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All Journal JURNAL LITIGASI (e-Journal) Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum Al-Mawarid Jurnal Hukum Islam Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Musawa : Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Islam Jurnal Konstitusi Empowerment : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Constitutional Review Al-Jinayah: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Misykat al-Anwar Jurnal Kajian Islam dan Masyarakat Jurnal Yudisial Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Jurnal Konstitusi Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian: Media Komunikasi Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan
Faiq Tobroni
FIAI UII
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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PEMBATASAN KEGIATAN KEAGAMAAN DALAM PENANGANAN COVID-19 Tobroni, Faiq
Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum Vol 6 No 2 (2020): Agustus, Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Singaraja

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jkh.v6i2.28062

Abstract

Kebebasan beragama adalah salah satu HAM yang dijamin dalam Konstitusi Indonesia. Tetapi karena adanya pandemi Covid-19, Indonesia terpaksa membuat kebijakan pembatasan kegiatan keagamaan untuk memutus penyebaran virus tersebut. Penelitian ini mempertanyakan bagaimana konsep pembatasan keagamaan dalam hukum HAM? dan bagaimana pembatasan keagaman dalam penanganan Covid-19 di Indonesia ditinjau dari instrumen hukum HAM? Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini menyimpukan sebagai berikut. Menuurt instrumen HAM internasional, kebijakan pembatasan kegiatan keagamaan harus memperhatikan kategori kebebasan yang terbatasi dan ketentuan penafsiran dalam menggunakan instrumen HAM internasional untuk merumuskan kebijakan pembatasan kegiatan keagamaan. Pembatasan hanya diperbolehkan pada kegiatan keagamaan kategori kebebasan forum eksternal. Sementara, ketentuan penafsiran yang harus diperhatikan adalah kejelasan rumusan tujuan pembatasan, tidak diskriminatif, tidak berimplikasi meniadakan hak, adanya kesebandingan antara tujuan dan mekanisme pembatasan, dan langkah objektif dalam perumusan pembatasan. Dalam menangani Covid-19, Pemerintah Indonesia telah memilih opsi Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, yang salah satu implikasinya adalah pembatasan kegiatan keagamaan. Rumusan kebijakan pembatasan kegiatan keagamaan tersebut terdokumentasi dalam rangkaian peraturan perundang-undangan yang tersusun secara hirarkis. Semua kebijakan pembatasan kegiatan keagamaan tersebut telah memenuhi beberapa ketentuan dalam instrumen HAM internasional
SURAT KETERANGAN PEMERIKSAAN NARKOBA SEBAGAI SYARAT PERMOHONAN KEHENDAK NIKAH: Inovasi Penataan Administrasi Perkawinan di KUA Kecamatan Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara Amilia, Fatma; Tobroni, Faiq
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 12 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2019.12201

Abstract

This article duscuss the enactment of Narcotics Examination Certificate (SKPN) as requirements for marriage request at the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) is located in Nunukan, Nunukan, North Kalimantan. As a local policy, it must be reviewed from the principle of government administration and the benefits for society. This is very important so that in the future, this policy will not be considered illegal. By using qualitative research methods and extracting data through interviews, documentation and observation, this research concludes as follows. Implementation of the addition of SKPN as requirement for marital administration has fulfilled the principle of government administration, which consists of legal aspects, protection of human rights (HAM) and principles of good general government (APUB). Meanwhile, from maqāṣid syarī’ah perspective, the benefits of the policy is the protection of religion, soul, mind, wealth, and honor or lineage.Artikel ini mendiksusikan pemberlakuan Surat Keterangan Pemeriksaan Narkoba (SKPN) sebagai persyaratan permohonan kehendak nikah di Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Kecamatan Nunukan Kabupaten Nunukan Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Sebagai kebijakan lokal, kebijakan ini harus ditinjau dari asas penyelenggaraan administrasi pemerintahan dan kemanfaatannya bagi masyarakat. Hal ini sangat penting agar dikemudian hari, kebijakan ini tidak dianggap melanggar hukum. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan penggalian data melalui interview, dokumentasi dan observasi, penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan sebagai berikut. Pelaksanaan penambahan SKPN sebagai syarat administrasi perkawinan telah memenuhi asas penyelenggaraan administrasi pemerintahan, yang terdiri dari aspek legalitas, perlindungan hak asasi manusia (HAM) dan asas pemerintahan umum yang baik (APUB). Sementara itu, dari perspektif maqāṣid syarī’ah, kemanfaatan dari kebijakan tersebut meliputi perlindungan terhadap agama, jiwa, akal, harta, dan kehormatan atau keturunan.
ITSBAT ON WIDOW'S MARRIAGE DURING IDDAH: OVERVIEW ON THEORY OF NORM HIERARCHY (Study of Stipulation Number 137/Pdt.P/2018/PA.Bm) Tobroni, Faiq
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 11 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.11.2.2022.313-342

