respon sel leukosit terhadap inokulasi virus ASF. Sel leukosit dikoleksi dari darah babi donor yang sehat dan dikultur dalam medium plasma homolog. Propagasi dilakukan dengan menginokulasikan sampel lapang dengan kode Indonesia/2022/Pig/PSJ ke kultur sel primer leukosit babi yang konfluen (70-80%). Pengamatan morfologi sel dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya setiap 24, 48, 72, 96,120, 144, and 164 jam pasca inokulasi (jpi). Sampel lapang dari kultur sel primer leukosit babi dipurifikasi dengan menggunakan metode Percoll. Pelet virus di deteksi virus ASF dengan menggunakan uji qPCR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan morfologis pada sel primer leukosit yang terinfeksi, dengan adanya reaksi hemadsorpsi (HAD) yang teramati pada 48 jpi, dibandingkan dengan sel kontrol yang tidak terinfeksi. Pengikatan eritrosit babi ke permukaan sel yang terinfeksi virus ASF, membentuk rosette-like structure. Reaksi hemadsorpsi (HAD) dapat diamati setelah 2 kali blind passage. Purifikasi virus ASF menggunakan Percoll dapat meningkatkan kemurnian virus yang ditandai dengan nilai Ct yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan supernatant hasil kultur sel primer leukosit babi.

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