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PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT PATIK (Cercospora nicotianae) PADA TEMBAKAU NA OOGST SECARA IN-VIVO DENGAN EKSTRAK DAUN GULMA KIPAHIT (Tithonia diversifolia) Aditya Reza Apriyadi; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni; Victoria Supartini
Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian Vol 1 No 2 (2013): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Jember University Press

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[ENGLISH] Frog eyes diseases or leaf spot caused by Cercospora nicotinae that can reduce the quality of tobacco leaves, especially when used as a cigar deckblad. Affected leaves was easyly torn and the syhmptoms developed rapidly when processed in the storage. Therefore the alternative control of plant is by mexico sun flower leaf extracts. Mexico sunflower belonging to the broadleaf weeds. It suggested contains flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins. The results showed mexico sunflower leaf extract concentration 50 g / L was effective to control this diseases, when compared mexico sunflower leaf extract concentration 25 g / L. However, there was no different between plant sprayed with mexico sun flower extract at concentration of 50 g/L and 75 g/L. Keywords: Mexico Sunflower leaf extract; Cercospora nicotianae; Tobacco. [INDONESIAN] Penyakit patik atau bercak daun Cercospora yang disebabkan oleh jamur Cercospora nicotinae dapat mengurangi mutu daun tembakau, terutama apabila digunakan sebagai daun pembalut cerutu. Biasanya penyakit ini dikendalikan dengan pestisida kimia tetapi karena ada batasan residu kimia maksimum sebesar 2,0 ppm, maka dicari alternatif pengendaliannya. Kipahit merupakan gulma berdaun lebar yang mempunyai potensi sebagai anti jamur patogen tanaman, karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tannin, terpenoid, dan saponin. Dengan penyemprotan empat kali dalam interval 15 hari, diketahui ekatrak daun kipahit dengan konsentrasi 50 g/l dan 75 g/L dapat menurunkan tingkat keparahan penyakit 1% sejak 60 hst sampai 70 hst. Akan tetapi, nilai insiden penyakit diketahui 100% pada semua perlakuan ekstrak daun kipahit. Ekstrak daun kipahit dengan konsentrasi 50 g/L sudah efektif mengendalikan penyakit patik jika dibandingkan dengan ekstrak daun kipahit dengan konsentrasi 25 g/L. Namun ekstrak daun kipahit dengan konsentrasi 75 g/L tidak berbeda efektifitasnya dengan ekstrak daun kipahit dengan konsentrasi 50 g/L. Kata Kunci: Ekstrak daun kipahit; Cercospora nicotianae; Tembakau How to citate: Apriyadi AR, WS Wahyuni, V Supartini. 2013. Pengendalian penyakit patik (Cercospora nicotianae) pada tembakau na oogst secara in-vivo dengan ekstrak daun gulma kipahit (Tithonia diversifolia). Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 1(2): 30-32.

EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPOST EXTRACT INDUCING SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE IN CIGAR TOBACCO PLANT AGAINST Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Abdullah Umar; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni
Widyariset Vol 16, No 2 (2013): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Tobacco is a highly valuable commodity and Cucumber mmosaic vvirus (CMV) is an economically important disease. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of compost extract inducing systemic resistance in cigar tobacco against CMV. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with two factors (5/K x2/V). K factor consisted of five types of three kinds of compost extract, Pseudomonas putida and control, while factor V consisted of 2 types of with or without virus inoculation. Each treatment was repeated 5 times. Its effectiveness was assessed by observing severity of the disease at 24, 27, 31, 36, 40, and 44 days after virus inoculation. The result showed that application of compost extract or P. putida Pf-20 on 15 days before inoculation of CMV could induce the systemic resistance of cigar tobacco and extended to the period of incubation up to 22 days. Rice straw compost extract was more effective than leaf litter compost extract or coffee husks. However, the indication effectiveness of those three extract were lower than P. putida.

INTERAKSI PSEUDOMONAD PENDARFLUOR INDIGENUS DENGAN Glomus aggregatum TERHADAP SERANGAN PENYAKIT BATANG BERLUBANG DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TEMBAKAU Gita Pawana; - Syekhfani; Tini Surtiningsih; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni
Agrovigor Vol 5, No 2 (2012): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrovigor.v5i2.312

Properties are favorable for the growth of plants from mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi and pseudomonads fluorescenct still need the wider examine, the positive interaction that may be obtained from their association. The purpose of this study was to examine the interaction of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pfim20 with Glomus aggregatum in the rhizosphere of tobacco and evaluate whether the interaction can increase of growth and suppress hollow stalk disease. The method of research is evaluation of antagonistic P. fluorescens Pfim20 towards Pectobacterium carotovorum, followed by green house experiment. The results obtained, the association of P. fluorescens Pfim20 with G. aggregatum positive interaction, on the presence or the absence of association between of P. fluorescens Pfim20 with G. aggregatum there are not level of disease severity and progression of hollow stalk disease, positive interaction between P. fluorescens Pfim20 with G. aggregatum can increase the uptake of phosphate, but can not give a higher biomass.

