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Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kasus Leptospirosis di Kota Yogyakarta Tahun 2011 Iwan Himawan; Sarjito Eko Windarso; Muryoto Muryoto
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Leptospirosis is a zoonosis disease which is suspectedly the most widely spread in the world, in-cluded Indonesia. In 2011, the number of leptospirosis case in Yogyakarta City was multi-folded compared with the previous years. The study was aimed to understand the factors correlated with the disease incidence in that city in 2011 by conducting an observational study with case control design. The number of sample both in case and control groups were 30. Cases were patients who are diagnosed with leptospirosis and recorded in case report of leptospirosis in the city’s health department in 2011. Meanwhile controls were a neighbor of patients who did not suffer the typical symptoms of leptospirosis. Data were obtained through interview and ob-servation. Data analysis was carried out in stages included univariate, bivariate and multivariate tests. The bivariate analysis showed that the following factors were correlated with leptospirosis: risky occupations (OR=6.000; 95 % CI=1.172-30.725, p=0.045), contact history with mice (OR= 5.231; 95 % CI=1.675-16.515, p=0.008), having history of wounds (OR=5,675; 95 % CI=1,841-17,494; p=0,004) and behavior of wearing personal protective equipment (OR=5,444; 95 % CI=1,804-16,427; p=0,005); The subsequent logistic regression test showed that only having his-tory of wounds and behavior of wearing personal protective equipment were significantly cor-related with leprospirosis. Overall, people with both conditions have probablity of getting the disease as much as 88,77 %.

Kemampuan Predasi Ikan Sepat (Trichogaster trichopterus) dalam Memangsa Larva Anopheles sp Asmiani Asmiani; Sarjito Eko Windarso; Siti Hani Istiqomah
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 3 (2013): Februari
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Malaria is still one of public health problems because it can lead to fatality, particularly among high risk groups, including infants, under five children and pregnant mothers. The utilization of larvae-eating fish for controlling mosquito larvae as biological method is highly recommended because it is safe and environmentally friendly. The objective of this study was to understand the predation capacity of sepat fish (Trichogaster trichopterus) on Anopheles sp larvae in the labo-ratory setting by conducting a true experiment of factorial with randomized groups design. There were six interventions as a result of the combination of three fish lengths (i.e. 4, 7 and 10 cm) and two water heights in aquarium (i.e. 10 and 100 cm). In each aquarium there were 10 larvaes and one healthy but three-day hungry fish, and for each intervention there was five replications. The number of larvae eaten by the fish was observed after 15 minutes. Result of the statistical test of one way anova multivariate test showed that predation capacities of sepat fish at various water levels and fish sizes were significantly different. Fish at 4 cm length in 10 cm water height had the highest predation capacity (mean: 9,2; SD: 1,09) compared with the other interventions. It is suggested that for further studies it is necessary to consider different research design as well as the other factors such as the size of larva instar, water type, and intervention time.

Penggunaan Etanol Hasil Pengolahan Sampah Pasar Buah Sebagai Antiseptik untuk Menurunkan Angka Kuman Usap Tangan Sarjito Eko Windarso; Sigid Sudaryanto
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2013): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Decayed and rotten fruits still contain amylum (carbohydrate) and glucose (sugar) which can be converted into ethanol by fermentation process which is followed by distillation. The ethanol furthermore can be used as antiseptic and ingredient for hand washing and hand cleansing. To know the ability of the ethanol in reducing hand swab microbe number, an experiment which was employing post-test only with control group design was conducted and comparing two ethanol concentrations. The fruit waste processed in this study were obtained from the main fruit market in Gamping, Sleman, while the examination of amylum and glucose concentration, as well as the examination of hand microbe number, were conducted in the health laboratory office of Yogya-karta Province. Descriptively, the hand microbe number yielded from both ethanol concentrations were lower than that from control group which were not washed and cleansed. The microbe number from the hands which were washed by 90 % and 100 % ethanol were 44,90 % and 79,68 % lower in average, compared with those in the control group. However, the mann-whitney non-parametric statistical test showed that only the microbe numbers between control group and the 100 % ethanol concentration group which was significantly different (p value=0,040).

