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All Journal Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi Al-Iqtishad : Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah (Journal of Islamic Economics) Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business Islamic Ecomonics Journal Tazkia Islamic Finance and Business Review Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam al-Uqud : Journal of Islamic Economics Indikator: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen & Bisnis Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Al-Muzara'ah Amwaluna Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance International Journal of Zakat (IJAZ) Al-Awqaf: Jurnal Wakaf dan Ekonomi Islam Jurnal Ekonomi Islam

Ascarya Ascarya

Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Author-ID : 481163

Religion Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences Other

Published : 26 Documents Claim Missing Document

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COMPARISON OF SHARIA AND CONVENTIONAL BANKING BANKRUPTCY RATES IN INDONESIA Ulumuddin Nurul Fakhri; Saiful Anwar; Rifki Ismal; Ascarya .
Tazkia Islamic Finance and Business Review Vol. 13 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Empowerment (LPPM TAZKIA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30993/tifbr.v13i2.193

The purpose of this study is to determine the position of financial performance, the position of bankruptcy rates of Islamic banking, as well as compare it with conventional banking. This study also compares the accuracy of the bankruptcy predictions of the Islamic banks versus conventional banks using the Altman Z-Score method with the calculation of the financial services authority (OJK). This research will be very useful to provide early warning to Islamic banking in managing the company so that the company management can create some innovations in order to develop the company, avoid bankruptcy. The analysis of this research using some methods. First, the method of Approach Regulation of the Financial Services Authority no. No. 8 / POJK.03 / 2014 which refers to Central Bank of Indonesia regulation no. 9/1 / PBI / 2007 to know the position of financial performance. Second, the Altman Z-Score model to find out the bankruptcy positions of sharia and conventional banking. This study provides the finding of the position of the financial performance level and the position of bankruptcy level of sharia and conventional banking. The conclusion of this research is the performance of sharia banking is not better than conventional banking financial performance, because the position of Islamic banking performance level is ranked 3, while conventional banking is ranked 1. The risk of bankruptcy of sharia bank CBGB 2 is in the position of the gray zone, while conventional banking CBGB 2 is in the safe zone. These results prove that both Altman Z-Score method and the method of Approach Regulation of the Financial Services Authority can provide the same prediction result.

CLASSICAL AND CONTEMPORARY FIQH APPROACHES TO RE-ESTIMATING THE ZAKAT POTENTIAL IN INDONESIA Maya Asfarina; Ascarya Ascarya; Irfan Syauqi Beik
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 5 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

This study aims to re-estimate the potential of zakat in Indonesia based on the classical and contemporary fiqh approaches, as well as including optimistic and realistic scenarios with different assumptions. Under the classical fiqh approach, the potential amount of zakat was calculated based on the zakatable assets that have been agreed upon by all scholars, including only zakat on savings. Meanwhile, using the contemporary fiqh approach, the zakat potential was calculated based on a new classification of zakatable assets agreed by contemporary scholars after considering the issue of economic development, including professional (household) zakat, corporate zakat and zakat on savings. The results show that, based on the classical fiqh approach, the potential zakat amount is IDR 69.57 trillion, or equivalent to 0.56% of GDP under the optimistic scenario, and it is IDR 13.26 trillion, or equivalent to 0.11% of GDP, under the realistic scenario. Meanwhile, based on the contemporary fiqh approach, the potential zakat amount is IDR 216.54 trillion, or equivalent to 1.75% of GDP, under the optimistic scenario, and it is IDR 74.87 trillion, or equivalent to 0.60% of GDP, under the realistic scenario. The estimated zakat potentials are still significantly higher than actual zakat collection recorded. However, the results of classical approach under the realistic scenario (0.11% of GDP) is the closest to the real 2018 zakat collection of 0.05% of GDP, which could be the indication that most Indonesian Muslims follow classical fiqh approach in calculating their zakat maal obligation.

