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SEJARAH TRADISI FILSAFAT HELLENISTIK DALAM ISLAM Irwan Ahmad Akbar
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 10 No 01 (2020): Nopember
Publisher : LP3M Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Ma'arif Magetan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53961/jurnalparadigma.v10i01.56

The purpose of this research is to answer how the Greek Hellenistic philosophical tradition can develop into the Islamic world. This research is a descriptive-analytic study of historical data (historical-ontological study). So this research has the conclusion that: Hellenistic philosophical tradition can develop in the world of Islam due to the wide expansion in the areas around Arabia that Islam did, including: during the S}a>h}a>bah era where they found the Alexandria library in Egypt, the Umayyads who tended to use the works - Ancient Greek works of practical science, such as medicine and astronomy. It was only during the time of the Abbasids that there was a massive translation of almost all ancient Greek works, especially philosophy. It was at that time that the Hellenistic philosophical tradition in the Islamic world stood at its peak.

DINAMIKA KASUS PENISTAAN AGAMA DI INDONESIA : (Polemik Pemaknaan Ayat-Ayat Penistaan dan UU Penodaan Agama) Irwan Ahmad Akbar
QOF Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Keiri

Bbc.com noted that in the last 40 years in Indonesia, there were 4 major cases including Lia Eden, Arswendo, HB Jassin and Teguh Santosa. Melissa Crouch noted that at least 120 people were tried for harassing religion. However, I underline that the issue of blasphemy arises recently because it began with a case of Ahok in Kepulauan Seribu. After that case, the case of blasphemy emerged like a domino effect, leaving questions in my mind, â€˜why can it be like this?'. In this study, I will try to examine how the contestation of cases of blasphemy in Indonesia is so intertwined. By using descriptive and interpretative analysis methods, I found that the polemic of the emergence of blasphemy cases in Indonesia is motivated by two things; the interpretation of certain authorities who consider that in the Koran there is a set of positive punishment for blasphemy cases. Furthermore, the Blasphemy Law in Indonesia is very biased in determining certain individuals / groups as religious opponents.

DOES QURAN HARBOR HATRED TOWARDS JEWS? (Hermeneutical Exploration of Surah Al-Baqarah: 120) Akbar, Irwan Ahmad
Tafáqquh: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Keislaman Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM BANI FATTAH (IAIBAFA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52431/tafaqquh.v12i2.3089

This research explores the verses related to Jews in the Quran, particularly in Surah al-Baqarah verse 120. Some groups claim this verse to be evidence that the Quran harbors hatred towards Jews. This research utilizes a historical and semantic approach to thoroughly examine the verses in the Quran that pertain to Jews. This is conducted to produce a definitive answer to the question: does the Quran indeed hate Jews? Using a qualitative approach with data from classical and modern Islamic literature, this research concludes that the Jews referred to in the Quran, especially in Surah al-Baqarah verse 120, are a prototype of an antagonistic character. Through a semantic-historical analysis, it is determined that the Jews referred to in the Quran do not represent all Jews, but specifically denote the Jewish groups in Medina. The Quran does not hate Jews; rather, it criticizes their behavior, not their race or religion. In summary, the Quran critiques bad behavior from any individual, regardless of who they are.

Legal and Ethical Interpretation of Blasphemy Cases in Indonesia: A Ma'na-cum-Maghza Perspective Akbar, Irwan Ahmad; Zainuddin, M.; Soleh, Achmad Khudori
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 57 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v57i1.1218

