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All Journal Dentika Dental Journal Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science Journal of Indonesian Dental Association Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Journal of Health and Dental Sciences Makara Journal of Health Research Cakradonya Dental Journal

Anton Rahardjo

Department Of Preventive And Public Health Dentistry, Faculty Of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia

Author-ID : 229927

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT BALITA MELALUI PENDEKATAN TAILORED MESSAGE: PROMOTING OF ORAL HEALTH IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE USING TAILORED MESSAGE APPROACH Risqa Rina Darwita; Diah Ayu Maharani; Anton Rahardjo; Inka Saraswati; Peter Andreas
Dentika: Dental Journal Vol. 17 No. 2 (2012): Dentika Dental Journal
Publisher : TALENTA

Penilaian risiko kesehatan (HRA) sering digunakan sebagai contoh di dalam alat pendidikan kesehatan untuk merubahperilaku seseorang, seperti menjelaskan tentang plak sebagai penyebab penyakit karies gigi, kemudian tentang caramenghilangkan plak dengan menyikat gigi secara tepat dan teratur yang diberikan oleh kader kesehatan di Posyandukepada ibu pengunjung Posyandu. Tujuan penelitian mengevaluasi efektifitas tailored message KMGS dalam upayameningkatkan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak balita. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian potong lintang. Jumlah respondenyang menandatangani inform consent adalah 54 pasangan ibu dan anak balita, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan gigilengkap, TOT kepada kader Posyandu khususnya cara mengisi KMGS yang digunakan mengukur risiko ECC. Kegiatandilakukan selama 3 bulan, responden dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu 23 pasang kelompok kontrol dan kelompokintervensi 31 pasang ibu dan anak, di Kelurahan Tugu Depok. Evaluasi kebersihan gigi dan mulut, terdiri atas skor plakdan skor kematangan plak, dan perilaku ibu pada bulan kedua dan ketiga setelah promosi kesehatan gigi. Seluruh datadianalisis statistik dengan uji Anova dan korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian setelah 3 bulan di intervensi, terlihat skorkematangan plak 0 meningkat secara signifikan (p<0,05), dan peningkatan pada skor perilaku ibu dengan nilai > 51terhadap kesehatan gigi (p<0,05), disamping itu ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kebersihan gigi anak denganperubahan perilaku ibu dengan nilai Pearson’s r 0,337 (p<0,05). Sebagai kesimpulan, program promosi kesehatan gigidan mulut di Posyandu oleh kader menggunakan tailored message dalam bentuk KMGS efektif meningkatkan perilakudalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut, yang berdampak menurunkan faktor risiko ECC pada anak balita.

EFFICACY OF A TOOTHPASTE ON THE CONTROL OF PLAQUE AND GINGIVITIS: EFIKASI PASTA GIGI DALAM MENCEGAH AKUMULASI PLAK DAN GINGIVITIS Anton Rahardjo; Diah Ayu Maharani; Melissa Adiatman; Ary Agustanti; Dini Ghaliyah; Armasastra
Dentika: Dental Journal Vol. 18 No. 1 (2014): Dentika Dental Journal
Publisher : TALENTA

Brushing teeth with suitable toothpaste is the most effective way to remove plaque and prevent accumulation ofplaque to prevent gingivitis. This research aims to examine the effectivity of toothpaste contained DipotassiumGlycyrrhizinate 0.05% and IPMP 0.05% as active ingredients toward gingival health. Double-blind randomizedparallel group clinical trial was conducted. The amount of samples were 30 persons randomly assigned to usedtested toothpaste, and 30 other persons use placebo. Measurement of Salivary Occult Blood Test (SOBT),Bleeding on Probing (BOP) and Gingival Index (GP) were performed before and after 3 months of toothpasteuse. The results showed that after 3 months there were significant decrease (p< 0.05) in all values of SOBT (26into 8), BOP (15.2 into 3.4), GI (0.5 into 0.1). In conclusion, the tested toothpaste provided protection againstgingivitis (gum protection) 2 times better and a significant difference compared to placebo toothpaste