Stability Measurement of Dual Banking System in Indonesia: Markov Switching Approach Siti Fatimah Zahra; A Ascarya; Nurul Huda
Al-Iqtishad: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah Vol 10, No 1: January 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah and Law, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Various macro and microeconomic shocks that occur during this time suggest the potential for financial instability. This study attempts to analyze the influence of macro and microeconomic variables of the dual banking stability in Indonesia and compares the stability level of both banking system by using two similar stability measurement models namely the Z-score and Banking Stability Index. The method used in this is a Markov Switching VAR. The results of this study described through two analyze: First, the calculation index of financial stability with Z-score and BSI. Second, results of Markov-Switching prove that the sharia banking system has a higher level of stability compared to the conventional banking system. It means sharia banking is more stable than conventional ones.DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v10i1.5867

TOWARD OPTIMUM SYNERGY OF MONETARY POLICY IN DUAL FINANCIAL/BANKING SYSTEM Ascarya Ascarya
Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business (JIEB) Vol 24, No 1 (2009): January
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada

In a country adopting dual financial/banking system, where a conventional financial system coexists with an Islamic financial system, monetary authority has the responsibility to maintain financial/monetary stability and synergy of both systems. This study analyses and compares one of the main pillars of conventional monetary system and Islamic monetary system (i.e., interest system vs. profit-and-loss sharing/PLS system) and try to come up with the possible conduct of optimum monetary policy under dual financial/banking system. The results show that PLS system is superior to interest system in fairness, justice, efficiency, and stability. Therefore, the optimum synergy in the dual financial/banking system can be achieved when monetary policy in conventional systembenchmarks its policy rate to the PLS market return in Islamic financial market of Islamic system, which will ensure optimum market efficiency that maximize distributive social welfare and justice. Monetary policy in managing money supply is only a response to thedynamic activity in the real sector. While, active monetary policy can be conducted, not by altering M, but by altering V, i.e. to increase the flow of money in the economy by issuing central bank SUKUK with PLS market return to finance government projects, commercially as well as socially, in the real sector.Keywords: Islamic Monetary System, Islamic Financial System, Dual Banking Financial System

Cash Waqf Models of Baitul Maal wat Tamwil in Indonesia Ascarya Ascarya; Siti Rahmawati; Raditya Sukmana
Al-Awqaf: Jurnal Wakaf dan Ekonomi Islam Vol 10 No Special (2017): Al-Awqaf: Jurnal Wakaf dan Ekonomi Islam
Publisher : Badan Wakaf Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47411/al-awqaf.v10iSpecial.51

Cash waqf is one type of contemporary waqf which has been widely applied by waqf institutions and Islamic financial institutions in Muslim majority countries as well as in Muslim minority countries. This study is intended to identify and analyze the cash waqf model applied by three Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) as certified Nazhir with their unique characteristics, not only to achieve triple bottom-line (outreach, sustainability and welfare impact), strengthen its role as the agent of holistic financial inclusion (HFI) and develop micro enterprises (MEs), but also to improve its social programs, to improve its stability as well as to contribute to financial system stability. The results show that managing cash waqf (direct and indirect) will benefit not only final mauquf alaih (beneficiaries of BMT’s social programs), but also intermediate mauquf alaih (BMT and its MEs members). BMT would benefit from the placement of cash waqf funds in its waqf equity and investment deposit accounts, not only as source of fund, but also provides better liquidity risk and reduce mismatch, which in the long run would improve BMT stability and its resilience to external shock. BMT members and MEs would benefit from cheaper cost of micro-financing. Final mauquf alaih would benefit from more variety and better quality social programs. To improve the participation of BMTs in managing cash waqf, BMT should be authorized and encouraged, with incentives and necessary regulations, to independently manage its own cash waqf collected. Moreover, the determinants of BMT soundness should not only include its Baitut Tamwil performance, but also include its Baitul Maal performance. JEL Classification: D60, G210 Keywords: Waqf, Cash Waqf, Baitul Maal wat Tamwil

COMPARISON AND PREDICTING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL BANKS IN INDONESIA TO ACHIEVE GROWTH SUSTAINABILITY Ulumuddin Nurul Fakhri; Saiful Anwar; Rifki Ismal; Ascarya Ascarya
al-Uqud : Journal of Islamic Economics Vol. 3 No. 2 (2019): July
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Islamic banking fall on stagnation of financial performance in 2011 after successfully overcoming the financial crisis in 1998 and 2008, as though the Islamic banking sector had only run in place and had no clear purpose in developing the Islamic finance business. The purpose of this study is to clarify the variables that predispose financial performance, as well as predict the decrease and increase of financial performance. This study uses an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to find out the variables that affect financial performance and predict the decrease and increase of financial performance of sharia and conventional banking for the next five months. This research generates the variables which affect the financial performance of sharia banking and the prediction of financial performance over the next five months. The variables which affect the level of financial performance of sharia banking affected dominantly by inflation, although the results of conventional banking are the same but not too significant. This shows that sharia banking CBGB (Commercial Bank Group of Business) 2 is very vulnerable with macroeconomic factors compared with conventional banking. ANN predictions produce an average of 80% success in predicting performance over the next five months.