Total Protein Content and Pathogenesis Related-Proteins in Leaf Intercellular Fluid of Cigar Tobacco Cultivar H-877 Infected with Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni; Endang Budi Trisusilowati; Didiek Sulistyanto
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (1999)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12758

The reaction of hypersensitive Nicotiana species or cultivar (N. glutinosa, N. tabacum cv. Xanthi nc., N. tabacum cv. H-877) to three isolates of TMV from Jember showed variable symptoms. Pattern of total protein from leaf was hard to distinguish between cultivar or species. The intercellular fluids (IF) of leaf tissues which contained pathogenesis related (PR) proteins of cigar tobacco cultivar H-877 (it derives the N-gene from N. glutinosa) has lost several protein bands than that of N. glutinosa. The H-382 cultivar which systemic reaction to TMV has a band with very low molecular weight, which was not detected in other species or cultivar infected with three TMV isolates. It seems there was an effect of longterm storage of leaf before IF-extraction to the resolution of some PR protein bands in SDS PAGE. Analysis of PR-proteins of H877 cultivar in 20-SDS PAGE showed it consist of b-4, b-5, b-6a, b-6b, b-7a, and b-8a proteins of Parent and Asselin(1984).

Dipping Seedling’s Rice Root with Indigenous Microorganisms from Mimosa invisa to Control Blast Disease and Increased Rice Production in Purwoasri Village, Jember Abd. Rouf Rizqon; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 25, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.68379

Rice blast disease has become endemic in Purwoasri Village, Gumukmas District, Jember Regency since 2018; this was due to the use of the Ciherang variety planted continuously. The study aimed to use the indigenous microorganisms IM) suspension made by farmers from Pos Pelayanan Agens Hayati (PPAH, Biological Agent Service Post) in Ambulu District as the control agent for blast pathogens and increased rice production. The roots of rice seeds were dipped in IM suspension at a concentration of 50 mL/L for 2 hours to penetrate to roots. Seedlings with IM were planted in a block of 250 m2, and control was also planted in the same block size. In the IM-treated block, the incidence and severity of blast disease decreased compared to the control. The root treated by IM dipping was also increased the plant growth, including root architecture, root length, root volume, and the number of tillers/plant; furthermore, it improved rice production. It was found that IM suspension contained pseudomonad fluorescent and Bacillus sp. that belong to Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) group.

BIOPESTICIDE MADE FROM RICE STRAW Moh. Hoesain; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni
UNEJ e-Proceeding Proceeding of International Conference on Food Sovereignty and Sustainable Agriculture (FoSSA) 2017
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Rice straw is found abundantly in rice fields because the average straw produced from rice field area is 1.4 times the amount of its harvest. If the straw is composted, the yield ofcompost is 60%. This compost was made as a biopestisida after added with bacteriumPseudomonas putida H10. Beside of this, it also acted as biofertilizer because it was rich innutrient content. When rice crops were sprayed three times with this biopesticide, the plantswere resistance to rice blast and neck rot disease (Piricularia oryzae) and brownplanthopper that attacked the area at that time, and increased the growth. This was indicatedby the more number of tillers, more greener leaves, panicles were grown earlier, so that wereharvested five days earlier than that plants not sprayed wih biopesticide. This biopestisidewas also tested on tomato plants in order to control Fusarium wilt disease. It was sprayed inthe earlier growth, the flowering and fruiting periods. It was turn out that this tomatoes wereresistance to Fusarium wilt, thrips and leaf-eating pheasants (Spodoptera litura), alsogrowing much better and more dense fruits.

EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPOST EXTRACT INDUCING SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE IN CIGAR TOBACCO PLANT AGAINST Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Abdullah Umar; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni
Widyariset Vol 16, No 2 (2013): Widyariset
Publisher : Pusbindiklat - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/widyariset.16.2.2013.309-318

Tobacco is a highly valuable commodity and Cucumber mmosaic vvirus (CMV) is an economically important disease. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of compost extract inducing systemic resistance in cigar tobacco against CMV. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with two factors (5/K x2/V). K factor consisted of five types of three kinds of compost extract, Pseudomonas putida and control, while factor V consisted of 2 types of with or without virus inoculation. Each treatment was repeated 5 times. Its effectiveness was assessed by observing severity of the disease at 24, 27, 31, 36, 40, and 44 days after virus inoculation. The result showed that application of compost extract or P. putida Pf-20 on 15 days before inoculation of CMV could induce the systemic resistance of cigar tobacco and extended to the period of incubation up to 22 days. Rice straw compost extract was more effective than leaf litter compost extract or coffee husks. However, the indication effectiveness of those three extract were lower than P. putida.