Penggunaan Mat Serbuk Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) dan Mat Serbuk Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius) Sebagai Repellent Nyamuk Aedes sp. Ninda Ika Widanty; Lucky Herawati; Sarjito Eko Windarso
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2014): Agustus
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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The controlling of Aedes sp. mosquitoes with anti-mosquitoes which containing synthetic insecti-cide continuously gives bad impact to human’s health, causes mosquitoes resistance as well as pollutes the environment. One safe and eco-friendly alternative solution to control Aedes sp. is by using basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum) and fragrant pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius) which contain natural insecticide as anti-mosquitoes electrical device. The aim of this study was to know the influence of the leaves as repellent for the mosquitoes by conducting and experi-ment with post test only with control group design. The study sample were 600 Aedes adult mos-quitoes bred from the eggs obtained from BBTKL PPM Yogyakarta for 10 repetition. The results of the study showed that 4 gram weighted mat made from basil leaves and 3,5 gram weighted mat made from fragrant pandan leaves, were able to repel 37,0 % and 63,5 % the mosquito, res-pectively. The result of one way anova test yielded p value less than 0,001; which can be inter-preted that the repellent ability between the two mats are statistically different, and those which made from fragrant pandan leaves gave best outcomes. Likewise, majority of the respondents (76,7 %) who were selected and appointed, also preferred the fragrant pandan leaves electric mat.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Variasi Berat Mat Serbuk Bunga Kenanga (Cananga odorata) Sebagai Isi Ulang Anti Nyamuk Elektrik Terhadap Jumlah Kematian Nyamuk Aedes sp. Kabul Budi Dwicahyo; Sarjito Eko Windarso; Indah Werdiningsih
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Controlling Aedes sp. mosquitoes using anti-mosquitoes containing synthetic insecticide, con-tinuously, is harmful for humans’ health, causing mosquitoes resistance and may lead to envi-ronmental pollution. One of the safe and eco-friendly controlling method that can be used as an alternative solution is the using of ylang-ylang flower (Cananga odorata) powder which contains phyto-insecticide as anti-mosquitoes electrical device refill. The aim of this research was to know the effect of using three mat weight variations made from the flower powder on the morta-lity of adult Aedes sp., by conducting an experiment with post test only with control group de-sign. The total of mosquito sample used were 480 and were taken from those hatched from the eggs obtained from the BBTKL PPM of Yogyakarta. They were prepared for six repetitions of the treatment. The results showed that mats with Cananga odorata weight of 2,4 gram, 3,7 gram and 5,0 gram, was able to killed 63,33 %, 74,17 % and 88,33 % Aedes sp mosquito, consecutively. The result of subsequent one way anova test at 95 % degree of confidence, gained p values less than 0,001, which can be interpreted that the mat weight variation sig-nificantly affected the difference among the Aedes sp. mosquitoes’ mortality, and the most ef-fective weight of ylang-ylang powder was 5,0 gram.

Peran-Serta Pemilik Industri Terhadap Perilaku Pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri Pada Pekerja Pahat Batu di Tamanagung Muntilan Nurul Asna; Lucky Herawati; Sarjito Eko Windarso
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 4 (2016): Mei
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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The working environment of stone carving workers in Tamanagung Village of Muntilan has potential hazards that may lead to health problems. Those potential hazards can be preventedthrough proper and routine use of personal protective equipments (PPE). However, in practice,most of the workers are not accustomed to use the PPE. Therefore, the role of the owners toremind and to admonish the workers needs to be realized. This research was aimed to provethat the participation of industry owners can improve knowledge, attitude and practice of PPEamong the carving stone workers. The research design was a quasi experiment with non-randomized pre-test post-test with control group. As the study subjects were workers of nine industries, i.e. 31 workers from four industries were assigned to experiment group and 32 workers from five industries were assigned to control group. The obtained study results show thatthe average value of knowledge, attitude and practice in the experiment group increased, respectively at 9.48; 3.42; and 3.54; meanwhile in the control group, they were at 2.69; 1.44; and2.22; respectively. Non-parametric analysis with Mann Whitney test at 95 % level of significancy found that the improvement differences between the experiment and the control groups forknowledge and attitude of PPE use were significant (p-value < 0.05), and not significant (pvalue = 0,083) for PPE use practice. Based on the results, it can be concluded that participationof industry owners influences the knowledge and attitude of PPE use among their stone carvingworkers.