RETENSI FLUOR DI DALAM SALIVA SETELAH PROGRAM SIKAT GIGI BERSAMA PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR: (FLUORIDE RETENTION IN SALIVA AFTER TOOTH BRUSHING CAMPAIGN IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN) Risqa Rina Darwita; Armasastra Bahar; Anton Rahardjo
Dentika: Dental Journal Vol. 15 No. 2 (2010): Dentika Dental Journal
Publisher : TALENTA

This study was an experimental laboratory. The aim of study was to know the site-specific retention rate and possibility of fluoride retention in saliva after tooth brushing program in primary school children. The subjects were 7 students aged 6-7 year-old, who were in the first and second year class, and had free caries. They were intervented with tooth brushing campaign with sodium monofluorophosphat paste. Subsequently they received 3 time treatments, 1); brushing teeth by following rinsing as usual as they did, 2); brushing teeth by following single rinsing, and 3) brushing teeth without rinsing. The difference of fluoride retention in saliva was analyzed with Kruskal Wallis and post-hoc Mann Whitney. The results showed that the mean concentration of fluoride retention in saliva after 10 minutes tooth-brushing with single rinsing was higher than that of concentration fluoride retention in saliva as usual (p<0.05), while the concentration of fluoride retention increased significantly from 0.282 to 0.386 ppm (p<0.05) after 10 minutes tooth brushing with single rinsing. Unfortunately, there was no significant difference between tooth brushing with single rinsing and tooth brushing without rinsing. As conclusion, the highest concentration of fluoride retention in saliva was after tooth brushing followed with single rinsing could be recommended for dental prevention program through school health service programs in primary school children.

Dental and Gingival Status of 5 and 12-Year-Old Children in Jakarta and Its Satellite Cities Adiatman, Melissa; Yuvana, Afida Luthfi; Nasia, Avina Anin; Rahardjo, Anton; Maharani, Diah Ayu; Zhang, Shinan
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 23, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia which is surrounded by its satellite cities Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi. Nonetheless, scarce information are available of the current oral health of children. Objective: The study aims to describe caries and gingival status among 5 and 12 years old children in Jabodetabek. Jabodetabek is an abbreviation of Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, and the satellite cities in its surrounding (Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi). Methods: The survey was done in 2014 and had already got ethical approval. Design of this study was crosssectional. Subjects were 5-year-old and 12-year-old Indonesian children living in Jabodetabek, selected using cluster sampling method. One trained examiner performed the clinical examination. Caries experience was measured using DMFT index, severity of decayed teeth was assessed using PUFA index, gingival status and oral hygiene were measured by Loe and Sillness modified index. Results: A total of 390 5-year-old and 458 12-year-old children with balanced proportion between girls and boys participated in the survey. The prevalence of caries experience among the 5-yearold children and 12-year-old children were 90% and 84% respectively. The mean DMFT and DT scores among the 5-year-old children and 12-year-old children were 7.5±5.5 and 6.8±4.8; 3.2±2.2 and 2.9±2.1 respectively. Pulp involvement were apparent in 45% and 23% of caries in 5 and 12-year-old children respectively. Most children, 45% 5-year-old children and 92% 12-year-old children had substantial amount of plaque. Moreover, 68% 12-year-old children had gingivitis. Conclusion: Dental caries were prevalent among 5 and 12-year-old Indonesian children in Jakarta and its satellite cities. The oral health condition of most of the children were poor

