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Aplikasi Ekstrak Kompos Meningkatkan Hasil dan Menekan Penyakit Padi Sistem Ratun di Sawah Pasang Surut Kabupaten Banyuasin Suwandi Suwandi; Muhammad Ammar; Chandra Irsan
Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands Vol. 1 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Sub-optimal Lands (PUR-PLSO), Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.394 KB) | DOI: 10.33230/JLSO.1.2.2012.15

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Suwandi et al. 2012. Application of Extract Compost Increased Yield and Suppressed the Diseases of Ratoon Rice Crop in Tidal Swamp of Banyuasin Regency. JLSO 1(2):116-122.A field study was conducted to test the effects of the biofertilizer preparations on yield and diseases of ratoon rice crop in the reclaimed tidal swamp of Telang II, Banyuasin Regency of South Sumatra. The biofertilizer were prepared either as dormant inoculant in liquid formulation or active inoculant in compost extract. Both preparations contain chitinolytic, cellulolytic and phosphate solubilizing bacterial community. The result showed that the yield of ratoon crops of Ciherang rice variety in the suboptimal land increased by 67% (923 kg/Ha) in response to single spraying of the compost extract. The ratoon sprayed with the compost extract had a lower incidence of neck blast and panicle blight and produced less empty grains compared to non-sprayed control. The application of extract compost appears to be a feasible method for increasing production of ratoon rice in tidal swamps.
Tingkat Parasitisasi dan Deskripsi Parasitoid yang Memarasit Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Asal Agroekosistem Dataran Rendah dan Dataran Tinggi Sumatera Selatan Riyanto Riyanto; Siti Herlinda; Abu Umayah; Chandra Irsan
Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands Vol. 3 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Research Center for Sub-optimal Lands (PUR-PLSO), Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (645.631 KB) | DOI: 10.33230/JLSO.3.1.2014.47

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The parasitic level research and description of the parasitoid species which were parasitic towards Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Hemiptera : Aphididae ) origin the agroecosystem of the lowland and highland of South Sumatra has not been reported, although this information is needed as a foundation of biological control of A. gossypii in South Sumatra. The purpose of this study was to determine the parasitic level and provide information about the description of the parasitoid which were parasitic towards A. gossypii origin the agroecosystem of the lowland and highland of South Sumatra. Survey and exploration the parasitoid which were parasitic towards A. gossypii conducted at 11 sites in South Sumatra vegetable center.  The identification of parasitoid species was conducted in the laboratory of Entomology Department of the Faculty of Agriculture University of Sriwijaya. The results showed the parasitic level of Aphidius sp. and Diaeretiella rapae was higher during the dry season in both lowland and highland compared to the parasitic level of Aphelinus sp. However, Aphelinus sp. could only spread in the lowland. The main characteristics of Aphidius sp. (Aphidiidae) has shaped antennae filiform and segmented 13. The front wings have a triangular pterostigma. D. rapae, (Aphidiidae) has shaped antennae filiform and segmented 14. The front wings has a triangular pterostigma. The hind wing has a perfect basal cells. Aphelinus sp. (Aphelinidae) has an shaped goblets antennae and eight segmented and the last segments three of the antennae enlarged or club. Marginal venation long wings, while the venation postmarginal and stigma reduction. In addition there are two species of hyperparasitoid which were found to be parasitic towards parasitoid A. gossypii, were Ooencyrtus sp. and Aphiidencyrtus sp. (Encyrtidae) especially in the lowland.