Abstract

The presence of legal norm hierarchy theory can be used to describe legal events that cannot be resolved only by concrete legal norms. This paper will elaborate on this theory and its implementation to explain the legal considerations behind the acceptance of istbat of widow marriages during the iddah period as occurred in Stipulation Number 137/Pdt.P/2018/PA.Bm. By using qualitative methods and secondary data, this article concludes that the legal consideration of judges for accepting this case is the nescience, child protection, and absence of bad willing. The construction of legal considerations in this case represents the movement of selecting norms from al-ahkam al-far`iyyah to al-usul al-kulli and al-qiyam al-asasi.
Paradigma HAM dalam Pembatasan Organisasi Masyarakat KeagamaanKontra Pancasila Tobroni, Faiq
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 16 No 2 (2019): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Metro, Lampung, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/istinbath.v16i2.1701

Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian ini mengungkap paradigma HAM di balik pembatasan organisasi masyarakat keagamaan yang kontra terhadap Pancasila. Dengan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan sebagai berikut. Hak berorganisasi memang telah dijamin dalam Pasal 28 UUD 1945. Kegiatan berorganisasi juga berkonsekuensi kepada pelaksanaan hak meyakini kepercayaan (Pasal 28E Ayat (2) UUD 1945) yang artinya sama saja merupakan perwujudan hak berorganisasi keagamaan dalam konteks organisasi tersebut merupakan wadah kegiatan beragama. Akan tetapi, negara juga bisa saja membatasi (baca: membubarkan) organisasi keagamaan yang kegiatannya bertentangan dengan Pancasila sesuai amanat Pasal 28J Ayat (2) UUD 1945. Konstitusionalitas pembatasan HAM atas berorganisasi keagamaan tersebut mendapatkan legitimasi teoritisnya dengan paradigma HAM universalisme relatif. Abstract This research reveals the human rights paradigm behind the restrictions on the religious organization that are counter to Pancasila. With qualitative research methods, this study produced the following findings. The right to organize has indeed been guaranteed in Article 28 of the 1945 Constitution. Organizational activities also have consequences for the exercise of the right to believe the faith (Article 28E Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution), which means an embodiment of the right to perform in a religious organization in the context of the organization as a container for religious activities. However, the state can also limit (read: dissolve) religious organizations whose activities are contrary to Pancasila in accordance with the mandate of Article 28J Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. The constitutionality of human rights restrictions on religious organization is gaining theoretical legitimacy with the human rights paradigm of relative universalism.
Penanganan Covid-19 Dan Pengembangan Hukum Ham Konteks Indonesia: - Tobroni, Faiq
Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Vol 17 No 2 (2020): Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Metro, Lampung, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/ijh.v17i2.2294

Abstract

In dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic, the Indonesian government uses Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) as an option to accelerate the handling of Covid-19. There is a narrative struggle regarding the limitation of human rights behind the policy of implementing the PSBB. The research uses a form of normative juridical legal research. Retrieving data through documentation, and data analysis through reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The narrative struggle that occurs regarding the protection of rights in handling Covid-19 is shown by the tug-of-war between the interests of health and the rights of community activities, where the policy of limitation has implications for the fulfillment of life's needs. The implementation of PSBB in Indonesia must be done optimally by improving domestic human rights legal instruments by incorporating public health and safety factors as the legality of human rights restrictions.
- Pembedaan Kebebasan Beragama dan Penodaan Agama : (Studi Putusan No. 69/Pid.B/2012/PN.Spg) Tobroni, Faiq
Al-Jinayah : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4022.55 KB) | DOI: 10.15642/aj.2019.5.2.489-510

