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Financial Inclusion and Income Improvement of UMKM in Indonesia: An Analysis Lia Nazliana Nasution; Bakhtiar Efendi; Rizkil Khoir
Proceeding of The International Conference on Business and Economics Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Proceeding of The International Conference on Business and Economics
Publisher : Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56444/icbeuntagsmg.v2i2.2160

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the simultaneous effects of financial inclusion, financial literacy, MSME investment, and unemployment on MSME income and the unemployment rate in Indonesia. We used a simultaneous equation method with the observed variables being financial literacy, financial inclusion, the number of MSMEs, MSME labor, MSME investment, MSME income, and unemployment. The data used is secondary data covering the period from 2011 to 2022. The results show that the variables of financial inclusion, financial literacy, MSME investment, and unemployment have a significant partial and simultaneous effect on MSME income. From the equation, financial inclusion, financial literacy, and MSME investment have a positive effect on MSME income, while unemployment has a negative effect on MSME income. Furthermore, the variables of the number of MSMEs, MSME labor, and MSME income have a significant partial and simultaneous effect on unemployment. From the equation, the number of MSMEs, MSME labor, and MSME income have a negative effect on unemployment.
Ketidaksiapan Pasar Tenaga Kerja dalam Menghadapi Era Ekonomi Digital di Indonesia Kardina Siregar; Lia Nazliana Nasution; Bakhtiar Efendi
MUQADDIMAH: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Bisnis Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Bisnis
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Nurul Qarnain Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59246/muqaddimah.v3i1.1176

Abstract

This study was conducted in Indonesia with the aim of determining the unpreparedness of the labor market in facing the digitalization era using the Vector Auto Regression (VAR) analysis method with a time series study for 19 (Nineteen) years. There are five variables used, namely e-commerce, economic growth, inflation, unemployment and labor with data obtained from the World Bank. The results of the VAR analysis using the lag 2 basis, the vector autoregression analysis shows the contribution of each variable to the variable itself and other variables. In addition, the results of the vector autoregression analysis also show that the past variable (t-1) contributes to the current variable both to the variable itself and to other variables. The results of the analysis show that there is a reciprocal relationship between the variables. The Response Function Analysis shows whether there are other variables that respond to changes in one variable in the short, medium, or long term. In addition, it is known that the stability of all variables appears for five years or the medium and long term. Variable Decomposition Analysis shows that variables such as ECO, INF, and GDP make the greatest contribution to the variable itself both in the short, medium and long term. In contrast, PG and TK are the other variables that have the greatest influence on the variable itself, with ECO and INF being the most influenced.
Transformasi Digital Ekonomi dalam Mendukung Inklusi Keuangan di Indonesia Muhammad Fauzan Pratama; Bakhtiar Efendi; Lia Nazliana Nasution
MUQADDIMAH: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Bisnis Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Bisnis
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Nurul Qarnain Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59246/muqaddimah.v3i1.1184

Abstract

The digital economy plays an important role in promoting financial inclusion by providing wider, more efficient and affordable access to financial services through technology. The digital economy not only includes internet users and fintech but also places importance on sustainability to increase economic growth and reduce inflation in a country. These principles are the purpose of the research to form a strong basis for building an economic model that not only provides short, medium and long term benefits for the people and country of Indonesia. VAR (Vector Autoregression) in the context of econometric analysis is a statistical method used to model the relationship between several time-series variables in the research conducted. The VAR analysis shows that the VAR estimation results highlight the contribution of digital economy variables in measuring financial inclusion. Economic growth is mainly influenced by economic growth itself and savings, showing a significant impact of economic growth and savings. Internet users in the short term are influenced by internet users themselves but in the medium and long term are influenced by fintech as well as fintech variables. For inflation variables in the short and medium term, inflation itself is influenced and in the long term it is influenced by internet users. In the next variable, namely savings in the short and medium term, the biggest influence is inflation then internet users. IRF analysis reveals the response of variables to change and the importance of response stability in the short, medium and long term. In the digital transformation of the economy, that internet users and fintech are the main pillars in realizing digitalization in building financial inclusion but also have an impact on economic growth, savings and ultimately have an impact on inflation. The digital transformation of the economy has a significant impact on financial inclusion, providing a strong basis for digitized or modern economic policies. VAR analysis in IRF and FEVD tests helps reveal the complex interactions between digital economy variables providing valuable insights for effective and sustainable policy formulation.
Model Green Economy Index dalam Mengukur Transformasi Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di Indonesia Rizka Fadillah; Andria Zulfa; Rusiadi Rusiadi; Bakhtiar Efendi; Lia Nazliana Nasution
MUQADDIMAH: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Bisnis Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Bisnis
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Nurul Qarnain Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59246/muqaddimah.v3i1.1186

