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The paper describes about rainfall zoning and rainfall prediction modeling and its use for rice availability and vulnerability analysis. The study used rainfall data from Station Baros (Banten region), Station Karawang and Station Kasomalang Subang (Northern Coastal of West-Java), and Station Tarogong (Garut). Fuzzy clustering methods, that was applied for rainfall zoning, used the representative data for El-Nino, La-Nina and normal means condition during 1980-2006 periods. Neural network ana Aris Pramudia; Yonny Koesmaryono; Irsal Las; Tania June; I Wayan Astika; Eleonora Runtunuwu
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 31 No. 2 (2008): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The paper describes about rainfall zoning and rainfall prediction modeling and its use for rice availability and vulnerability analysis. The study used rainfall data from Station Baros (Banten region), Station Karawang and Station Kasomalang Subang (Northern Coastal of West-Java), and Station Tarogong (Garut). Fuzzy clustering methods, that was applied for rainfall zoning, used the representative data for El-Nino, La-Nina and normal means condition during 1980-2006 periods. Neural network analysis technique was applied for rainfall prediction modeling. Training set of the model based on the rainfall data of 1990-2002 periods, and validation model based on data of 2003-2006 periods. The model were used to predict the rainfall of 2007-2008 periods. The distibution of equivalence value between rainfall stations was very variative under El-Nino, La-Nina and Normal condition. On the certain of equivalence level it could be derivated some different rainfall zone under El-Nino, La-Nina and normal condition. Model training set could explain 88% of Baros rainfall variability, 89% of Karawang rainfall variability, and 72% of Kasomalang rainfall variability. At Baros, Karawang and Subang, rainfall was predicted to be increased on November 2007-February 2008 period, and to be decreased on the March-June 2008, and to be increased on July-November 2008. The rainfall decreasing on the March-June would carry a losses of rice production up to 25%. But, applying the well irrigation management and suitable growing periods could decrease and mitigate the decreasing of paddy production. Key words: rainfall prediction model, fuzzy clustering, neural network analysis, rice vulnerability

ANALISIS HASIL PEMANTAUAN ELEVASI MUKA AIR DI LAHAN GAMBUT KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI PROVINSI JAMBI Eleonora Runtunuwu
JURNAL SUMBER DAYA AIR Vol 8, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat

Upaya memenuhi kebutuhan air tanaman di lahan gambut membutuhkan pengaturan elevasi muka air yang tetap terkondisikan pada level tertentu. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pemantau elevasi muka air terpadu di lahan gambut yang spesifik lokasi. Telah dilakukan penelitian di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi Provinsi Jambi, yang meliputi instalasi satu stasiun Automatic Weather Station, 19 piezometer, 4 rambu ukur dan 2 pintu air. Titik referensi yang digunakan untuk lokasi ini adalah 19,68 m di atas permukaan laut. Pembukaan dan penutupan pintu air pada waktu yang tepat mengakibatkan elevasi muka air dapat dipertahankan pada kondisi 50-60 cm terhadap kedalaman muka air tanah yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan kelapa sawit. Masalah pada musim kemarau, pasokan air dari saluran drainase ke lahan yang menurun secara gradual. Oleh karena itu, pintu air perlu ditambah terutama pada tersier barat dan timur masing-masing dengan ukuran lebar 4,3 m dengan kedalaman 1,6 m agar elevasi muka air lahan dapat lebih mudah diatur. Pengembangan sistem pemantau elevasi muka air terpadu di lahan dan saluran dengan menggunakan titik referensi yang spesifik lokasi sama akan memberikan informasi elevasi muka air yang lebih akurat. Data rekaman elevasi muka air runut waktu ini dapat digunakan dalam penyusunan rancang bangun teknik pengelolaan air lahan gambut untuk pertanian.

Utilizing National Cropping Calendar Atlas in Copping with Variability and Climate Change ELEONORA RUNTUNUWU; H. SYAHBUDDIN
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 5, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v5n1.2011.%p

