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All Journal Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Scientific Dental Journal Makara Journal of Health Research Sriwijaya Journal of Dentistry Odonto dental journal
Erik Idrus
Department Of Oral Biology, Faculty Of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Measurement of Tooth Brushing Frequency, Time of Day and Duration of Adults and Children in Jakarta, Indonesia Rahardjo, Anton; Maharani, Diah A.; Kiswanjaya, Bramma; Idrus, Erik; Nicholson, Julie; Cunningham, Paul J.; Schäfer, Fred
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Epidemiological study of tooth brushing is essential to evaluate dental health of a country. Objective: To obtain data on tooth brushing frequency, time of day and duration from adults and children in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: Toothbrushes containing data loggers were distributed to 120 random families in Jakarta to record how many times a day, when and for how long subjects brushed their teeth. The families were each composed of a mother, father and two children aged between 6 and 15 years. Results: The mean brushing frequency of the population was 1.27 times per day. The majority of the tooth brushing (46%) was performed in the morning. The mean tooth brushing duration of this population was 57.29 seconds. The mothers’ tooth brushing frequencies tended to be higher than that of the other family members, and the fathers tended to brush their teeth longer. Conclusion: Effective education aimed at increasing both the duration and frequency of tooth brushing from once to twice per day is urgently required in Indonesia.
Strawberry Extract’s Effects on Enterococcus faecalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis Biofilms in vitro Armelia Sari Widyarman; Stephanie Brigitta Widjaja; Erik Idrus
Scientific Dental Journal Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): September
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26912/sdj.v1i1.1911

Abstract

Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) are oral bacteria related to root canal infection and periodontal disease pathogenesis. Strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa) fruit are rich in vitamins and minerals, have antibacterial and antioxidant effects. Objective: This study investigated the inhibition effect of strawberry extract on monospecies and multispecies E. faecalis and P. gingivalis bacteria grown as biofilms in vitro. Methods: This study used E. faecalis ATCC 29212 and P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. It analyzed the effect of strawberry extract on bacteria biofilm formation using a biofilm assay on microplate wells. Five concentrations of strawberry extracts were used (100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, and 6.25%), and the inhibition effect was observed after a 1h, 3h, 6h, and 24h incubation period. Biofilms without the strawberry extract were used as the negative controls, and crystal violet and safranin (0.5%w/v) were used to count the biofilm mass. The biofilms grown on microplates were counted using an ELISA reader at 450 nm after 200 mL of 90% ethanol was added to attract the absorbed stain. The strawberry extract inhibition effectiveness on the biofilm formation of each bacterium tested was analyzed using one-way Anova, where p<0.05 was defined as a significant difference. Result: The strawberry extract inhibited the tested monospecies and multispecies bacteria biofilm formation. The optimal strawberry extract concentration for the inhibition of either monospecies biofilms was 100%. However, the optimal incubation time for the strawberry extract to inhibit the multispecies biofilm formation was 24h, which was the study’s biofilm maturity phase. Conclusions: The 100% strawberry extract concentration inhibited the formation of both the monospecies and multispecies E. faecalis and P. gingivalis biofilms. Future studies are needed to evaluate the potential of strawberry extract as an alternative dental therapy.
An experimental model of chemically-induced ulceration of the buccal mucosa of Mus musculus Idrus, Erik; Hartanti, Pratiwi Dwi; Suniarti, Dewi Fatma; Prasetyo, Sri Redjeki; Wimardhani, Yuniardini Septorini; Subarnbhesaj, Ajiravudh
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 23, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Ulceration caused by chemical agents used in dental practice for in-office or home-used is a common event, resulting in discomfort and pain. Treatments for such conditions are still being developed, requiring extensive experiments both in vitro and in vivo studies. At present, a standardized experimental mouse model for mucosal ulceration caused by a chemical inducer to study the pathogenesis of ulceration and to develop medications for treatment of ulceration is still not available. The aim of this study was to create a chemically induced model of ulceration of the buccal mucosa of mice. Methods: An in vivo study model of ulceration using a total of 9 mice (Swiss Webster) was performed. All mice received 70% acetic acid application on the left buccal mucosa, while the right buccal mucosa received only saline. Clinical and histological observations of ulcer formation and healing were performed, including the presence of redness and swelling, ulcer diameter, bodyweight as well as epithelial disintegration, dilation of blood vessels, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Results: Buccal mucosa application of 70% acetic acid generated ulcers on day 2, reached its peak on day 3 and recovered by day 14. The histological features of inflammation were also seen in the ulcer model, and the degree of inflammation was consistent with the day of ulcers. Conclusion: Chemical trauma by the administration of 70% acetic acid effectively induce ulceration on buccal mucosa in mice, and this method can be considered as a novel, reproducible, and clinically relevant model to study pathogenesis and therapeutic approach for treating oral mucosal ulceration.
Mechanism Underlying the Alveolar Bone Destruction by Prevotella intermedia: Systematic Review Erik Idrus; Sammy Fajar Nugraha; Sri Angky Soekanto
Sriwijaya Journal of Dentistry Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Sriwijaya Journal of Dentistry
Publisher : Dentistry Study Program, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya 