Abstract

In examining cases relating to blasphemy, one of challenges is to distinguish between blasphemy and religious freedom. Case Number 69/Pid.B/2012/PN.Spg provides an interesting story about the importance of legal reasoning by judges to distinguish it. This research has the following problem formulation. How do judges use their legal reasoning to distinguish between religious freedom and blasphemy? and how is the legal reasoning viewed from the perspective of Human Rights? By using qualitative research methods, this study finds the following conclusions. As long as the religious opinion does not touch to question the authenticity of something sacred in a religion (such as the Scriptures), it is still safe to say as a difference in interpretation. But when the opinion has been touched to assess the authenticity or falsity of something sacred in a religion (such as the Scriptures), this opinion is vulnerable to be categorized as blasphemy because it can be considered as an expression that deliberately brings hostility or blasphemy against religion. This reasoning is in accordance with the division of two forums on religious freedom, namely the internal and external forums. Abstrak: Dalam pemeriksaan perkara berkaitan dengan penodaan agama, salah satu tantangan terbesar adalah membedakan antara penodaan agama dengan kebebasan beragama. Perkara Nomor 69/Pid.B/2012/PN.Spg menyediakan cerita yang menarik mengenai pentingnya penalaran hukum oleh hakim untuk membedakan kebebasan beragama dan penodaan agama. Penelitian ini mempunyai rumusan masalah sebagai berikut. Bagaimana hakim menggunakan penalaran hukumnya untuk membedakan antara kebebasan beragama dan penodaan agama? serta bagaimana penalaran hukum tersebut ditinjau dari perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM)? Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini menemukan kesimpulan sebagai berikut. Sepanjang pendapat keagamaan tersebut tidak sampai menyentuh untuk mempertanyakan keaslian sesuatu yang sakral dalam suatu gama (seperti kitab suci), pendapat keagamaan tersebut masih aman dikatakan sebagai perbedaan penafsiran. Tetapi ketika pendapat tersebut telah menyentuh untuk menilai keaslian atau kepalsuan sesuatu yang sakral dalam agama (seperti Kitab Suci), pendapat ini rentan dikategorikan sebagai penodaan agama karena bisa dianggap sebagai ungkapan yang sengaja membawa permusuhan atau penodaan terhadap agama. Penalaran seperti ini sesuai dengan pembagian dua forum kebebasan beragama, yakni forum internum dan eksternum.
PELARANGAN AKTIVITAS KELOMPOK KEAGAMAAN TANPA KOMENTAR UMUM KIHSP Tobroni, Faiq
Jurnal Yudisial Vol. 13 No. 2 (2020): VINCULUM JURIS
Publisher : Komisi Yudisial RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29123/jy.v13i2.438

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti masalah pengabaian prinsip pembatasan kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan yang timbul sebagai akibat adanya pertimbangan hukum dalam Putusan Nomor 23 P/HUM/2011. Pertimbangan tersebut tidak menggunakan Komentar Umum 22 Kovenan Internasional Hak Sipil dan Politik (KIHSP). Rumusan masalah penelitian ini mempertanyakan bagaimana pertimbangan hukum yang disampaikan oleh majelis hakim serta rincian prinsip pembatasan kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan yang terabaikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan memanfaatkan salinan Putusan Nomor 23 P/HUM/2011 dan beberapa perangkat peraturan yang relevan sebagai bahan hukum primer. Dalam mengadili permohonan judicial review atas keberadaan beberapa peraturan kepala daerah yang melarang kegiatan Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia (JAI), majelis hakim menerima keberadaan KIHSP sebagai pertimbangan hukumnya, tetapi tidak sampai menggunakan Komentar Umum 22 KIHSP. Hal tersebut menyebabkan argumentasi hakim meninggalkan beberapa prinsip pembatasan hak asasi manusia yang seharusnya digunakan untuk meninjau ulang, apakah cara memenuhi persyaratan pembatasan sudah sesuai dengan prinsip pembatasan tersebut. Beberapa rincian prinsip tersebut adalah prinsip kesebandingan, penafsiran ketat, dan non-diskriminasi. Kata kunci: peraturan kepala daerah; komentar umum; kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan; hak asasi manusia. ABSTRACTThis study is intended to examine the problem of neglecting the principle of limiting freedom of religion and belief that arises as a result of legal considerations in Decision Number 23 P/HUM/2011. These considerations do not take General Comment 22 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The research problems are: how the legal considerations conveyed by the panel of judges are formulated and what are the details of the neglected principles of freedom of religion and belief restriction? This study was a normative legal research method by utilizing a copy of Decision Number 23 P/HUM/2011 and several relevant regulatory instruments as primary legal materials. In adjudicating a request for a judicial review of the existence of several regional head regulations that prohibit the activities of the Indonesian Ahmadiyya Jama’ah (JAI), the panel of judges accepted the existence of the ICCPR as a legal consideration, but did not use General Comment 22 ICCPR. This caused the judge’s argument to abandon some of the principles of limiting human rights that should be utilized to review whether the method of ful lling the limitation requirements is in accordance with the limitation principle. Some of the details of these principles are the principles of comparability, strict interpretation and non-discrimination.Keywords: regional head regulations; general comments; freedom of religion and belief; human rights.  
State-Centric versus Human Resource–Centric Khilafah: A Comparative Analysis Tobroni, Faiq
Dinamika Penelitian: Media Komunikasi Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): Dinamika Penelitian: Media Komunikasi Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan
Publisher : LP2M UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21274/dinamika.2025.25.2.158-175

