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All Journal MEDIA PETERNAKAN - Journal of Animal Science and Technology Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen (JABM) E-Journal Tropical Animal Science Journal Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan Jurnal Pusat Inovasi Masyarakat Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Rika Zahera, Rika
Department Of Animal Nutrition And Feed Technology, Faculty Of Animal Science, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Agatis, IPB University Campus Dramaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Energy Social Sciences

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The feeding behavior of dairy cattle under tropical heat stress conditions at smallholder urban farming Despal Despal; Claudia Faresty; Rika Zahera; Toto Toharmat
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 7 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230753

Abstract

Abstract. Despal, Faresty C, Zahera R, Toharmat R. 2022. Title The feeding behavior of dairy cattle under tropical heat stress conditions at smallholder urban farming. Biodiversitas 23: 3771-3777. Dairy cattle (Bos taurus) feeding behavior influences feed intake and affect animal welfare and disease management. This study observed dairy cattle feeding behaviors under tropical smallholder urban farming environments. Thirty-six cattle at the Kebon Pedes area of Bogor City were observed during 12 h feeding (6 am-6 pm). These traits included eating, ruminating, resting duration, and frequencies, measured using a continuous method. Temperature, humidity, temperature-humidity index (THI), feed and nutrient intake, milk production, and components were measured. The results showed that the cattle were in mild to severe heat stress. The average cow daily eating, ruminating, and resting frequencies were 6.61, 7.61, and 22.33 times, while the average eating, ruminating, and resting durations per cow per 12 h were 129.64, 105.67, and 484.69 minutes, respectively. The dry matter intake was 11.17 kg with a roughage to concentrate ratio of 0.73:1. The protein, ash, ether extract, and crude fiber intake were 10.25, 6.62, 3.67, and 22.08% DM, respectively. The average milk productions and fat contents were 11.01 L/head/d and 5.44%. The results showed that eating and ruminating levels correlated positively with feed, and CF intakes while resting correlated negatively. It was concluded that the cattle were in heat-stressed (THI of >78) condition, reduced DM intake, and deficient in energy and CP, which led to lower milk production but higher milk components, specifically milk fat. It is recommended to improve forage quality that promotes eating and ruminating and reduces resting durations, improving milk production.
NIRS-based prediction of mineral content and DCAD status for sustainable livestock nutrition ROKHMATUN ISNAINI; DESPAL DESPAL; IDAT GALIH PERMANA; RIKA ZAHERA; ANNISA ROSMALIA; MUHAMMAD NAUFAL FARRAS
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 7 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260720

Abstract

Abstract. Isnaini R, Despal, Permana IG, Zahera R, Rosmalia A, Farras MN. 2025. NIRS-based prediction of mineral content and DCAD status for sustainable livestock nutrition. Biodiversitas 26: 3281-3293. The Dietary Cation-Anion Difference (DCAD)—the balance between positively and negatively charged minerals (e.g., Na?, K? vs. Cl?, S²?)—is a key factor in maintaining acid-base balance, calcium homeostasis, and metabolic health in dairy cows (Bos taurus (Linnaeus, 1758)). However, DCAD data for individual feedstuffs, especially those used in tropical regions like Indonesia, are largely unavailable, limiting formulation accuracy. This study analyzed the mineral content (Ca, Na, K, Mg, P, S, Cl) of 289 Indonesian feed samples, all feed samples in each category were derived from one species only (66 grasses, 114 legumes, 47 roughages, and 62 concentrates) using wet chemistry, and calculated their DCAD values. Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to develop predictive models as a rapid, non-destructive, cost-effective, and multi-parameter alternative to laboratory analysis. DCAD values varied widely: most grasses, roughages, and concentrates were negative, while legumes tended to be positive. This variation is nutritionally relevant, as negative DCAD diets are beneficial during the prepartum phase to reduce the risk of hypocalcemia in transition cows. NIRS models showed strong performance (R²>0.8; RPD>1.4), with successful external validation (SEP/SEL<2, except in concentrates). The resulting DCAD database and NIRS models can be integrated into mobile apps or formulation tools to support precision feeding strategies, particularly for managing transition cow health in tropical dairy systems.
Co-Authors A K Agustina A K Agustina A. Rosmalia Amberly Anadya Prames Aulia Safira Darmawan Ayu Risqiana Claudia Faresty Derry Dardanella DESPAL DESPAL Despal Despal Despal Despal Dian Anggraeni Dwi Margi Suci Dwierra Evvyernie Heti Mulyati Husna, Hafidzatul I G Permana I. Agustiyani I. G. Permana I. M. Afnan IDAT GALIH PERMANA Idat Galih Permana Junita Purwanti L. A. Sari L. Abdullah M. Zain MUHAMMAD NAUFAL FARRAS Mutia Sari Nisa Zahra Nurul Hidayati R. Chandra ROKHMATUN ISNAINI Rosmalia, Annisa S Suryahadi Siti Alpiyah Siti Khoziah Sukron Muttaqin Toto Toharmat Toto Toharmat U. H. Tanuwiria Widya Hermana Y. I. Yulianti Yulia Eka Nurjanah Zikri Aulia Rahman Zumrotun Ni’mah