THE ROOT CAUSES OF FINANCIAL CRISIS IN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE Ascarya Ascarya
Ekonomi Islam Vol. 8 No. 02 (2017): November, 2017
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (700.142 KB)

The ongoing global financial crisis is just a repeat of financial crises which have occurred one after another since the England crisis in 1825. The crises have subsided in the period under Bretton Woods Agreements (BWA) in 1950-1972, with the implementation of the gold standard. The crises have reemerged with the collapse of BWA in 1971, and up to 2011, there are 421 financial crises covering 147 banking crises, 218 currency crises (10 episodes in 2008-2011), and 66 sovereign debt crisis, including 68 twin crises and 8 triplet crises (Laeven and Valencia, 2012). These repeated man-made financial crises happened due to the transgressions of God’s laws in financial dealings, especially in the abandonment of main pillars of Islamic financial system, namely prohibition of ribā (usury or interest), prohibition of maysir (game of chance or speculation) and prohibition of gharar (excessive uncertainty), in their many forms, as well as due to misbehaviors of economic actors, poor governance and unsustainable fiscal system. This study applies Analytic Network Process (ANP) to determine the main root causes of the financial crisis from Islamic economic perspective which are grouped into five clusters, namely: Misbehavior, External Factor, Poor Governance, Unstable Monetary System and Unsustainable Fiscal System. Each cluster will have six relevant elements obtained from literature and in-depth interviews with several experts. The ANP results show that the main root causes of financial crisis from Islamic economic perspective are Social Instability (External Factor), Speculation (Misbehavior), Ineffective Fiscal System (Unsustainable Fiscal System), Hedonism (Misbehavior), Fractional Reserve Banking System (Unstable Monetary System), Political Instability (External Factor), Corruption (Poor Governance), Interest Rate (Unstable Monetary System), Fiat Money (Unstable Monetary System), and Wrong Man in the Wrong Place (Poor Governance). These main root causes should be removed gradually in order to systematically and gradually improve the stability of financial system so that financial crisis will not reappear again and again in the future.

Analisis Efisiensi pada Pra dan Pasca Initial Public Offering (IPO) Panin Dubai Syariah Bank Dina Wening Ati Dianti; Irfan Syauqi Beik; Ascarya
AL-MUZARA'AH Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): AL-MUZARA'AH (June 2020)
Publisher : Department of Islamic Economics, IPB University

Panin Dubai Syariah Bank (PDSB) conducted an initial public offering (IPO) in January 2014 and was also registered as the first Islamic bank (IB) to conduct an IPO. With an IPO, PDSB is required to provide information disclosure and increase the company's competitive advantage. This study aims to determine 1) financial performance pre and post implementation of the PDSB IPO; 2) the efficiency of the pre and post implementation of the PDSB IPO compared to the IB BUKU 2. The study used a quantitative descriptive approach. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of annual report IB BUKU 2 2010-2017 and IB publication reports. Data were analyzed using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to measure efficiency as a concept for evaluating PDSB performance. The results showed (1) CAR pre IPO better than post IPO. BOPO, NPF and FDR there are no significant differences between pre IPO and post IPO (2) PDSB efficiency scores in 2010-2017 are always more efficient when compared to IB BUKU 2. There are significant differences in the parameters of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency on pre-IPO, while post-IPO significant differences only in the efficiency of technical efficiency and scale efficiency.

Examining the Efficiency of Zakat Management: Indonesian Zakat Institutions Experiences Solahuddin Al-Ayubi; Ascarya .; Bayu Taufiq Possumah
International Journal of Zakat Vol 3 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Center of Strategic Studies (PUSKAS) BAZNAS