The phenomenon of religious blasphemy cases in Indonesia, including the cases of Sukmawati and Meiliana, which are the focal points of this study, has raised concerns and garnered serious attention, even from academics. Accusations in cases of religious blasphemy are almost invariably based on interpretations of QS. al-Tauba [9]: 64-66. Therefore, this article aims to explore the alignment between these cases and the meanings contained within QS. al-Tauba [9]: 64-66 from legal and ethical perspectives. The data in this article are based on legal documents, books of Quranic exegesis, academic journal articles, reports from Human Rights Watch, and several national online news sources. Data collection techniques involved literature studies and case observations via the internet. The blasphemy cases accused against Sukmawati and Meiliana are described within the context of Indonesian law and analyzed using the ma’na-cum-maghza theory. This article concludes that the actions taken by Sukmawati and Meiliana were wrong and unethical. However, their actions cannot be categorized as criminal offenses. Based on the analysis of QS. al-Tauba [9]: 64-65, blasphemy does not fall into the category of criminal acts, but rather an ethical violation whose legal sanctions are in the hands of God, not humans. Thus, this article offers a new perspective on the interpretation and understanding of the term blasphemy. Kasus penistaan agama yang banyak terjadi di Indonesia, termasuk kasus Sukmawati dan Meiliana yang menjadi fokus kajian ini, telah menimbulkan kekhawatiran dan mendapatkan perhatian serius, bahkan dari akademisi. Tuduhan terhadap kasus penistaan agama tersebut hampir selalu didasarkan pada hasil penafsiran atas QS. al-Tauba [9]: 64-66. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi kesesuaian antara kasus-kasus tersebut dengan makna yang terkandung dalam QS. al-Tauba [9]: 64-66 dari sudut pandang hukum dan etik. Data-data dalam artikel ini didasarkan pada dokumen hukum, kitab-kitab tafsir Al-Quran, artikel jurnal, laporan organisasi Human Right Watch dan beberapa sumber berita daring nasional. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan observasi kasus melalui internet. Kasus penistaan agama yang dituduhkan kepada Sukmawati dan Meiliana dideskripsikan dalam konteks hukum Indonesia dan dianalisis menggunakan teori ma’na-cum-maghza. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa apa yang dilakukan oleh Sukmawati dan Meiliana merupakan suatu tindakan yang salah dan tidak beretika. Namun demikian, tindakan keduanya tidaklah bisa dikategorikan sebagai tindakan pidana. Sebab, berdasarkan analisis atas QS. al-Tauba [9]: 64-65, penistaan agama tidaklah masuk kategori tindakan pidana, melainkan sebuah pelanggaran etika yang sanksi hukumnya berada di tangan Tuhan, bukan manusia. Dengan demikian, artikel ini memberikan perspektif baru terkait penafsiran dan pemahaman terhadap istilah penistaan agama.

Implementing the Baghdadi Method to Improve Qur’anic Literacy in Islamic Boarding Schools: Evidence from Roudhotun Nubaha Al Mukhlishin, Mojokerto Khoiriyah, Ula Lailatul; Ashoumi, Hilyah; Akbar, Irwan Ahmad
Kuttab: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Islam Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Kuttab: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/ktb.v9i2.2541

This study aims to examine the implementation of the Baghdadi method in improving Qur'anic reading skills among students at Pondok Pesantren Roudhotun Nubaha Al-Mukhlisin Mojokerto, as well as to identify its supporting and inhibiting factors. The background of this research lies in the importance of effective Qur'anic teaching methods to develop basic reading and comprehension skills. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. The results show that the implementation of the Baghdadi method is conducted gradually—starting with the introduction of Arabic letters (huruf hijaiyah), mastery of articulation (makharijul huruf), vowel marks (harakat), and eventually progressing to reading and memorizing short surahs. Supporting factors include active involvement from teachers and parents, the use of appropriate instructional media, and high student motivation. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include limited instructional time, inadequate classroom conditions, and the lack of advanced tajweed instruction.

THE LEGITIMACY OF THE CALIPHATE AS A STATE SYSTEM Akbar, Irwan Ahmad; Lilawati, Emi; Rohmah, Hidayatur
Al-Iqro' Vol 2 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54622/aijis.v2i1.414

Certain groups believe the Qur'an legitimizes the establishment of a state based on the khilafah system, specifically citing Surah Al-Baqarah (2:30). The purpose of this research is to critically examine the term khalifah in Q. (2:30) using semantic and semiotic approaches. Additionally, the study will explore the historical features of the term in-depth to answer questions regarding the moral ideal conveyed in the verses on khalifah. Specifically, it investigates whether these verses serve as a legal basis for the khilafah system. Furthermore, the researcher will analyze Qur'anic verses and hadiths related to themes of national defense and love for one’s homeland. The study concludes that the assumption that the Qur'an legitimizes the khilafah system is a misconception. Nowhere in the Qur'an does the term khilafah appear; instead, the term used is khalifah. Verses that discuss khalifah do not aim to validate the establishment of a political system based on khilafah. Rather, they represent God’s designation of humankind as His stewards, tasked with managing and utilizing the Earth's resources responsibly. Moreover, the moral ideal conveyed by the verses on khalifah underscores God’s recognition of humanity as the creation endowed with Ahsanu Taqwim (the most excellent form). This highlights the dignity and responsibility bestowed upon humankind in fulfilling their role as stewards of the Earth.

HUMANITARIAN TURN IN CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC STUDIES: A REFLECTION OF ALI ZAIN AL-JUFRI’S THOUGHT ON RELIGIOUS MODERATION Syauqi, Imad; Wawan
Al'Adalah Vol. 26 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/aladalah.v26i1.364

This research aims to examine Ali Zain al-Jufri's religious moderation. Through his work, al-Insaniyya qabla al-Tadayyun (Humanity before Religiosity), al-Jufri responds to the religious forms of Muslims in several parts of the world. By focusing on this work, the researchers thoroughly explore al-Jufri's thoughts regarding religious moderation. Why is this work relevant for study? Apart from the fact that no previous research has examined al-Jufri's work, this work is increasingly relevant to study if we reflect on current sociological facts. Much violence occurs in the name of religion. Those behaviors are nothing more than forms of interpretation, which are then considered the voice of God. At least, al-Jufri's work is one way out as an oasis to these problems. The method used in this research is a review-based qualitative method that focuses on examining al-Jufri's work. This research is classified as library research. In the end, this research concluded that there are three significant values of al-Jufri's religious moderation, including the command to speak good words (Surah al-Baqarah [2]: 83), the prohibition on killing fellow humans (Surah al-Ma'idah [3]: 32), and the order to uphold justice on earth (Surah al-Nisa [5]: 135). Therefore, al-Jufri distinguished religion and religiosity. Humanity, for him, is above religiosity, not religion.

