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KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL DAN TANTANGAN PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM PERSPEKTIF HITORIS: Studi Literatur Mufidatur Rizqiya Permana; Erma Fatmawati; Imron Fauzi
Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang Vol. 11 No. 04 (2025): Volume 11 No. 04 Desember 2025 In Press
Publisher : STKIP Subang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36989/didaktik.v11i04.9005

Abstract

Education is a strategic instrument in shaping civilization and national progress. Throughout its history, national education policy in Indonesia has undergone continuous changes that reflect the social, political, and cultural dynamics of each administration. These changes have direct implications for the direction and quality of learning, especially in elementary schools as the foundation of national education. This study aims to analyze the development of Indonesia's national education policy from a historical perspective and identify challenges in improving the quality of basic learning. The study uses a qualitative approach with a historical-descriptive literature study method, through an analysis of policies, official documents, and previous research results. The results show that each period has different policy characteristics: the colonial period emphasized discriminatory education, the Old Order emphasized national identity, the New Order was oriented towards stability and equity, while the Reformation to Merdeka Belajar (Freedom of Learning) emphasized decentralization and competency-based quality improvement. However, these policies still face challenges such as quality gaps, limited teacher resources, and infrastructure. In conclusion, changes in national education policy show a continuous direction towards improving the quality of basic learning, although its implementation is not yet evenly distributed across all regions.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Guru dalam Menanggapi Kebutuhan Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Isnaini Rodiah Luthfi; Imron Fauzi; M. Ilmil Zawawi
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia (JPPI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Publikasi Inspirasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62017/jppi.v3i2.6247

Abstract

Pendidikan inklusif menekankan pentingnya memberikan kesempatan belajar yang setara bagi seluruh peserta didik, termasuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK). Namun, berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru masih menghadapi tantangan dalam memahami kebutuhan belajar ABK, menyesuaikan strategi pembelajaran, serta mengelola kelas yang heterogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebutuhan pelatihan guru dalam konteks pendidikan inklusif serta mengkaji strategi pengembangan kapasitas yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam merespons keberagaman peserta didik secara efektif. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui kajian pustaka terhadap literatur yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2020–2025. Dari lebih dari 80 artikel yang diidentifikasi, sepuluh literatur utama dipilih berdasarkan relevansi dengan kompetensi guru, pembelajaran diferensiatif, dan penanganan ABK. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki sikap positif terhadap inklusi, tetapi masih kurang dalam keterampilan praktis, seperti modifikasi kurikulum, asesmen kebutuhan siswa, dan penerapan strategi pembelajaran adaptif. Selain itu, keberhasilan pendidikan inklusif sangat dipengaruhi oleh kolaborasi antara guru kelas, guru BK, dan pihak sekolah serta dukungan sistem manajerial yang memadai. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa peningkatan kapasitas guru tidak dapat dilakukan secara umum, melainkan harus melalui model pelatihan yang terarah, aplikatif, dan berbasis kebutuhan nyata di lapangan. Dengan demikian, pengembangan profesional guru yang komprehensif dan sistematis menjadi kunci dalam meningkatkan kualitas praktik pendidikan inklusif secara berkelanjutan.
Transformasi Pembelajaran Digital terhadap Kualitas Interaksi Guru dan Siswa di Era Artificial Intelligence Muhammad Syifa’ Mashudi; Imron Fauzi; M Ilmil Zawawi
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia (JPPI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Januari
Publisher : Publikasi Inspirasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62017/jppi.v3i2.6256

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the transformation of digital learning on the quality of interaction between teachers and students in the era of artificial intelligence (AI). The development of digital technologies and the integration of AI in education have reshaped communication patterns, increased student engagement, and simultaneously created new challenges in maintaining emotional closeness between teachers and learners. This research employed a qualitative approach with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation over a three-month period in several elementary and secondary schools. The findings indicate a shift in teacher–student communication from one-way delivery toward more collaborative, digitally mediated interactions. Student engagement also increased significantly through the use of interactive learning platforms, gamification, and AI-based adaptive systems. However, teachers reported difficulties in sustaining emotional connection due to limited nonverbal communication in virtual environments. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of digital learning transformation is not solely determined by technological capability, but also by teachers’ socio-emotional competencies in fostering meaningful pedagogical relationships. The study recommends the need for digital literacy training and virtual empathy development for educators to ensure that AI integration enhances interaction quality without diminishing the humanistic dimension of education.