This study evaluates the efficiency of Indonesian Zakat Institutions (IZI), including technical, pure technical and scale efficiencies using a production approach. This study also examines the sources of inefficiency. By employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique, this study proposes a solution to improving the efficiency of IZI. The input variables of this study are the number of amil, the number of volunteers, the number of offices, socialization costs, personnel costs, and operational costs. The output variables of this study include the amount of zakat collected, the distribution of consumptive zakat, the distribution of productive zakat, the number of muzakki and the number of mustahiq. The results indicate that between 2010-2013 IZI Mass technical efficiency were higher than IZI Non-Mass on average. In 2014, IZI Non-Mass exceeded IZI Mass technical efficiency. IZI Mass pure technical efficiency had an upward trend during 2011-2013, but then declined during 2014-2016. However, IZI Non-Mass pure technical efficiency experienced an upward trend during 2011-2012, then slightly decreased in 2013. Although the efficiency increased in 2014-2015, there was a subsequent decrease in 2016. After a period of fluctuation during 2011-2013, the scale efficiency of IZI Mass decreased in 2014 and stabilized in 2015-2016. Similarly, IZI Non-Mass fluctuated during 2011-2012, then stabilizing until 2016. The increasing problems of IZI Mass and IZI Non-Mass are the socialization costs, the number of volunteers, the amount of zakat collected, and the distribution of consumptive zakat, which cumulatively reduces the intermediation function of zakat institutions. IZI must resolve these issues to ameliorate the efficiency of zakat institutions. Keywords: Indonesian Zakat Institutions, Efficiency, Technical Efficiency JEL Classification Code: L31, D61

THE ROOT CAUSES OF FINANCIAL CRISIS IN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE Ascarya Ascarya
Ekonomi Islam Vol. 8 No. 02 (2017): November, 2017
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (700.142 KB)

The ongoing global financial crisis is just a repeat of financial crises which have occurred one after another since the England crisis in 1825. The crises have subsided in the period under Bretton Woods Agreements (BWA) in 1950-1972, with the implementation of the gold standard. The crises have reemerged with the collapse of BWA in 1971, and up to 2011, there are 421 financial crises covering 147 banking crises, 218 currency crises (10 episodes in 2008-2011), and 66 sovereign debt crisis, including 68 twin crises and 8 triplet crises (Laeven and Valencia, 2012). These repeated man-made financial crises happened due to the transgressions of God's laws in financial dealings, especially in the abandonment of main pillars of Islamic financial system, namely prohibition of ribā (usury or interest), prohibition of maysir (game of chance or speculation) and prohibition of gharar (excessive uncertainty), in their many forms, as well as due to misbehaviors of economic actors, poor governance and unsustainable fiscal system. This study applies Analytic Network Process (ANP) to determine the main root causes of the financial crisis from Islamic economic perspective which are grouped into five clusters, namely: Misbehavior, External Factor, Poor Governance, Unstable Monetary System and Unsustainable Fiscal System. Each cluster will have six relevant elements obtained from literature and in-depth interviews with several experts. The ANP results show that the main root causes of financial crisis from Islamic economic perspective are Social Instability (External Factor), Speculation (Misbehavior), Ineffective Fiscal System (Unsustainable Fiscal System), Hedonism (Misbehavior), Fractional Reserve Banking System (Unstable Monetary System), Political Instability (External Factor), Corruption (Poor Governance), Interest Rate (Unstable Monetary System), Fiat Money (Unstable Monetary System), and Wrong Man in the Wrong Place (Poor Governance). These main root causes should be removed gradually in order to systematically and gradually improve the stability of financial system so that financial crisis will not reappear again and again in the future.

Co-Authors Aam Slamet Rusydiana, Aam Slamet Afifah Nur Millatina Bayu Arie Fianto Bayu Taufiq Possumah Diana Yumanita Diana Yumanita Dina Wening Ati Dianti Ebrinda Daisy Gustiani Erliza Noor Eva Misfah Bayuni Fakhri, Ulumuddin Nurul Guruh S. Rokhimah Haris Al Reza Hendri Tanjung Heni Hasanah Huda, Nurul Irfan Syauqi Beik JAENAL EFFENDI Laily Dwi Arsyianti Maya Asfarina Mochammad Novi Rifa’i Muhammad Mahbubi Ali Nisful Laila Noer Achsani Priyo, Ahsanul Hadi Pupun Saepul Rohman Raditya Sukmana Rifki Ismal Rifki Ismal Rifki Ismal Saiful Anwar Saiful Anwar Saiful Anwar Siti Fatimah Zahra Siti Nur Jannah Siti Rahmawati Siti Rahmawati Solahuddin Al-Ayubi Surbakti, Muhammad Syarif Ulumuddin Nurul Fakhri Ulumuddin Nurul Fakhri

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