Uji Kisaran Inang Penyakit Downy Mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) dan Antraknosa (Colletotrichum Sp.) pada Beberapa Tanaman Cucurbitaceae Erise Anggraini; A. Muslim; Azizah Zuriana; Chandra Irsan; Bambang Gunawan
Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands Vol. 7 No. 2 (2018): JLSO
Publisher : Research Center for Sub-optimal Lands (PUR-PLSO), Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1793.543 KB) | DOI: 10.33230/JLSO.7.2.2018.368

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Anggraini et al, 2018. Host-Range Analysis of Downy Mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) and Anthracnose (Colletotrichum Sp.) on some Cucurbitaceae Plants. JLSO 7(2):213-224. Inhibiting factors of cucumber cultivation is Downy mildew disease that is caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Anthracnose by Colletotrichum sp. The objective of this research was to observe pathogenicity of activity caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Colletotrichum sp. isolated from cucumber towards Cucurbitaceae plants. The research was conducted at greenhouse and Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sriwijaya in September to December 2016. This study used Randomized Block Design (RBD), with four types of plants, 2 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that the incubation period of the plant inoculation Downy mildew by Pseudoperonospora cubensis range between 4.5-5.0 days. Result of broadest spot area was on melon leaf 2.05 cm2 with the chlorophyll content of 0.4928 mg/g and the lowest result was on cucumber leaf 0.90 cm with the chlorophyll content of 0.7628 mg/g. While the results showed that the incubation period of the applied plant pathogen Colletotrichum sp. ranging from 3.0-4.5 days. Result of broadest spot area was on melon leaf 4.00 cm2 with the chlorophyll content of 0.3932 mg/g and the lowest result was on cucumber leaf 2.42 cm2 with the chlorophyll content of 0.7588 mg/g.
Populasi Serangga Hama dan Artropoda Predator pada Padi Rawa Lebak Sumatera Selatan yang Diaplikasikan Bioinsektisida dari Beauveria bassiana dan Insektisida Sintetik Khoirul Ikhsanudin Hanif; Siti Herlinda; Chandra Irsan; Tili Karenina; Erise Anggraini; Suwandi Suwandi; Susilawati Susilawati
Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands Vol. 8 No. 1 (2019): JLSO
Publisher : Research Center for Sub-optimal Lands (PUR-PLSO), Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (505.028 KB) | DOI: 10.33230/JLSO.8.1.2019.378

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Hanif et al, 2019. Population of Pest Insects and Predatory Arthropods Inhabiting Freshwater Swamp Rice of South Sumatra Treated with Bioinsectide of Beauveria bassiana and a Synthetic Insecticide. JLSO (8)1:31-38.Entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana, could  kill various species of insect pests, but  their impact on predatory arthropods needs to be studied. The aim of this study was to compare population of pest insects and predatory arthropods inhabiting rice sprayed with bioinsecticide of B. bassiana and conventional rice field using a synthetic insecticides. Bioinsecticide was made from conidia of B. bassiana and sprayed on rice canopy. The plot of conventional farmers was sprayed with synthetic insecticides made from Abamektrin. The results showed that the application of bioinsecticide of B. bassiana was not proven to reduce the pest insect population. The abundance of natural enemies of pest insects, such as  spiders and predatory insects was also more abundant in plots sprayed with  bioinsecticide than conventional plots that used synthetic insecticide. The synthetic insecticides have been shown to reduce the abundance of predatory insects and spiders. Bioinsecticides containing carrier of  liquid compost were proven to increase the growth and development of rice, which was an increase in the number of rice tillers per clump in plots applied by bioinsecticide. Thus, B. bassiana of bioinsecticide with liquid compost carrier material was safer and could maintain the abundance of predatory arthropods and increased rice growth.