Karakterisasi fisiologis dan biokimia penyebab penyakit bakteri pembuluh kayu pada tanaman cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) di PT Tirta Harapan Mohammad Khoirul Amrulloh; Hardian Susilo Addy; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Tropis Vol 2 No 1 (2021): January
Publisher : Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jember - Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jptt.v2i1.17919

Bacterial clove wood vessel disease is one of the diseases that affect clove production. The symptoms of the attack are characterized by yellowing of the leaves which then fall, branches and dead branches followed by sudden wilting with insect vectors namely Hindola sp. BPKC disease in 1990 was initially identified as Pseudomonas syzygii, but in 2004 it was re-identified as Ralstonia syzygii. The research method used is physiological characterization and biochemical characterization. The results of physiological characterization in the form of gram test, hypersensitivity test, NaCl level test and growth have the exact same character as the existing literature, while the results in biochemical characterization are glucose, sucrose, maltose, mannitol, dulsitol and sorbitol. only different in the dulsitol and sorbitol test. Keywords: characterization, bacterial wilt, identification

Insidensi dan Keparahan Penyakit Penting Tanaman Padi di kabupaten Jember Rachmi Masnilah; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni; Suhartiningsih Dwi N; Abdul Majid; Hardian Susilo Addy; Ali Wafa
AGRITROP Vol 18, No 1 (2020): Agritrop: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32528/agritrop.v18i1.3103

Jember merupakan salah satu Kabupaten penghasil padi terbesar di jawa timur, Indonesia. Sayangnya berdasarkan Badan Pusat Data Statistik (BPS) pada tahun 2015-2016, produksi padi di Kabupaten Jember Menurun hingga 20.000 ton per tahun. Masalah hama dan penyakit menjadi penyebab utama turunnya produktifitas padi di Jember. Di ketahui tanaman padi di Jember dapat diserang oleh beberapa penyakit dalam kurun waktu yang sama dengan insidensi dan keparahan yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan guna mengetahui tingkat insidensi dan keparahan penyakit penting di beberapa kecamatan di Kabupaten Jember. Lokasi pengambilan data diperoleh berdasarkan metode pengacakan bertingkat dan dilakukan di musim kering. Sampel diambil dari empat desa per kecamatannya dan per desa diambil minimal empat titik lahan. Hasil menunjukkan Beberapa penyakit diketahui menyerang semua lokasi penyakit seperti Penyakit hawar bakteri (Kresek) dan Blast. Umumnya masing-masing kecamatan berbeda jenis penyakit yang menyerang. Sebagai contoh Tungro dan penyakit lain yang diebabkan oleh virus hanya menyerang pada beberapa lokasi dengan insidensi dan keparahan yang kecil. Data hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk dasar peramalan terjadinya epidemi penyakit di kemudian hari dan mempersiapkan metode pengendalian penyakit tanaman padi yang bijaksana pada musim yang sama.

Potensi Bakteri Filosfer Sebagai Agens Hayati Penyakit Pustul (Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv.Glycines) Dan Pemacu Pertumbuhan Kedelai Suhartiningsih Dwi Nurcahyanti; Wiwiek Sri Wahyuni; Rachmi Masnilah
AGRITROP Vol 18, No 2 (2020): Agritrop: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32528/agritrop.v18i2.3804

Penyakit pustul bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas aonopodis pv. Glycines (Xag) merupakan penyakit penting pada kedelai. Kami menggunakan 11 isolat bakteri filosfer JB 4, JB5, JB6, JB7, JB12, JB1, ST31, ST32, ST4, LB2 dan LB3 sebagai agen hayati karena mempunyai “niche” yang sama dengan pathogen, untuk mengetahui kemampuannya dalam mengendalikan Xag dan memacu pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai. Hasil in vitro menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi Xag pada benih kedelai akan menurunkan daya kecambah kedelai. Seed treatment dengan menggunakan bakteri filosfer mampu meningkatkan perkecambahan kedelai yang terinfeksi Xag. Isolat JB 5 dan JB 7 merupakan isolate terbaik dengan daya kecambah yang sama 95% dengan efektivitas ± 35.71% dibandingkan kontrol. Sedangkan isolat JB13 terbaik dalam meningkatkan panjang radikula yaitu 3,13 cm dengan efektivitas 104,58%. Isolat JB7, JB12, JB13 dan ST32 mempunyai kemampuan yang sama dalam mengendalikan penyakit pustule kedelai di rumah kaca dengan keparahan penyakit berkisar ±21,37 dan efektivitas ± 66.41%. Isolat JB 12 dan JB13 menunjukkan kemampuan yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan tinggi tanaman yaitu ± 95.58 cm, jumlah cabang ± 5.53dan jumlah daun ± 29.89. Isolate JB12, JB13 dan ST32, diikuti JB5 dan JB7 berpotensi sebagai agen hayati untuk mengendalikan penyakit pustul dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan kedelai.

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