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All Journal Research Report - Social Science Melintas An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion Jurnal Dekonstruksi Sapientia Humana : Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Mamangan Social Science Journal Jurnal Pembumian Pancasila : Mewujudkan TRISAKTI sebagai Pedoman Amanat Penderitaan Rakyat SUBAKTYA, Unpar Community Service Journal
Mardohar Batu Bornok, Mardohar Batu
Universitas Katolik Parahyangan
Religion Arts Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Dialektika Ruang dan Identitas dalam Heterotopia Foucault dan Profilisitas Moeller-D’Ambrosio Kairupan, Melvyn Zaafir; Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok
MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 39 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/mel.v39i2.7779

Abstract

This study aims to explore the interplay between space and the construction of identity. It employs descriptive library research methodology to elucidate the elements and aspects of both space and identity. It draws upon Michel Foucault’s concept of heterotopia for the understanding of space and the theory of profile formulated by Hans-Georg Moeller and Paul J. D’Ambrosio. The analysis delves into these theories and their interrelation concerning identity formation. The authors conclude that from Foucault's perspective, space can be seen as having distinctive characteristics, tied to axio-ontological components that need to be fulfilled before entering a heterotopic space. This position is then intersected with Luhmann’s second-order observation, resulting in a dynamically linked profilic identity to a particular space. This paper finds that in Foucault’s thinking, heterotopia emphasises the impossibility of space being separated into a label. Space as a site (“cultural framework”) may still be enforced by designing it to fulfill certain functions. As a consequence, it becomes increasingly difficult for these spaces to be seen as relevant to society’s way of being today. In the light of Foucault and Moeller-D’Ambrosio, the space now needs to be seen as a form of space (espace–a referential frame) that is profilic.
The Concept of Emergence in Non-Temporal Photography: A Non-Dualistic Approach Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok
MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 39 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/mel.v39i3.7823

Abstract

The problem of temporality in photography has invoked a continuous debate concerning the artistic nature of this medium. Previously taken as a different way of seeing, the time signature in a photograph became debatable along with the development of digital photography. Photography’s status as the undisputed evidence of the truth is then no longer relevant. This changes the flow of discourse to a more philosophical one. However, the debate does not provide adequate defence concerning the role of photography in the digital era. The Platonic dualistic approach, especially the Cartesian one, is responsible for this regress. Immanuel Kant introduces transcendental causality to re-examine the Cartesian legacy. This Kantian approach needs to be developed further. Stephen Hawking’s cosmological model of Quantum Field Theory (QFT) working in anti-de Sitter space (ADs) offers a better explanation on this Kantian transcendentalism. The research shows that the non-temporality of photographic images is irrelevant with the development of the medium because Hawking’s approach fits the transcendental interaction proposed by Kant. This article concludes that photography is independent from temporal demands, and that the advancement of photography lies in its potential to pursue non-duality interactions.
Mengangkat Pewacanaan Nasionalisme, Pancasila, dan Seni Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok; Bolo, Andreas Doweng; Sirait, Asnita
SUBAKTYA: UNPAR COMMUNITY SERVICE JOURNAL Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): (JULI 2024) SUBAKTYA: UNPAR Community Service Journal
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/sucsj.v1i1.7928.9-19

Abstract

Pengabdian yang menyasar para seniman muda ini dimaksudkan untuk memperkuat landasan ideologis mereka dengan cara menanamkan Pancasila sebagai sebuah ideologi yang kokoh dalam bernegara. Penanaman ideologi ini dilakukan dengan tiga tema yang semuanya membentuk satu kesatuan: bagaimana prinsip Pancasila berperan dalam mengobati luka sejarah, bagaimana menerapkan gagasan besar Pancasila dalam kehidupan sehari-hari lewat aktivitas yang berdampak pada masyarakat luas, dan terakhir bagaimana Pancasila dapat kita pergunakan untuk menafsirkan ulang makna kepahlawanan. Ketiga tema tersebut diberikan lewat seminar daring (webinar) yang dilakukan dengan cara mengundang ketua-ketua komunitas seniman muda atau perwakilannya. Kegiatan yang berlangsung dari bulan September hingga November 2020 ini melibatkan lima orang pakar, tiga orang dari Fakultas Seni Rupa dan Desain Institut Teknologi Bandung (FSRD-ITB), satu orang dari galeri seni WOT BATU, dan satu orang dari Institut Seni Indonesia Padangpanjang (ISI Padangpanjang). Dari pengabdian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa para seniman yang aktif di dunia seni di Indonesia memiliki kepedulian yang mendalam tentang urgensi Pancasila dalam kaitannya dengan rasa nasionalisme bangsa ini. Dengan kata lain, integrasi Pancasila bukan hanya sebuah kewajaran, melainkan sebuah keharusan.
The Ethics of Transhumanism from the Perspective of Gilbert Ryle Monist Ethics: Ambiguities and Prospects Mardohar Batu Bornok Simanjuntak; Andreas Doweng Bolo; Ambrosius Markus Loho
Sapientia Humana: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Vol 3 No 02 (2023): Vol 3 No 02 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jsh.v3i02.6940

Abstract

Transhumanism attempts to overcome human limitations through the use of technology, such as nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and genetic modifications. In the monist ethical perspective, humans are considered complex material entities, and consciousness is understood as a product of the physical and chemical interactions in the brain with various other parts of the body. The problem is that with such artificial revolutions, ethical foundations based on corporeal limitations become irrelevant. Gilbert Ryle questions Platonistic dispositions that overly rely on reduction with the consequence of extractive knowledge rather than abstract knowledge. Plato's line of thought is then strengthened by Cartesian dualism, which, when applied in a monist perspective, can be reduced to an extraction of brain performance. Ryle proposes an abstraction that allows for the interaction between elements to form a unified understanding of the complex. Based on Ryle's thinking, a study of monist ethics can offer a thoughtful approach to constructing an ethical framework that aligns with the transhumanist era's revolution.
Memikirkan Ulang Fondasi Definitif Filosofis dari Fotografi Andreas Doweng Bolo; Mardohar Batu Bornok Simanjuntak
Sapientia Humana: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Vol 4 No 01 (2024): Vol 4 No 01 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jsh.v4i01.7542