An Indonesian Version of Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF19): Assessing Validity and Reliability Nuraini, Siti L.; Rahardjo, Anton; Maharani, Diah Ayu
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 28, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Previous surveys have indicated that the majority of Indonesian children have poor oral health. However, scant information is available on children’s oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). The purpose of this study was to assess reliability as well as discriminant and convergent validity of Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF 19) Indonesian version. Methods: The Indonesian version of COHIP-SF 19 was developed according to the guidelines for the cross-cultural adaptation process. The instrument was tested among 529 children between 12 – 15 years old who were randomly selected from six junior high schools in Jakarta. The psychometric testing included internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and convergent validity. Results: Mean age of the participants was 13.3±0.9 years and 54% of the participants were female. The mean COHIP-SF 19 score was 57.8±8.8 and the median was 58 (range 27 – 75). The internal consistency and test-retest reliability was excellent for COHIP-SF 19 score with Chronbach’s alpha 0.83 and intra-class correlation coefficient 0.81. Children with active decay, untreated caries with pulpal involvement, and gingivitis had significantly lower COHIP-SF 19 scores (p-value ≤ 0.030). Correlation between COHIP-SF 19 score, subscale scores and clinical severity as well as self-rated general or oral health were very low to low (rs = 0.04 – 0.27, p-value ≤ 0.028), after adjustment for children’s age and gender. Conclusions: The Indonesian version of COHIP-SF 19 was successfully developed to be used as an OHRQoL instrument for Indonesian school-age children. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and convergent validity of COHIP-SF 19 Indonesian version were confirmed.

The Effect of Milk or its Combination with Tea and 0.2% NaF on Dental Enamel Demineralization Analyzed by Micro Computed Tomography Rahardjo, Anton; Sahertian, Raisa D.; Ramadhani, Siti A.; Maharani, Diah A.; Latief, Fourier DE.
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 21, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Fluoride and calcium play an important role in the prevention of dental caries, promoting the inhibition of demineralization and the increase of remineralization. Objective: To investigate the effects of milk with/without the combination of tea and 0.2% NaF on enamel demineralization using micro-computed tomography (microCT). Methods: The coronal parts of 40 extracted sound premolars were prepared as tooth blocks. An unvarnished occlusal surface window was created for each tooth by covering the occlusal surface with a 3x5 mm2 sticker and painting all other surfaces with an acid-resistant varnish. These blocks were randomly allocated into four groups that were immersed in remineralizing solutions for 26 minutes: Group A, milk; Group B, milk and tea; Group C, milk and 0.2% NaF; and Group D, deionized water (control). Results: After 3 days of immersion in a buffered demineralization solution at pH 4.4, micro-CT scans were taken. The mean grayscale values and the standard deviations are: 98.1 ± 24.0; 90.8 ± 9.1; 92.6 ± 21.4; 81.1 ± 20.3, respectively. The mean grayscale values were significantly different among the four groups (p

Measurement of Tooth Brushing Frequency, Time of Day and Duration of Adults and Children in Jakarta, Indonesia Rahardjo, Anton; Maharani, Diah A.; Kiswanjaya, Bramma; Idrus, Erik; Nicholson, Julie; Cunningham, Paul J.; Schäfer, Fred
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 21, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Epidemiological study of tooth brushing is essential to evaluate dental health of a country. Objective: To obtain data on tooth brushing frequency, time of day and duration from adults and children in Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: Toothbrushes containing data loggers were distributed to 120 random families in Jakarta to record how many times a day, when and for how long subjects brushed their teeth. The families were each composed of a mother, father and two children aged between 6 and 15 years. Results: The mean brushing frequency of the population was 1.27 times per day. The majority of the tooth brushing (46%) was performed in the morning. The mean tooth brushing duration of this population was 57.29 seconds. The mothers’ tooth brushing frequencies tended to be higher than that of the other family members, and the fathers tended to brush their teeth longer. Conclusion: Effective education aimed at increasing both the duration and frequency of tooth brushing from once to twice per day is urgently required in Indonesia.

The formation of tooth brushing automaticity of 7-8 year-old children using appreciative inquiry (Ai) approach Lisa Prihastari; Zaura KA. Matram; Anton Rahardjo
Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020): (Available online: 1 April 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Objective:Â To measure the effectiveness of the appreciative inquiry (AI) approach for the formation of tooth brushing automaticity of children in school for 2 months.Material andÂ Methods:Â Randomized-Community Trial with a school-based supervised tooth brushing program for two months. Automaticity was measured with self-report behavior automaticity index (SRBAI) and intraoral examination was done with patient hygiene performance modified index (PHP-M)at the baseline, after 1 month and after 2 months.Â Results:Â automaticity proportion was significantly higher in the AI group (63.8%) compared to conventional group (22.1%) (P = 0.000; OR= 11.9, 95% CI = 4.794-29.497).Â Conclusion:Â appreciative inquiry was more effective than conventional health education approach for tooth brushing behavior change.