Inappropriate cropping season and pattern resulted in the low production of seasonal food crops and the major cause of crop failure. A local wisdom called “Pranatamangsa” previously used to determine cropping time, now often miss due to climate anomaly. Crop growth is much affected by rainfall, solar radiation, and air temperature. The rainfall determines water availability and is essential requirement for crop growth. Planting time and cropping pattern until recently are adjusted to the climate variability and water availability to the crops. Therefore, the cropping calendar contained in this atlas is based on climate variability such as wet (El-Nino), normal, and dry (La-Nina) years. The atlas provides detailed description of planting time and crop rotation in each sub-district for each season in one year based on climate condition. The preparation of cropping calendar, both spatially and tabularly, provides information on cropping alternative for wet, normal or dry years. These alternatives were developed at 1:250 000 scale to be applied as reference in determining planting time and cropping pattern for each region and sub district. Hence, the risks of yield lost or crop failure can be avoided or minimized. Further, the policy and strategy of procurement and distribution of farm inputs particularly fertilizer and seed can be properly formulated. This cropping calendar was arranged through several steps: (1) climate data collection and farmer’s interview, (2) analysis of planting time and mapping, (3) field verification, and (4) refining the delineation of cropping pattern based on the sensitivity level. For a better planning of cropping time and pattern, this cropping calendar was arranged at the scale of 1:250.000 and attached with an information of cropping time and pattern at the sub-district level.

Agrometeorological Data and Rainfall Forecasting for Crop Simulation LE ISTIQLAL AMIEN; ELEONORA RUNTUNUWU
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 3, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v3n2.2009.%p

Agricultural production is one of the most weather sensitive human activities that depend on daily atmospheric conditions. This review attempts to describe the meteorological data for crop requirements, some techniques of climate prediction and its use for crop simulations. Despite the rapid progress achieved in forecasting technology lately, further works are necessary for the real application. The amount and distribution of the rainfall in the coming season is necessary for planning crop cultivation particularly when climate anomaly arises. In agriculture the efforts to bridge the gap, climate forecasting results are the main input in crop simulation, especially for water and agro-climate management and cropping calendar.

DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL CLIMATE DATABASE SYSTEM FOR SUPPORTING AGRICULTURE RESEARCH ELEONORA RUNTUNUWU
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 4, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v4n1.2010.%p

One of the most significant challenges for improving the agroclimate research is availability of integrated climate data. This paper reviewed several climate database systems development of national and international levels; such as those produced by Indonesian Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and New Zealand climatic database systems. Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) through Indonesian Agroclimate and Hydrology Research Institute (IAHRI) has developed a national climate database system (CDS), called as IAHRI CDS, as a basic part of agroclimatic researches. The system was integrated the numeric climate data and thematic spatial maps by applying Geographic Information System (GIS) and programming technologies. The data mainly comes from automated and manual climate stations of Ministry of Agriculture, BMKG and Irrigation service of each province. The development of IAHRI CDS is expected as a great resource for many potential applications on agriculture research in Indonesia. Keywords : Aagriculture, climate, database system, Indonesia

DINAMIKA ELEVASI MUKA AIR PADA LAHAN DAN SALURAN DI LAHAN GAMBUT Eleonora Runtunuwu; Budi Kartiwa; Kharmilasari Kharmilasari; Kurmen Sudarman; Wahyu Tri Nugroho; Anang Firmansyah
JURNAL RISET GEOLOGI DAN PERTAMBANGAN Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Institute of Sciences

ABSTRAK Reklamasi gambut untuk pertanian memerlukan jaringan drainase makro yang dapat mengendalikan tata air dalam satu wilayah dan drainase mikro untuk mengendalikan tata air di tingkat lahan. Elevasi muka air harus dipertahankan secara optimal. Tidak terlalu dalam agar tanaman tidak mengalami kekeringan dan tidak terlalu dangkal agar tanaman tidak tergenang. Untuk itu diperlukan bangunan pengendali berupa pintu air di setiap saluran. Pintu air berfungsi untuk mengatur muka air tanah supaya tidak terlalu dangkal dan tidak terlalu dalam, sehingga kelestarian gambut dapat terjaga. Pemasangan pintu air baik letak maupun jumlahnya perlu diawali dengan mengetahui fluktuasi air di saluran dan lahan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dinamika elevasi muka air pada lahan dan saluran dan keterkaitannya dengan curah hujan di lahan gambut. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut telah dilakukan penelitian di Desa Jabiren, Kecamatan Jabiren Raya, Kabupaten Pulang Pisau, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak April sampai dengan Oktober 2011. Analisis difokuskan untuk memahami karakteristik hujan, karakteristik hidrologi, elevasi muka air lahan dan saluran, hidrotopografi, serta hubungan curah hujan dan elevasi muka air. Data dasar ini sangat dibutuhkan sebagai informasi peringatan dini agar kejadian air berlebihan atau terbatas di lahan gambut dapat diantisipasi dengan baik.