KOMUNITAS ARTHROPODA TANAH DI KAWASAN SUMUR MINYAK BUMI DI DESA MANGUNJAYA, KECAMATAN BABAT TOMAN, KABUPATEN MUSI BANYUASIN, PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN Risda Muli; Chandra Irsan; Suheryanto Suheryanto
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 13, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (421.256 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jil.13.1.1-64

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Pencemaran tanah yang diakibatkan oleh penambangan minyak bumi berpengaruh terhadap lingkungan, vegetasi, dan kelimpahan arthropoda. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian dampak pencemaran minyak bumi di tanah terhadap komunitas Arthropoda. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan struktur komunitas arhtropoda tanah di sekitar lokasi eksplorasi minyak bumi. Kelembapan, pH, suhu tanah, dan kadar TPH tanah diukur dan dianalisis untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap indeks keanekaragaman, dominansi, dan kemerataan arthropoda. Penelitian dilakukan di sumur minyak bumi Desa Mangunjaya Kecamatan Babat Toman pada tanggal 19-24 Februari 2015. Arthropoda dikoleksi menggunakan pit fall traps dan corong barlese-tullgren, pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 96 titik. Identifikasi arthropoda dilakukan di Laboratorium Entomologi Jurusan Hama Penyakit Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian. Analisis kadar TPH tanah menggunakan metode Gravimetri dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia Fakultas MIPA Universitas Sriwijaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata TPH dan pH tanah di lokasi eksplorasi minyak bumi yang dilakukan oleh Pertamina EP Asset 1 Field Ramba lebih rendah daripada eksplorasi oleh masyarakat. Kelembaban dan suhu tanah di lokasi eksplorasi oleh Pertamina EP Asset 1 Field Ramba lebih tinggi daripada di lokasi eksplorasi masyarakat. Kadar TPH, pH, kelembaban, dan suhu tanah tidak berpengaruh terhadap indeks keanekaragaman, dominansi, dan kemerataan arhtropoda. Rata-rata indeks keanekaragaman arthropoda tergolong rendah dengan nilai indeks kurang dari 1. Soil contamination caused by the extraction of petroleum affects the environment, vegetation, and abundance of arthropods. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of oil pollution on the ground against arthropod community. The research has conducted to determine the differences of terrestrial arthropod around petroleum exploration. Moisture, pH, temperature, and soil TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) levels were measured and analyzed to determine its effect on the diversity index, dominance, and evenness of arthropods. The research has been done in the petroleum wells in Mangunjaya village of Babat Toman Toman districts on February 19 to 24, 2015. Arthropods samples were taken using pit fall traps and funnel barlese-tullgren, total sampling points are 96 points. Identification of the arthropod family has been done in Entomology Laboratory of the Agriculture Plant Disease Faculty Sriwijaya University. Analysis of soil TPH levels are using Gravimetry methods carried out in the Chemistry Laboratory of Science Faculty, Sriwijaya University. The results showed an average TPH and pH of soil in petroleum exploration conducted by Pertamina EP 1 Field Asset Ramba lower than in locations that made exploration by the public. Moisture and soil temperature at the location of the exploration by Pertamina EP 1 Field Asset Ramba are higher than in public exploration location. TPH levels, pH, moisture, and soil temperature do not affect the diversity, dominance, and evenness arhtropod index. However, the average index of arthropod diversity is low with an index value of less than 1.
KELIMPAHAN DAN KEKAYAAN ARTROPODA PREDATOR PADA TANAMAN PADI YANG DIAPLIKASI BIOINSEKTISIDA BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS Chandra Irsan; Fina Sunariah; Siti Herlinda; Yuanita Windusari
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 16 No. 1 (2016): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (133.276 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11642-50

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Abundance and species richness of the predatory arthropods on paddy treated with Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide. Application of bioinsecticide from bacterial entomopathogen has not been reported yet that can decrease abundance and species richness of predatory arthropods, such as spiders and predatory insects. This research was aimed to analyze the abundance and species richness of predatory arthropods paddy fields applied by B. thuringiensis bioinsecticide on paddy in fresh swamp area. Areas observed were 2 ha paddy field’s at Situ Bagendit variety. Predatory arthropods inhabiting canopy were sampled using sweep but soil dwelling arthropods were trapped using pitfall traps. The result showed that abundance of spiders inhabiting canopy decreased significantly after B. thuringiensis bioinsecticide application on paddy compared to control without bioinsecticide but the abundance of predatory insects were not significantly affected by the bioinsecticide. Application of the bioinsecticide did not significantly affect the abundance and species richness of soil dwelling predatory arthropods, such as spiders and predatory insects.
