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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Innofarm Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Jurnal Kridatama Sains dan Teknologi ZIRAA'AH MAJALAH ILMIAH PERTANIAN Agrica: Journal of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan) Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Putri Diana
Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Species composition and abundance of weeds in tomato fields with nematicidal potential against Meloidogyne incognita MUH. ADIWENA; ADITYA MURTILAKSONO; ANKARDIANSYAH PANDU PRADANA; AISYAH RIZKY PARAMESWARI; DIANA PUTRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 11 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261145

Abstract

Abstract. Adiwena M, Murtilaksono A, Pradana AP, Parameswari AR, Putri D. 2025. Species composition and abundance of weeds in tomato fields with nematicidal potential against Meloidogyne incognita. Biodiversitas 26: 5891-5905. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) cause major crop losses worldwide, yet sustainable management options remain limited. This study assessed weed community structure in tomato fields and tested the nematicidal activity of dominant species. Quadrat sampling (1×1 m) recorded seven species from six families, with moderate diversity (Shannon-Wiener H?: 1.125), low evenness (E: 0.578), and high dominance (Simpson’s D: 0.470). Alternanthera philoxeroides was ecologically dominant (IVI: 72.0%; RD: 62.5%), while Eleusine indica and Cyperus rotundus were most frequent (RF: 23.8%). Aqueous root extracts (20% w/v) were tested in vitro, and proportion data were arcsine square-roots transformed and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD test (?: 0.05). A. philoxeroides achieved the strongest egg-hatch inhibition (98.2±0.45% unhatched eggs at 168 h vs. 69.6±3.58% in control), while Cleome rutidosperma induced the highest J2 mortality (21.8±6.14%). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed 12 constituents in A. philoxeroides and 18 in C. rutidosperma. Key compounds included methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, and methyl linoleate in A. philoxeroides; and lauric acid, methyl palmitate, and 9,12-octadecadien-1-ol in C. rutidosperma. These phytochemicals are consistent with the observed suppression of egg hatching and juvenile survival. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Indonesia to explicitly link weed community diversity with in vitro nematicidal activity against M. incognita in tomato fields. By integrating ecological survey and bioassay data, this work demonstrates that naturally occurring weeds can serve both as indicators of agroecosystem health and as practical, locally available sources of botanical nematicides. The findings emphasize two major contributions: first, to nematode management through eco-friendly suppression of root-knot nematodes; and second, to biodiversity conservation by recognizing weeds as functional components of sustainable agroecosystems.
INSIDENSI DAN INTENSITAS BEBERAPA PENYAKIT UTAMA TANAMAN GAMBIR DI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA Diana Putri; Arifda Ayu Swastini Waruwu; Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana
Innofarm : Jurnal Inovasi Petanian Vol 27 No 2 (2025): JURNAL INNOFARM : Jurnal Inovasi Petanian
Publisher : FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SLAMET RIYADI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33061/innofarm.v27i2.12785

Abstract

Gambir is one of Indonesia’s superior commodities in the international market. However, problems that causes a decrease in the quality and productivity of gambir plants is disease attacks. The percentage and intensity of disease attacks on gambir plants in Lima Puluh Kota Regency have never been reported. This studi aimed termine the level of attack occurrence and intensity of diseases that attack gambir plants as basic information related to plant health status in an effort to manage diseases effectively. The study was conducted in three gambir land locations, using a survey method with Simple Random Sampling. Direct observation includes symptoms of attack, percentage and intensity of disease. The results of observations on land 1 and 2 found five main diseases namely red rust, brown spots, black spots, black mosaic and chlorosis, while on land 3 brown spot disease, dieback and black mosaic were found. The highest incidence of disease on land 1 was red rust which reached 100%, on land 2 red rust and brown spots were 100%, and on land 3 brown spot disease was 96%. The highest intensity of disease attack was red rust reaching 82% which was included in the category of very severe attacks. The high incidence and intensity of attacks of this disease are influenced by the age of the plants and the cultivation techniques used by gambir farmers, such as the lack of weed and disease control and fertilization. Keywords: Cultivation, disease intensity, gambir, red rust
Co-Authors Abdul Munif ABDUL MUNIF ADITYA MURTILAKSONO Ahmed Ibrahim Alrashid Yousif AISYAH RIZKY PARAMESWARI ANKARDIANSYAH PANDU PRADANA Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Ankardiansyah Pandu Pradana Arifda Ayu Swastini Waruwu Deril Indana Damayanti IIS NUR ASYIAH MOHAMMAD HOESAIN MUH ADIWENA Muh Adiwena MUH. ADIWENA Nasrez Akhir RACHMI MASNILAH RIFANI RUSIANA DEWI Siska Efendi Sri Heriza Waruwu, Arifda Ayu Swastini YELVI ANGELINA Zahlul Ikhsan