EFFECT OF LAND USE ON SPATIAL AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF WATER QUALITY IN CILIWUNG RIVER, WEST JAVA-INDONESIA Eleonora Runtunuwu; Akihiko Kondoh; Kasdi Subagyono
JURNAL RISET GEOLOGI DAN PERTAMBANGAN Vol 20, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Indonesian Institute of Sciences

ABSTRACT Study on water quality aspects of Ciliwung river has been conducted from January 2008 to November 2009 to address the impact of land use change on its seasonal variation. Nitrogen compound of NO2 and NH4 were monitored along the Ciliwung river with different time. Land use change within the Ciliwung watershed was analyzed using remote sensing data and correlate with NO2, NO3, NH4 concentration, conductivity and pH along the river. The results showed that in area with higher populated areas such as found in the middle and downstream area of Ciliwung watershed, NO3 concentration is higher. This obvious variation was also observed for conductivity and pH. It was also observed that the more dense area as in the middle and downstream area the change of land use was obvious. The NO3 concentration is much influenced by land use and vegetation change prior to human activity. In general, NO3 observed on October 2008 was higher compared with that observed on January, April and July 2008. In October where it is rainy season, flushing of NO3 is higher and it was transported into the Ciliwung river. The temporal variation is seemed to be due to variation of rainfall generating different runoff and nutrient flushing surrounding river.

DAMPAK PERUBAHAN PENUTUPAN LAHAN TERHADAP EVAPOTRANSPIRASI AKTUAL Eleonora Runtunuwu
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian UNIB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/jipi.9.1.12-19

Utilizing National Cropping Calendar Atlas in Copping with Variability and Climate Change ELEONORA RUNTUNUWU; H. SYAHBUDDIN
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 5, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v5n1.2011.%p

Inappropriate cropping season and pattern resulted in the low production of seasonal food crops and the major cause of crop failure. A local wisdom called “Pranatamangsa” previously used to determine cropping time, now often miss due to climate anomaly. Crop growth is much affected by rainfall, solar radiation, and air temperature. The rainfall determines water availability and is essential requirement for crop growth. Planting time and cropping pattern until recently are adjusted to the climate variability and water availability to the crops. Therefore, the cropping calendar contained in this atlas is based on climate variability such as wet (El-Nino), normal, and dry (La-Nina) years. The atlas provides detailed description of planting time and crop rotation in each sub-district for each season in one year based on climate condition. The preparation of cropping calendar, both spatially and tabularly, provides information on cropping alternative for wet, normal or dry years. These alternatives were developed at 1:250 000 scale to be applied as reference in determining planting time and cropping pattern for each region and sub district. Hence, the risks of yield lost or crop failure can be avoided or minimized. Further, the policy and strategy of procurement and distribution of farm inputs particularly fertilizer and seed can be properly formulated. This cropping calendar was arranged through several steps: (1) climate data collection and farmer’s interview, (2) analysis of planting time and mapping, (3) field verification, and (4) refining the delineation of cropping pattern based on the sensitivity level. For a better planning of cropping time and pattern, this cropping calendar was arranged at the scale of 1:250.000 and attached with an information of cropping time and pattern at the sub-district level.

Validation of Evapotranspiration Prediction Model: An Effort to Complete the National Climate Database System ELEONORA RUNTUNUWU; HARIS SYAHBUDDIN; ARIS PRAMUDIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 27 (2008): Juli 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n27.2008.%p

To cope with limited evapotranspiration data, recently, there are many evapotranspiration estimation methods have been developed. Those methods were generally developed in sub tropic region when climate is not similar with Indonesia and the methods may not be applied directly. Validation of several estimation methods including Blaney Criddle, Radiation, Penman, and Pan Evaporation have been done in Cikarawang (Bogor) and Ciledug (Tangerang). The average correction factor andcorrelation coefficient (r) were respectively 1.83 for Blaney Criddle method (r = 0.97); 1.90 for Radiation method (r=0.97); 1.10 for Penman method (r=0.96), and 1.81 for Pan Evaporation method (r=0.98). Penman is the best method with regard on the smallest correction factor especially for station with complete climatic data. Since all methods have correlationcoefficient of more than 0.95, those methods can be used to estimate evapotranspiration based on the available climatic data. The present study used the Penman and Pan Evaporation methods to estimate evapotranspiration in Bogor for period of 1995-2005. The study provides insight into alternative to estimate the evapotranspiration for the area with no lysimeter. The method is selected by considering the available climatic data.

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