Abstract

This text discusses the problematic nature of photography since its inception. This disposition arises because photography is a manifestation of the dualistic thinking pattern matured by René Descartes and radicalized by Immanuel Kant. Photography, which began in the 19th century, was analog and relied on the permanent traces of time caused by chemical reactions. The strong claim of photography against the singularity of artistic work positions it as a threat to the value of art on one hand, while on the other, photography opens up various new approaches to artistic expression. Around 150 years after its birth, photography faced a serious challenge: even with digital technology, which eliminates the permanence of time traces, photography was considered "dead." This perceived death of photography led to ideological approaches viewing the existence of photography as post-medium discourse. By examining the development of major literature during the transition from analog to digital photography, this ideological approach further guides the discourse on photography as a metatheoretical and paradigmatic area. By shedding temporal elements, the discourse on photography moves more agilely within the framework of complex material monism—becoming a way of existing in a non-dualistic knowledge structure.
Verasitas Versus Viralitas: Refleksi Filosofis atas Karya-Karya Bandung Photography Triennale 2022 Mardohar Batu Bornok Simanjuntak; Henrycus Napitsunargo; Deden Hendan Durahman
Sapientia Humana: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Vol 2 No 02 (2022): 2022
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jsh.v2i02.6199

Abstract

The reality of our everyday life is now stifled by dense images taken by mobile phones. It is still acceptable to claim that digital photographic images are currently invading the phone memory space and social media communication platforms used for working and daily activities like Whatsapp, Instagram, or Telegram. The sheer production and distribution of such images give rise to the virality of malicious digital photographs. This unfortunate circumstance can lead to the negative spread of hoaxes, misinformation, and disinformation. Virality then undermines veracity. Digital photographic records fabricated exponentially are then thinning the line between the truth and the viral. Such image manipulation is indeed a serious problem because public scamming is now orchestrated and conducted through digitally reconstructed images which are aggressively invading chatrooms. To cope with this surge, the authors propose philosophical analyses through examining all possible ways to manipulate photographic images conceived by 35 artists participating in Bandung Photography Triennale 2022. As analytical instruments to probe the prospect of veracity to distance itself from virality, the authors employed three triangulated categories extracted from philosophical discourses on photography, that is, the Eye, the time signature, and the ideology.
The Central Role of In-Formation in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and its Significance to Legal Personhood Mardohar Batu Bornok Simanjuntak; Tristam P Moeliono
MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion Vol. 40 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/mijpr.v40i3.336-358

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) can be understood from an epistemological standpoint, specifically in relation to the concept of legal personhood. It has evolved into a stronger version with broader capabilities, surpassing its predecessors, particularly Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI). This rapid advancement has significant consequences, not to mention its increasing problem-solving ability–an essential characteristic of intelligence. To determine its legal status, AI must meet specific criteria. Generative AI, such as large language models (LLMs), serves as a warning sign, as Yuval Noah Harari argues, radically altering how humans cooperate. Harari maintains that social constructs have historically relied on human-to-document intersubjective interaction, mediated by bureaucracies. The latest developments, however, shift this relationship toward document-to-document interaction, transforming the nature of information. Instead of being merely a collection of data (‘inform-ation’), information now serves as the fundamental backbone of social institutions (‘in-formation’). From a periscopic perspective, as discussed by the authors, the discrepancy between the real and the metaversal expands AI’s role in everyday human activities. The authors propose a special legal personhood status for AI, considering its emerging analytic a priori capabilities. However, while AI remains in the later stages of its development, this possibility introduces mitigated risks that require further analyses.
Legal Personality of Artificial Intelligence Tristam P. Moeliono; Mardohar Batu Bornok Simanjuntak
MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion Vol. 40 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/mel.v40i2.8648

Abstract

This paper examines the ontology of artificial intelligence (AI) within the context of contemporary society. With the rapid progression of technology, the definition of legal subjects has become increasingly ambiguous, as the technological landscape continues to evolve. The orthodox perspective fails to provide adequate solutions to this problem. An alternative approach, as put forth by Visa A.J. Kurki’s bundle theory offers a potential pathway, yet AI’s intrinsic nature surpasses the minimum thresholds defined by Kurki’s model. The authors propose a periscopic model that explores the interaction between the material world and the virtual or augmented sphere, often referred to as the metaverse. This article contends that the current philosophical foundation of law is both outdated and insufficient, primarily due to the shift from singular to plural forms of agency. AI has transitioned from being purely instrumental or intermediary, as observed in Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), to autonomous decision-making entities, exemplified by Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Drawing on theoretical insights from Yuval Noah Harari, the paper underscores the need for a new conceptual framework to address AI’s lack of a material entity. In conclusion, the paper asserts that the recognition of AI as legal subjects is an inevitable development.
Co-Authors Ambrosius Markus Loho Andreas Doweng Bolo Deden Hendan Durahman F. X. Rudi Setiawan Henrycus Napitsunargo Kairupan, Melvyn Zaafir Loho, Ambrosius Markus Masmuni Mahatma Nugraheni, Ester Oka Seva, Kristining sirait, asnita Tristam P Moeliono Tristam P. Moeliono Tristam P. Moeliono