Abstract

The Green Economy Index is an economic concept that prioritizes a sustainable economy and has a correlation to sustainable development. Green Economy not only includes aspects of economic growth but also places the importance of environmental sustainability, social empowerment as the first foundation. This aspect is the purpose of the research to form a strong basis in building an economic model that not only provides short, medium and long term benefits for society and the environment but can continue sustainable development in Indonesia. VAR (Vector Auto Regression) in the context of econometric analysis is a statistical method used to model the relationship between several variables using time series data. The analysis shows that the estimation results highlight that the contribution of Green Economy Index variables in measuring sustainable development transformation on economic growth variables is mainly influenced by energy consumption and carbon emissions, showing a significant impact of energy consumption and carbon emissions. Green investment in the short and medium term has the greatest influence by green investment itself, but in the long term the effect on green investment is carbon emissions and energy consumption. Furthermore, the variables of energy consumption and carbon emissions that have a significant effect are the variables themselves. IRF analysis shows the response of variables to changes and the importance of response stability in the short, medium and long term. In the Green Economy Index Model, energy consumption and carbon emissions become the main pillars with the encouragement of increasing green investment and then increasing economic growth. The analysis confirms the importance of adopting environmentally friendly practices, using renewable energy and increasing green investment in promoting sustainable economic growth without compromising the environment.
Analisis Kinerja Ekonomi Makro dan Kinerja Perbankan Terhadap Stabilitas Perbankan Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia: Sebuah Studi Empiris : Bank Panin Dubai Syariah dan Bank Aceh Syariah Rizki Rizki; Bakhtiar Efendi; Lia Nazliana Nasution
Jurnal Riset Ekonomi dan Akuntansi Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL RISET EKONOMI DAN AKUNTANSI
Publisher : Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis (ITB) Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54066/jrea-itb.v3i1.3010

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how banking and macroeconomic performance affect Indonesia's Sharia Commercial Banks' stability. Panel Regression is the technique employed. GDP, inflation, BI-Rate, ROA, CAR, assets, and BOPO are the independent variables that are used. Z-Score is utilized as the dependant variable in the meantime. The World Bank, Bank Indonesia, and financial records from Bank Aceh Syariah and Bank Panin Dubai were the sources of the data. The data used spans the years 2011 through 2024. The findings indicate that the Z-Score is positively impacted by GDP, inflation, BOPO, ROA, and CAR. In the meantime, Z-Score is negatively impacted by assets and BI-Rate.
Analisis Pengaruh Rasio-Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Rasio Beban Operasional-Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Amri Darma Kurniawan S; Rusiadi Rusiadi; Bakhtiar Efendi; Lia Nazliana Nasution
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): November : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ekonomi dan Akuntansi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/jepi.v2i4.961

Abstract

This research aims to determine the influence of Islamic banking financial ratios in the form of Return on Assets (ROA) Ratio, Non Performing Financing (NPF) Ratio, Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) on the Operational Cost-Operational Income Ratio (BOPO) at Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia. This research uses a quantitative approach with sample data totaling 7 (seven) sharia commercial banks out of 13 (thirteen) sharia commercial bank populations registered with the Financial Services Authority. Research data uses secondary data for the annual period in the period 2010 - 2023. By using the ARDL (Autoreggressive Distributed Lag) panel model using the PMG (Pooled Mean Group) method, the research results show that in the panel, it turns out that the Leading Indicator is the effectiveness of the variable in controlling the BOPO Ratio at Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia is Return on Assets (ROA), where ROA significantly influences the BOPO Ratio at Bank Muamalat Indonesia, Bank Aceh Syariah, Bank Riau Kepri Syariah, Bank Jabar Banten Syariah, Bank Mega Syariah, and Bank NTB Syariah, with stable positions in the short and long term. Of the 7 (seven) Sharia Commercial Banks that are the objects of research, there are 4 (four) banks that are leading indicators of the effectiveness of sharia banking in influencing the stability of the BOPO ratio, namely: Bank Aceh Syariah, Bank Riau Kepri Syariah, Bank Jabar Banten Syariah, and Bank Mega Syariah through ROA, NPF, FDR, and TATO. Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) is also capable of being a Leading Indicator of variable effectiveness to influence the BOPO Ratio at Bank Muamalat Indonesia, Bank Aceh Syariah, Bank Riau Kepri Syariah, Bank BCA Syariah, Bank Jabar Banten Syariah, Bank Mega Syariah, and Bank NTB Syariah, However, its position is unstable in the short and long term.
Natural Resources Based Green Trade Model for Green Growth in Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, Singapore, India and China (BRISIC) Lola Irmayunda; Bakhtiar Efendi; Wahyu Indah Sari; Rusiadi Rusiadi
Akuntansi Pajak dan Kebijakan Ekonomi Digital Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): Akuntansi Pajak dan Kebijakan Ekonomi Digital
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ekonomi dan Akuntansi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/apke.v2i1.833