Inventory of fruitfly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) on melon plants in Tanjung Seteko Village, Indralaya Raja Bonar Lubis; Ajeng Tri Mughniy; Vera Fadhlia Amy; Nanda Wahyu Suryana; Muhari Muhari; Endi Darmawan; Chandra Irsan
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2021: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 “Sustainable Urban Farming Guna Meningkatkan
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Lubis RB, Mughniy AT, Amy VF, Suryana NW, Muhari M, Darmawan E, Irsan C. 2021. Inventory of fruitfly species (diptera: tephritidae) on melon plants in tanjung Seteko Village, Indralaya. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar NasionalLahan Suboptimalke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 878-883.  Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI). Inventory of fruitflies in Indonesia has been widely carried out, but inventory of fruitflies in melon plantations has never been carried out, while fruitfly attacks on melon plantations have the potential to harm fruit up to 30-60%. The purpose of this observation aimed to determine what kind of species are present in melon plantations in Tanjung Seteko Village, Indralaya and their populations. Observations were carried out on melon plantations in Tanjung Seteko Village using diagonal pattern sampling. Sampling using a modified Steiner trap placed at the sampling point horizontally and carried out for 3 days from 07.00 to 18.00 WIB. The results showed that the fruitfly species in melon plantations in Tanjung Seteko Village was Bactrocera carambolae. The results showed that the presence of Bactrocera cucurbitae, which is commonly found in melon plantations in many countries such as Pakistan, India, and Hawaii, was not found in melon plantations in Tanjung Seteko Village, Indralaya. The results of this observation indicate a decrease in the fly population for each sampling. The number of fruitfly population sampling on day 1 there were 324 fruitflies, on day 2 there were 242 fruitflies, and on day 3 there were 170 fruitflies. The conclusion from this observation is that Bactrocera carambolae is a species of fruitfly found in melon plantations in Tanjung Seteko Village and the average population is 245 fruitflies.
Tingkat Serangan Larva Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pada Tanaman Jagung di Ketinggian Tempat yang Berbeda Ella Apriyana; Helmi Syaputra; Khairi Sardilla; Nur Amalia N; Tezzia Nofetra; Tika Rahmawati; Chandra Irsan
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2021: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 “Sustainable Urban Farming Guna Meningkatkan
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Apriyana E, Syaputra H, Sardilla K, Nasution NA, Nofetra T, Rahmawati T, Irsan C. 2021. Tingkat Serangan Larva Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pada Tanaman Jagung di Ketinggian Tempat yang Berbeda. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 563-569.  Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI). Corn (Zea mays L.) is a commodity that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Cultivation is carried out in various areas, from the lowlands to the highlands. Cultivation of corn plants is inseparable from pest attacks, one of which is Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The altitude of the place is not known with certainty with the influence of S. frugiperda attack. In terms of knowing the attack rate of S. frugiperda on corn was done by collecting data. Aim to find out how the effect of altitude on the level of attack S. frugiperda. From the results of the literature study showed that at altitude <500 m above sea level to 100% attack. At an altitude of 500-1000 meters above sea level, the attack was categorized as large. Meanwhile, at an altitude of > 1000 masl, the attack was categorized as high with a certain temperature range. The attack rate of S. frugiperda was also known to be influenced by climate and the presence of natural enemies in the ecosystem. So, it can be concluded that altitude didn't absolutely affect the attack of S. frugiperda on maize.