Abstract

The concept of the khilafah has been reduced to a form of governance intended to replace Pancasila. As part of Islamic history, however, the khilafah carries significant strategic implications for the development of the Muslim community. This article examines the contestation of the khilafah concept between state-centric and human resource–oriented, contextual perspectives, and the extent to which a human resource–oriented reinterpretation of the khilafah can be offered as an alternative beyond the nation-state framework. Methodologically, the study employs a critical–interpretive discourse analysis based on a systematic review of academic literature and primary discursive data. The literature is classified into three groups: works that support the khilafah as a political system, works that reject it through the lens of modern state theory, and works that offer contextual reinterpretations of the concept. The primary data consist of public interviews and statements by Yudian Wahyudi, which are analyzed through thematic categorization, comparative interpretation, and contextual analysis. The findings demonstrate that while HTI's discourse remains confined to a rigid state-centric paradigm, Yudian's framework reconceptualizes the khilafah not as a system of state power but as an ethical and managerial responsibility oriented toward the development of qualified, competent, and morally accountable human resources capable of managing diversity (ikhtilāf) and responsibility (amanah). Theoretically, this reinterpretation advances a post-nation-state model of Islamic political ethics by positioning the khilafah as a portable moral vocabulary applicable across diverse political and cultural contexts for human development.
The End of Blasphemy Crimes in Indonesia: Shifts in Human Rights Limitations and MUI’s Fatwa Authority Tobroni, Faiq; Tahir, Ach; Iswantoro; Basuki, Udiyo; Murdoko
LITIGASI Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/litigasi.v26i2.31471

Abstract

The old Indonesian Criminal Code poses problems with regard to the handling of religious crimes. For example, Article 156a criminalises religious expressions considered deviant or heretical. The old Criminal Code limits religious expression by criminalising heretical religious interpretations. These limitations obscure the freedom of religion as a human right. This study examines the paradigm shift in human rights limitations in the new Criminal Code, and its impact on the fatwa authority of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). A normative juridical method is employed through a literature-based analysis of statutory provisions on blasphemy offences under both the former Indonesian Criminal Code and the new 2023 Indonesian Criminal Code, alongside fatwas issued by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) and relevant legal and human rights scholarship. The findings demonstrate that Article 300 of the new Criminal Code reconfigures the regulation of blasphemy offences by shifting the framework of limitations on human rights of religious expression, particularly through changes in the scope of criminalisation and the normative role of the fatwa authority. Criminalisation now applies to actions that interfere with freedom of religion, rather than to blasphemy against religion itself. The objective of limitation has shifted from protecting religion to protecting religious freedom. This change has implications for the role of local fatwa authorities in handling religious crimes.
Pemodelan Perlindungan HKI Komunal Warisan Kuliner Tradisional melalui Pendekatan Pluralisme Hukum di Indonesia Prayitno, Farrel Izham; Abroor Zuhri, A. Nawfal; Tobroni, Faiq; Multazam, Ahmad
MISYKAT AL-ANWAR JURNAL KAJIAN ISLAM DAN MASYARAKAT Vol 9 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Islamic Studies, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/ma.9.1.211-224

Abstract

Traditional culinary knowledge in Indonesia often exists in a legal grey area, particularly when communal cultural expressions are assessed through intellectual property regimes designed for individual ownership. This article focuses on the case of Rendang Minangkabau and examines how its protection can be strengthened within a communal intellectual property rights framework grounded in legal pluralism. Rather than relying solely on doctrinal analysis, this study adopts a simulation-based normative–empirical approach to explore how different regulatory configurations may influence protection outcomes. Four policy scenarios were constructed over a five- year projection period (2024–2028), drawing on secondary data and structured parameter modeling. The analysis incorporates regulatory strength, recognition of adat norms, and benefit- sharing mechanisms as core variables to assess changes in an Effective Protection Index. The findings suggest that legal reform alone is insufficient when detached from customary legitimacy. Scenarios that formally recognize adat institutions and incorporate equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms produce substantially higher protection outcomes compared to the current regulatory configuration. In particular, the recognition of customary norms emerges as the most influential factor in strengthening protection effectiveness. By translating the concept of legal pluralism into an operational policy model, this study moves beyond purely qualitative debates and offers a structured framework for evaluating communal intellectual property protection.
Co-Authors Abroor Zuhri, A. Nawfal Ahmad Multazam, Ahmad Aktar, Md Nadim Basuki, Udiyo Fatma Amilia, Fatma Hamam Burhanuddin Iswantoro Iswantoro, Iswantoro Izzatin Kamala, Izzatin Murdoko Nasrudin, Muhamad Prayitno, Farrel Izham Salwa, Hana Zaida Tahir, Ach