Abstract

Researchers in this study aim to determine the Natural Resources-Based Green Trade Model for Green Growth in Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, Singapore, India and China (BRISIC). The method in this research is using the ARDL Panel method. The variables used in this research are Green Growth, Green Trade, Natural Resources, Financial Inclusion, Green Innovation, Digital Economy. The results of this research are from the Green Trade Model Based on Natural Resources on Green Growth in Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, Singapore, India and China (BRISIC) using the panel method, it can be concluded that in BRISIC countries the variable that has an overall influence is green trade. and Natural resources both Short Run Equation and Long Run Equation.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Tao Gadong Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Desa Janji Matogu Kecamatan Porsea Kabupaten Toba Kiki Hardiansyah Siregar; Nazamuddin Ritonga; Bakhtiar Efendi; Dewi Mahrany Rangkuty
Joong-Ki : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 2 No. 2: Mei 2023
Publisher : CV. Ulil Albab Corp

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56799/joongki.v2i2.1605

Abstract

Tao Godung desa Janji Matogu Kecamatan Porsea Kabupaten Toba merupakan kawasan alam yang berpotensi yang perlu dikembangkan. Kawasan Tao Godung ini memiliki keunikan alamnya tersendiri. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari keadaan Pantai yang sangat alami serta Pasir yang begitu halus dan juga bersih. Pengembangan Pantai Tao Godung Janji Matogu ini harus menjadi Prioritas pemerintah maupun masyarakat setempat menjadi objek wisata alam di Kabupaten Toba, karena Pantai ini merupakan objek wisata yang berpotensi dalam dunia pariwisata jika lebih dikembangkan lagi baik dalam sarana dan prasarananya maupun promosi tempat wisatanya agar lebih tersebar luas bagi masyarakat. Dengan adanya Pengembangan Kawasan Tao Godung Janji Matogu maka dapat menambah arus kunjungan wisatawan serta membuka lapangan kerja dan kesempatan berusaha, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat setempat.
ANALYSIS OF MONETARY INDICATOR VARIABLES ON THE STABILITY OF PRICES OF GOODS AND SERVICES BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID- 19 PANDEMIC Gulo, Antonius; Bakhtiar Efendi; Wahyu Indah Sari
TRANSACTION : Journal of Taxation, Accounting, Management and Economics Volume 1 Issue 4 October 2023
Publisher : Arsil Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the contributions of the variable interactions of monetary policy in the stability ofgoods and services prices. Where is the monetary policy variable (inflation, kurs, consumer price index, grossdomestic products, the money supply, and interest rates). Research in conducted in the country of Indonesia and uses secondary data or time series from 2008 to 2021. The data analysis model in this study is Simultaneous Model and Different Test. Simultaneous equations to analyze the relation between independent and variable variables found in the research country. Whereas different tests examine the different monetary policy variables before and during the covid-19 pandemic. Simultaneous analysis of equations on statistical test common equation 1 suggests that variable interest rates, money distribution, exchange rates and consumerprice indexes have significant adverse effects on the INF. Whereas in the same equation 2, it suggests that gross domestic product variables have a positive relationship that is significant to the CPI. And inflation has a negative relationship significantly insignificant t CPI. And different test results show that inflation movement, kurs, money supply, interest rates and CPI before and during the covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia indicate significant results. For this reason, the researcher hopes that the monetary authority, namely Bank Indonesia, can improve monetary stability and maintain the BI rate in regulating the money supply so that it can suppressthe inflation rate as an effort to stabilize the prices of goods and services.
ADAPTIVE STABILITY MODEL FOR CONTROLLING INFLATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT UNDER COVID-19 WITH LOW UNEMPLOYMENT IN 6 ADJUNCT COUNTRIES (USA, JAPAN, ICELAND, THAILAND, INDONESIA, BELARUS) Rike Aulia; Rusiadi, Rusiadi; Bakhtiar Efendi
TRANSACTION : Journal of Taxation, Accounting, Management and Economics Volume 2 Issue 4 October 2024
Publisher : Arsil Media

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the optimalization of monetary policy and fiscal policy (current policies) in stabilizing the economy, to be precise in overcoming the unemployment rate during the pandemic in the 6 world’s highest unemployment countries (South Africa, Colombia, Philippines, Brazil, Chile, and United States). Where the monetary variables (Total Money Supply and Real Interest Rates), fiscal policy (government expenture and TAX revenue), and economic stability (inflation, GDP, and wages). This study uses secondary data or time series from 2005 to 2019. The data analysis models in this study are Simultaneous Regression, Vector Autogression (VAR) model, and ARDL Panel seen from sharpening with Impulse Response Function (IRF) analysis, and Forecast Error Variance Decomposition (FEVD), and ARDL Panel. The results of the IRF analysis show that the stability of the variable response is formed in period 8 or medium term and period 15 or long term, where the response of other variables to changes in one variable shows different variations from positive to negative responses or vice versa, and there are variables whose responses remain positive. to negative from short to long term. FEVD analysis results show a leading indicator as an operational target. Then the results of the ARDL Panel analysis show that the Inflation Panel, Total Money Supply, Interest Rates, Gross Domestic Product, Government Expenditure, TAX Revenue, and Wages are able to control economic stability, precisely at the unemployment rate in the 6 in the world’s highest unemployment countries back in the short term, as well as long-term.