Engklek dan Monopoli sebagai Media untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Pengendalian Vektor DBD pada Siswa SD Negeri Karangjati, Bantul Viska Herawati; Heru Subaris Kasjono; Sarjito Eko Windarso
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2018): Agustus
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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The effort to increase public health level can be obtained with clean and healthy live behaviors.Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is arisen from lack of knowledge and awareness about environmental health. Many ways can be done to improve controlling behavior of DHF vectors. Forelementary school children, one of them is by playing games. The purpose of this study was toknow the effectiveness of hopscotch and monopoly games as the information media to improvethe control behavior of DHF vectors among elementary school students, by conducting a quasiexperiment with non-equivalent control group design. The study was carried out on May 2018.The study subject was 45 third grade students of the State Elementary School in Karangjati,Bantul. The data was analyzed to test the score differences between pre-test and post test. Paired t-test was used for normally distributed data and Wilcoxon test for the not-normal ones. Theanalysis for testing the mean differences among study groups was one way Anova for normallydistributed data and Kruskal Wallis test for the not-normal ones. All statistic tests were at 95 %significance level. The results shows significant difference between pre-test and post test ofknowledge and attitude measurement of the hopscotch and monopoly groups (p<0,05); and alsosignificant difference between pre-test and post-test of practice of all treatments (p<0,05). Toconclude, the games are only effective to improve knowledge about controlling DHF vectors, andhopscotch game is the most effective media.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Mat dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Biji Pala (Myristicafragans) Terhadap Kematian Nyamuk Aedes sp Andriyani Setyaningrum; Yamtana Yamtana; Sarjito Eko Windarso
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 4 (2017): Mei
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Aedes sp is the transmitting vector for Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF). One of the mosquitocontrolling measure is by using insecticides with electric mat. One of bological insecticides whichcan be used is nutmeg or Myristicafragans. The extract of the kernels contains tanine and saponine. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of concentration variation of nutmegkernel extract as additional substance for used electric mat against the mortality of Aedes sp.The study was a quasi experiment with post test only control group design. The collected datawere analysed by using one way anova at 95 % significance level, to determine the effect of theconcentration variation (15 %, 20 %, and 25 %) on the death of Aedes sp. LSD test was thenperformed to determine the most effective concentration. The results showed that the three concentrations of nutmeg extract influence the death of Aedes sp (p-value < 0,001), and the mosteffective concentration was 25 % with 95 % mosquito mortality.

Pengaruh Penambahan Minyak Selasih (Ocimum basilicum) sebagai Atraktan Pada Kertas Perekat Lalat Terhadap Jumlah Lalat yang Tertangkap Dwi Afria Tuti; Sarjito Eko Windarso; Siti Hani Istiqomah
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2012): Agustus
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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The existence of flies in traditional markets may support the spreading of diseases which are caused by this vector insect. One of the controlling methods is to add selasih ((Ocimum basilicum) oil onto fly adhesive paper. This method is environmentally friendly and specifically only affect the flies target. The study was aimed to understand the influence of the selasih oil towards the number of trapped flies at Telagareja Market of Gamping, by conducting an experiment with post-test only with control group design. The number of trapped flies were analysed statistically by one way anova test. The results showed that the addition of selasih oil as sex attractant in 0,4 ml, 0,5 ml and 0,6 ml could collect flies in average of 20, 30 and 38 respectively. Meanwhile, in the control group, i.e. the common red plastic fly adhesive straw only able to attract 9 flies in average.

Pengaruh Variasi Berat Saccharomyces cereviceae dan Waktu Fermentasi Kulit Nangka Terhadap Kadar Bioetanol yang Dihasilkan rizqi Karina Utami; Sri Puji Ganefati; Sarjito Eko Windarso
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 4 (2015): Mei
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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To suffice the demand of energy consumption, alternative fuels is needed to be developed, suchas bioethanol. Bioethanol is chemical solution which is produced from various plants, fruits, or any part of plant which contain starch, glucose and cellulose. Jackfruit rind has 14,752 % glucose, where from the preliminary test, with Saccharomyces cereviceae addition, the fruit waste could be fermented for producing bioethanol. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of various weights of Saccharomyces cereviceae (i.e. 0%, 25%, 50% dan 75%) and variation fermentation durations (i.e. 4,5 days, 7,5 days, and 10,5 days) of jackfruit rind toward the concentration of the yielded bioethanol by conducting a post test with control group designed experiment. The maximum concentration of bioethanol obtained was 5,63731 % which was produced by using 50% of Saccharomyces cereviceae and from 7,5 days fermentation. The statistical analysis test using one way anova test at 95% level of confidence, concludes that the differences among the ethanol concentrations produced by those various Saccharomyces cereviceae weight and fermentation time are significant.

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