Pengaruh Tumpang Sari Cabai dengan Kubis terhadap Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Cabai Di Desa Kerinjing Kota Pagar Alam Arsi Arsi; Gunawan Ade Putra Sihite; Fitra Gustiar; Irmawati Irmawati; Suparman SHK; Harman Hamidson; Chandra Irsan; Suwandi Suwandi; Yulia Pujiastuti; Khodijah Khodijah; Nurhayati Nurhayati; Abu Umayah; Bambang Gunawan; Andika Tiara Sukma; Kevin Christian Bakkit P
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2021: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 “Sustainable Urban Farming Guna Meningkatkan
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Abstract

Arsi A, Sihite GAP, Gustiar F, Irmawati I, SHK Suparman, Hamidson H, Irsan C, Suwandi S, Pujiastuti Y, Khodijah K, Nurhayati N, Umayah A, Gunawan B, Sukma AT, Bakkit PKC.  2021. The effect of intercropping chili with cabbage on pests and plant disease in Kerinjing Village Pagar Alam city. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp.101-113. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Red chili (Capsicum annuum) belongs to the family Solanaceae and is one of the vegetable commodities that has many benefits, high economic value. The aim of this field practice is to find out the difference in intensity of pest and disease attacks on intercropping and monoculture chili plants. This field practice was carried out in Kerinjing Village, Dempo Utara District, Kota Pagar Alam, South Sumatra. The reseach uses the case method by deliberate sampling in a field by counting the number of mounds in the field and determining the sample on the mound to be observed. On the two fields that were observed were found pests and diseases that attacked the chili plants namely mandibular pests and curly diseases, yellow disease and leaf spot disease. The average intensity of mandibular pest attacks on monocultures is 2.7% while on intercropping is 11.12%. The mean intensity of attacks of curly diseases was 33.87% in monocultures and 22.35 in intercropping. In jaundice, the mean intensity of attack was 14.87% in monoculture land and 8.25% in intercropping land while the mean intensity of spotting was 5.67% in monoculture land and 1.30% in intercropping land. From the observations that have been made that there is no significant difference between monoculture land and intercropping land for pests and diseases of chili plants. Weather affects the attack of pests and diseases on both fields, where dry weather affects the spread of disease-causing vectors so that the intensity of the attacks is higher. And also the use of crop rotation that is not right also exacerbates the level of pest and disease attacks on chili plants.
Strategi yang tepat dalam Pengendalian Hama Lalat Buah (Bactrocera sp.) pada Tanaman Jambu Air Hijau Deli (Syzygium aqueum) Cindi Azzahra; Mutiara Raihanah; Zahratul Fauziah; Meirizqi NS; Azzahra Nur DL; Rohima Rahmah; Chandra Irsan
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2021: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 “Sustainable Urban Farming Guna Meningkatkan
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

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Azzahra C, Raihanah M, Fauziah Z, NS Meirizqi, DL Azzahra Nur, Rahmah R, Irsan C. 2021. Strategi yang tepat dalam Pengendalian Hama Lalat Buah (Bactrocera sp.) pada Tanaman Jambu Air Hijau Deli (Syzygium aqueum). In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 242-248. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Deli green water guava (Syzygium aqeum) is one of the agricultural products in Indonesia that has high economic value. Many pests, are pests for this plant, one of which is fruitfly. Fruitfly (Bactrocera sp.) have 400 species with different levels of attack in each species. Cultivation of this green water guava fruit is very profitable for farmers and can improve their economy. Fruit farmers generally still depend on synthetic pesticides to control fruitfly, even though this method can pollute the environment and the resulting plant products. This review aimed to identify and overcome fruit fly pests that attacked deli green guava with proper control and attention to all aspects. This writing is based on a study of the literature taken and then analyzed and developed into a review that is easy to understand. Fruit fly pest control is usually done by wrapping fruit using plastic. However, farmers are often reluctant to use this method because of the large number of fruits to pack. Another more effective way is to use vegetable insecticide control by using methyl eugenol. It was concluded that the fruit fly pest attack can damage the quality of the green water guava fruit which has an impact on the selling value, so effective control must be used such as the use of methyl eugenol.