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Journal : local history

The Role of AVROS in the Recruitment and Distribution of Plantation Labor in East Sumatra during the Colonial Period, 1910–1942 M. Faisal Ramadhan; Achiriah Achiriah
Local History & Heritage Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Medan Resource Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57251/lhh.v6i1.2022

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of the Algemeene Vereeniging van Rubberplanters ter Oostkust van Sumatra (AVROS) in the recruitment and distribution system of plantation labor in East Sumatra during the period 1910–1942. Employing the historical method—comprising heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography—this study is further supported by the analytical framework of colonial capitalism and labor control theory. The findings reveal that AVROS functioned not merely as an employers’ association, but as an institution that actively organized, regulated, and distributed labor through centralized and bureaucratic mechanisms. While this system ensured efficiency in fulfilling plantation labor demands, it simultaneously reinforced asymmetrical power relations between employers and workers. Through instruments such as labor contracts, mobility control, and regulated labor distribution, AVROS contributed to the maintenance of an exploitative colonial labor structure. The study argues that plantation labor systems under colonial rule were shaped not only by economic imperatives but also by institutionalized mechanisms of social control. These findings advance the scholarship on colonial capitalism by demonstrating the inseparability of economic practices and coercive labor governance, while offering important insights into the structural dynamics of labor exploitation in colonial plantation economies.
Syekh Hasan Maksum as the Mufti of the Deli Sultanate in the Twentieth Century: His Biography, Scholarly Works, and Contributions to Islamic Education in East Sumatra Fachri Rinaldi; Achiriah Achiriah
Local History & Heritage Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Medan Resource Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57251/lhh.v6i2.2176

Abstract

This article examines Syekh Hasan Maksum as the Mufti of the Deli Sultanate in the twentieth century, emphasizing his biography, scholarly works, and contributions to Islamic education in East Sumatra. Although widely recognized as a prominent Muslim scholar, his intellectual legacy has received limited scholarly attention. This study aims to analyze his life, works, and educational contributions within the socio-religious context of the Deli Sultanate. A qualitative biographical approach was employed by analyzing archival records, historical documents, manuscripts, and relevant literature to reconstruct the significant experiences that shaped his intellectual and institutional roles. The findings demonstrate that Syekh Hasan Maksum served not only as the Mufti of the Deli Sultanate but also as an influential Muslim intellectual whose scholarly works and educational activities advanced Islamic education in East Sumatra. His contributions illustrate the close relationship between religious authority, Islamic scholarship, and educational development during the twentieth century. This study contributes to Indonesian Islamic historiography by highlighting Syekh Hasan Maksum's intellectual legacy and enduring role in advancing Islamic education.