Efficacy of Essential Oil Strips Containing Thymol, Eucalyptol, Menthol, Methyl Salicylate, and Peppermint Against Dental Caries Rahardjo, Anton; Gemiani, Dira; Soekanto, Sri A
Makara Journal of Health Research
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Background: Strips containing essential oils are commonly used as an alternative treatment for dental caries prevention. However, their efficacy is unknown. This study aimed to test the efficacy of oral strips containing essential oils on caries prevention. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study with 15 subjects divided into two groups: A and B. In the first week, group A (N = 8) was given strips containing thymol, eucalyptol, menthol, methyl salicylate, and peppermint (TEMMP) three times in 24 hours while group B (N = 7) was given placebo strips. In the second week, after a one-week washout period, each group was given the other product. Pre- and post-treatment evaluation was performed by measuring plaque acidity using a pH plaque indicator and determining the number of S.mutans colonies using a hand counter. Results: There was no significant difference between plaque pH and S.mutans count in subjects given TEMMP strips compared to placebo. Conclusions: The use of TEMMP essential oil strips does not significantly inhibit the growth of S.mutans or the production of plaque.

ASSOCIATION OF EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG 5-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN IN INDONESIA Nuzulisa Zulkifli; Anton Rahardjo; Risqa Rina Darwita; Melissa Adiatman; Diah Ayu Maharani; Sri Susilawati
Journal of Health and Dental Sciences Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): Journal of Health and Dental Sciences
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Unjani

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ABSTRACT Oral health and nutrition problems in children cannot be separated. Both share the same risk factors. The high prevalence of malnutrition and Early childhood caries (ECC) in developing countries, especially in Indonesia, still needs attention. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ECC and the nutritional status of children aged five years in Indonesia based on the 2018 Riskesdas data. The study used a cross-sectional study using secondary data from Riskesdas 2018. A sample of 701 children aged five years was subjected to clinical examinations and questionnaires. ECC as the independent variable and other risk factors; self-reported oral health, gender, mother's education level, father's employment status, family economic status, children's dietary practices, and utilization of health facilities were analyzed against nutritional status based on weight/height categories converted by Z-score. Results showed that the chi-square test showed a significant correlation between ECC, maternal education level, family economic status and dietary practices at risk of children on nutritional status (p-value <0.05). Multinomial logistic regression test proved a significant correlation between ECC and wasting (OR = 1.352, 95% CI: 0.989 – 2.589). ECC is not correlated with obesity. The conclusion is ECC can cause wasting in children. Meanwhile, several risk factors for nutritional problems and dental caries were similar. DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v2n2.p235-256

Co-Authors Adilah, Bunga Hasna Afida Luthfi Yuvana, Afida Luthfi Amalia, Fitria Rizqy Andarini, Lintang Anugerah, Pani Matin Anugrah, Pani Matin Armasastra Bahar Ary Agustanti Ary Agustanti, Ary Avina Anin Nasia, Avina Anin Badruddin, Iwany Amaliah Badruddin, Iwany Amalliah Bramma Kiswanjaya Cunningham, Paul J. Diah Ayu Maharani Dini Ghaliyah Dini Ghaliyah, Dini Erik Idrus Gemiani, Dira Herry Novrinda Inka Saraswati Inka Saraswati Julie Nicholson Latief, Fourier DE. Lisa Prihastari Maharani, Diah A. Melissa Adiatman Melissa Adiatman Nuraini, Siti L. Nuzulisa Zulkifli Olivia, Marceline Peter Andreas Peter Andreas Putri Sri Wahyuni Ramadhani, Atik Ramadhani, Siti A. Risqa Rina Darwita Risqa Rina Darwita Risqa Rina Darwita Sahertian, Raisa D. Sandy Asri Schäfer, Fred Shinan Zhang, Shinan Soekanto, Sri A Sri Susilawati Werdiningsih, Monika Zaura KA. Matram

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