DOES QURAN HARBOR HATRED TOWARDS JEWS? (Hermeneutical Exploration of Surah Al-Baqarah: 120) Akbar, Irwan Ahmad
Tafáqquh: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Keislaman Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM BANI FATTAH (IAIBAFA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52431/tafaqquh.v12i2.3089

This research explores the verses related to Jews in the Quran, particularly in Surah al-Baqarah verse 120. Some groups claim this verse to be evidence that the Quran harbors hatred towards Jews. This research utilizes a historical and semantic approach to thoroughly examine the verses in the Quran that pertain to Jews. This is conducted to produce a definitive answer to the question: does the Quran indeed hate Jews? Using a qualitative approach with data from classical and modern Islamic literature, this research concludes that the Jews referred to in the Quran, especially in Surah al-Baqarah verse 120, are a prototype of an antagonistic character. Through a semantic-historical analysis, it is determined that the Jews referred to in the Quran do not represent all Jews, but specifically denote the Jewish groups in Medina. The Quran does not hate Jews; rather, it criticizes their behavior, not their race or religion. In summary, the Quran critiques bad behavior from any individual, regardless of who they are.

Implementasi Guided Inquiry-Blended Learning Melalui Teknik Flipped Classroom pada Mata Kuliah PAI untuk Meningkatkan Critical Thingking dan Penguatan Sikap Moderasi Beragama Mahasiswa Ashoumi, Hilyah; Ahmad Akbar, Irwan
Journal of Islamic Education and Pedagogy Vol 2 No 02 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Al Falah As Sunniyah Kencong Jember (UAS Press)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62097/jiep.v2i02.2616

This study focuses on the implementation of the Collaborative Inquiry Model based on the Flipped Classroom approach in the teaching of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) as an effort to strengthen students’ religious moderation in higher education. The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of the model in enhancing students’ learning independence, critical thinking ability, collaboration skills, and internalization of religious moderation values, particularly regarding interreligious tolerance. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design conducted among students of the Faculty of Information Technology at KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah University, Jombang. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, and were analyzed using the interactive Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the implementation of the Collaborative Inquiry Model based on the Flipped Classroom is effective in creating a reflective, participatory, and contextual learning process. In the first cycle, student engagement was still limited, with a learning readiness level of 65% and an average learning achievement of 74.5%. After strategic improvements were made in the second cycle, there was a significant increase: student readiness reached 87%, active participation rose to 85%, and the average learning achievement reached 86.8% with a 100% completion rate. Furthermore, collaborative activities among group members increased to 88%, indicating improved student cooperation and appreciation of diverse perspectives. The implementation of this model not only enhanced students’ cognitive aspects but also fostered moderate character and reflective attitudes in understanding religious values. The findings of this research contribute to the development of innovative and relevant strategies for religious education in the context of 21st-century learning, while also reinforcing the role of Islamic education in building an academic culture that is dialogical, inclusive, and grounded in the principle of Jaadilhum billati hiya ahsan.

A Textual and Contextual Examination of Social Inclusiveness and Education in Q. 'Abasa (80): 1-10 Akbar, Irwan Ahmad; Syauqi, Imad
DINAMIKA : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Keislaman Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Dinamika
Publisher : Islamic Faculty of KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah University, Jombang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32764/dinamika.v10i2.5143

This research explores the educational values within Surah ‘Abasa (80):1-10 through the lens of classical and modern Tafsir, aiming to uncover its relevance to Islamic pedagogical principles. The study employs a qualitative methodology, utilizing primary Tafsir sources such as Tafsir al-Thabari, Tafsir al-Qurthubi, and Tafsir al-Misbah to provide a comprehensive analysis of the text. The findings reveal that Q. 80:1-10 emphasizes non-discrimination in education, advocating for equal treatment of all students, regardless of their physical abilities or social backgrounds. It promotes the philosophy of universal education, stressing education as both a right and a duty. The study underscores the principle of non-segregation and suggests that obstacles to education are more influenced by external factors than intrinsic limitations. The implications of these findings suggest a need for inclusive educational policies and practices that ensure equitable access to learning for all students. This research contributes to the discourse on Islamic education by highlighting the significance of inclusivity and fairness as foundational elements of educational frameworks in Muslim societies, particularly Indonesia.

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