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/sjd.v4i1.40

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disorder caused by oral microorganisms, including Prevotella intermedia, that destroy the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The detailed mechanism of P. intermedia-inducing bone damage is essential to establish a novel approach to controlling P. intermedia that prevents alveolar bone loss. Purpose: To elucidate the mechanism of P. intermedia's role in alveolar bone destruction by systematically reviewing various related publications. Methods: From September 2020 through February 2021, this systematic review was performed by selecting publications for relevant material from two electronic databases, PubMed and Scopus. The literature must be in English, published within the last ten years, be available in full-text form, and be a research article to meet the criteria for inclusion. Results: Three final articles passed the eligibility evaluation stage and met the inclusion requirements. They all discussed how P. intermedia lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects target cells to destroy bone, including human dental follicle stem cells (hDFSCs), human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLs), and macrophages. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are a few of the inflammatory mediators that LPS P. intermedia cause a rise in target cells, leading to bone damage. These inflammatory mediators stimulate nuclear factor-kappa ligand receptor (RANKL) expression, resulting in osteoclast activation and differentiation, leading to bone loss. Conclusion: P. intermedia significantly contributes to alveolar bone degradation by enhancing inflammatory mediators. As observed in periodontitis, these mediators stimulate RANKL expression and osteoclast activation, resulting in alveolar bone damage.
The role of Treponema denticola in the periodontitis alveolar bone damage: Systematic review Erik Idrus; Willy Hartanto; Widya Lestari; Dewi Fatma Suniarti
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 10, No 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.10.2.314-325

