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Hybrid Methods Random Forest and FOX-Inspired Optimization Algorithm for Selecting Features in Cervical Cancer Data Masbakhah, Afidatul; Sa'adah, Umu; Muslikh, Mohamad
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 9, No 2 (2024): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/ca.v9i2.29582

Abstract

Cervical cancer is one of the number four causes of death among women worldwide, with about 604,000 new cases and 324,000 deaths each year. Human Papillomavirus infection is one of the main factors in almost 99% of cervical cancer cases. In addition to HPV, other risk factors such as smoking, long-term use of oral contraceptives, and weak immunity also play an important role. Along with the development of technology and in an effort to detect cervical cancer early, machine learning algorithms have been widely used to analyze the risk of cervical cancer, one of which is Random Forest (RF). One of the main challenges in early detection of cervical cancer is the large amount of irrelevant and redundant data, which can reduce the accuracy of predictions, making feature selection imperative. SI is able to combine new algorithms to improve performance in feature selection. One of the SI-based optimization algorithms is the FOX-Inspired Optimization Algorithm. The results of research that has been carried out using the RF-FOX hybrid method, the Num of pregnancies feature has proven to be the most influential factor in detecting the risk of cervical cancer in patients. In addition, other features such as First sexual intercourse, Number of sexual partners, age, and Hormonal Contraceptives also occupy the top five most influential features. Therefore, the hybrid RF-FOX method allows the performance of the model to be more optimized, thus helping in the identification of patients at risk of cervical cancer more precisely.
Compare Bede-Gal Between dH Differentiability of Set Valued Functions Wicaksono, Wildan Bagus; Muslikh, Mohamad
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 1 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i1.38181

Abstract

This paper presents a comparative study between the Bede--Gal differentiability and the dH-differentiability for set-valued functions whose values belong to the family of nonempty compact convex subsets of $\mathbb{R}^n$. The Bede--Gal derivative, originally introduced for fuzzy and interval-valued functions, is redefined for the set-valued framework and analyzed through its metric properties. Meanwhile, the dH-derivative is formulated in terms of the Pompeiu-Hausdorff metric, allowing differentiability without requiring the existence of the Hukuhara or generalized Hukuhara difference. We establish several results clarifying the relationship between these two concepts, including sufficient conditions under which a function that is Bede-Gal differentiable is also dH-differentiable, and conversely. Illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate cases where one type of differentiability exists while the other fails. The comparison emphasizes that dH-differentiability provides a broader and more flexible framework, extending the applicability of the differential calculus in set-valued analysis.
A Review of Pompeiu-Hausdorff Metric Differentiability and Its Relation to Generalized Hukuhara Differentiability Putra, William Surya; Muslikh, Mohamad
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 1 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i1.37820

Abstract

The Pompeiu-Hausdorff distance/Pompeiu-Hausdorff metric is a concept in analysis that measures the distance between two subsets of a metric space, one of its important applications being the Hausdorff metric differentiability of set-valued functions . This article reviews the definition and properties of Pompeiu-Hausdorff distance differentiability on the space of compact and convex subsets of the Euclidean space with dimension n. We also present concepts about the generalized Hukuhara difference and its differentiability. By studying both topics, we discuss the established relationship between Pompeiu-Hausdorff metric differentiability and generalized Hukuhara differentiability