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation condition of the periodontal tissue, which causes irreversible, progressive deterioration of the tooth-supporting tissue, leading to tooth loss. One of the main bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontitis is Treponema denticola. Its involvement in periodontitis includes producing and releasing various virulence factors that further modulate inflammation and ignite alveolar bone destruction. Objective: To examine Treponema denticola's role in the mechanism of alveolar bone damage in periodontitis. Method: This systematic review was conducted from August 2021 until April 2022. Qualified literature is evaluated based on inclusion criteria, including published in English within the last ten years and research articles available in full text. The inclusion literature’s determination was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis). Result: Six journals fit the inclusion criteria and discuss Treponema denticola involvement in alveolar bone destruction via several mechanisms, including periplasmic flagella as its virulence factor. Treponema denticola can inhibit osteogenic cell differentiation and induce the production TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, which are the proinflammatory cytokines involved in osteoclastogenesis. The induction mechanism of these various cytokines can ultimately increase osteoclast differentiation by increasing RANKL expression and decreasing OPG expression. Conclusion: Treponema denticola is involved in alveolar bone destruction by inhibiting bone formation and inducing an inflammatory response in immune cells that can increase osteoclast differentiation, as observed in alveolar bone destruction.
Analysis of Bone Destruction Mechanism by Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans: A Systematic Review Idrus, Erik; Ardiman, Karenina Raihani Amalia; Lestari, Widya; Mandasari, Masita; Soekanto, Sri Angky
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Periodontitis is a disease marked by inflammation of the periodontium, caused by biofilms present in the oral cavity, and results in alveolar bone destruction. One of the main hallmarks of periodontitis is the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetecomitans, which is generally suppressed by antibiotic administration. The strategy to control A. actinomycetecomitans by small specific peptide inhibitors potentially halts the progression of alveolar bone damage while lowering the risk of antibiotic resistance. The detailed interaction mechanisms of A. actinomycetecomitans and bone cells are fundamental to discovering and constructing the specific inhibitor. Objective : To systematically review the mechanism of bone destruction by A. actinomycetecomitans based on its interaction with bone cells and its precursors. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in two database (Scopus, PubMed) from September 2021 to June 2022, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for SystematicvReviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The terms used in the search were ”Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans” OR “A. actinomycetemcomitans” AN” bone”OR “bone loss” OR “bone destruction” OR “bone resorption” OR “bone formation” OR “bone remodelling” OR “osteclast” OR “osteoblast” OR “osteocyte”. Only articles in English and research articles published within ten years were included. Results: In total, nine articles discussing alveolar bone destruction were included in the review. Most articles reported the virulence of A. actinomycetecomitans, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and its target cells, osteoclast progenitors, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. Conclusion: A. actinomycetecomitans induces alveolar bone destruction via various mechanisms, including osteoblast apoptosis, lowering osteoblast differentiation, increasing osteoclast activity and differentiation, and releasing inflammatory cytokines. The detailed interaction mechanisms between A. actinomycetecomitans and bone cells would provide valuable hints for further investigation toward constructing specific inhibitors to disrupt the interaction between A. actinomycetecomitans and bone cells that eventually protect the alveolar bone destruction.
Vitamin administration on orthodontic tooth movement animal model: A systematic review Lubis, Hilda Fitria; Idrus, Erik; Suniarti, Dewi Fatma; Amir, Lisa Rinanda; Bachtiar, Endang Winiati; Lestari, Widya
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p207-218

Abstract

Background: Duration is a very important aspect of orthodontic treatment and is still challenging for orthodontists. Numerous studies investigating the effects of biological substances, including dietary supplements, on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) rate indicate positive results. Efforts to improve the OTM rate can be classified into four main categories: biological, biomechanical, physical, and surgical. Numerous animal studies have evaluated the impact of biological substances on the rate of OTM, yielding positive outcomes compared to those not given biological substances. Purpose: This systematic review investigated the impact of dietary supplement delivery both locally and systemically on the rate of OTM. Methods: Nine databases were searched until January 31, 2023, for animal studies evaluating the effect of supplement administration on OTM. The Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation’s (SYRCLE) risk of bias tools were employed. This review’s reporting adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Sixteen studies were identified for inclusion. Local injections of vitamin D exhibited variable effects. Vitamin C and zinc, as well as vitamin A, showed insignificant effects based on the OTM rate. Vitamin E showed conflicting results. Combined prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and calcium can increase the OTM. Effects of systemic administrations of omega-3 fatty acids can decrease the OTM in vivo. Conclusion: The pace of tooth movement in animals may vary depending on the local or systemic administration of vitamins, as applied to OTM animal models.
Co-Authors Amir, Lisa Rinanda Anton Rahardjo Ardiman, Karenina Raihani Amalia Bramma Kiswanjaya Cunningham, Paul J. Dewi Fatma Suniarti Endang Winiati Bachtiar Hartanti, Pratiwi Dwi Hery Widijanto Julie Nicholson LESTARI, WIDYA Lubis, Hilda Fitria Maharani, Diah A. Mandasari, Masita Prasetyo, Sri Redjeki Sammy Fajar Nugraha Schäfer, Fred Sri Angky Soekanto Sri Angky Soekanto Stephanie Brigitta Widjaja Subarnbhesaj, Ajiravudh Widya Lestari Widyarman, Armelia Sari Willy Hartanto Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani