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IS THE LAW (POSSIBLY) DEAD OR CAN IT BE KILLED? OR HAS THE STATE FAILED/HAS IT BEEN ABSENT? Moeliono, Tristam Pascal
Jurnal IUS (Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan) Vol 1, No 3 (2013): APAKAH HUKUM SUDAH MATI?
Publisher : Jurnal IUS

Law is impossible to die, even if we can strangle it until limp. This questions appeared the possibility of killing the law by tracing the ideas about the law and the state that appears in the passage of time. What emerges is that the order or disorder always presupposes the emergence of law. Although it does not indicate whether the law appear fair or not. The fact is that people need a law although not necessarily requiring the State. Problems faced by Indonesia is now possible to be considered not as a matter of law, but the inability of the StateÂ to present itself as something that is needed by the community.Keywords : Community, Emergence ofÂ Law, Fairness

Problematika Pengertian Aanslag-Aanslag tot en feit: Perbandingan Makar dalam KUHP, WvSNI dan Sr. Wulandari, Widati; Moeliono, Tristam P.
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 4, No 3 (2017): PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Padjadjaran University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (335.209 KB)

Makar dalam praktik penegakan hukum pidana di Indonesia sering kali ditafsirkan terlalu luas dan karenanya menjangkau perbuatan yang tidak selayaknya dikategorikan sebagai tindak pidana yang mengancam keselamatan negara. Tulisan ini hendak menelusuri kembali pemaknaan dua konsep penting dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Indonesia (Wetboek van Strafrecht Nederlands-Indie; WvSNI), yaitu aanslag maupun aanslag tot en feit. Metoda yang digunakan adalah metode penemuan hukum dan perbandingan hukum. Temuan terpenting adalah adanya kekeliruan penerjemahan istilah aanslag dan aanslag tot en feit secara otomatis sebagai makar dalam berbagai pasal KUHP. Koreksi terhadap itu seharusnya dilakukan agar penegakan hukum pidana tidak memunculkan ketidakadilan dalam wujud reaksi negara yang tidak proporsional dengan kadar kesalahan.Â Â The Problematical Meaning of Aanslag-Aanslag tot en feit:Â Comparison of Treason in the Translated Version of the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Dutch VersionÂ AbstractTreason as a crime threatening the stateâs security has been inappropriately applied to facts which does not in any way can be categorized as such. This article purports to retraceing two key concepts: aanslag (onslaught/attack) and aanslag tot en feit (commit) found in the Criminal Code. Method used in this article is legal finding and law comparison. The authorâs main finding is that these concepts had been wrongly translated into treason with all the consequence thereof.Therefore, correction of the translation should avoid injustice in the form of state reaction not proportional to the wrong doing.Â DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v4n3.a3

Prinsip Common But Differentiated Responsibility Dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Sumber Daya Alam Dan Hutan Tropis Oktoberina, Sri Rahayu; Moeliono, Tristam P
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 2 No. 2 (2016): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v2i2.2268

AbstractThe common but differentiated responsibility is or will become an important principle of international environmental law, specifically related to the management of tropical rain forest. The issue at hand is how this principle is understood by developing states, which by its geographical position, is entrusted with the responbility to manage tropical rain forest. In this article the author traces the reason justifying the differentiation of (international) responsibilities and attempts to relate this (mis-) understanding of the principle to Indonesia’ s unwillingness or inability to manage its tropical rain forest.

Intended to Fail? Jatropha Development Project in Indonesia Moeliono, Tristam P.
Humaniora Vol 7, No 3 (2016): Humaniora
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/humaniora.v7i3.3584

Article offers an analytical description of the legal framework of the Indonesian biofuel energy policy : commercialization of Jatropha. Its purpose is to explain why the legal framework failed. Methodology used to collect data is library research, including shifting through related legal documents. Additional information was collected through interviews with key informants. The purpose is to be able to place the relevant legal framework within a broader economic-political context. The main findings were that government intervention in the economic sector (commercialization of Jatropha), were made more in the spirit of poverty eradication programs and lessening government financial burden in providing cheap fossil fuel. Cautious approach based on economic calculations and other considerations (Jatropha not being sufficiently tested and developed as biofuel crop) as advised by researchers (2006) working under the auspices of the Ministry of Agriculture were simply ignored.

BAYANGAN AKAN BANGSA DALAM KONTEKS HAK UNTUK MENENTUKAN NASIB SENDIRI: SUATU WACANA Moeliono, Tristam Pascal
Justitia et Pax Vol 36, No 1 (2020): Justitia et Pax Volume 36 Nomor 1 Tahun 2020
Publisher : Penerbit Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Two issues shall be discussed: what is meant by peopleâ€™s right to self determination and how has it been realized, also in the context of indigenous-tribal peoples. Analysis shall be done, by using a juridical doctrinal method. The purpose would go beyond explaining but also induce understanding of peopleâ€™s right to self determination in the context of nation states. One determining faktor in the construction of a nation state is the emergence of an imagined solidarity between peoples from different races, tribes, or religious beliefs, being the result of suffering under colonialism. Notwithstanding that indigenous or tribal peoples may and in fact experience similar suffering under the state they are considered to be part of, international law, while recognizing their right to self determination, does not fully extend the same scope of rights to them.

Prinsip Common But Differentiated Responsibility Dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Sumber Daya Alam Dan Hutan Tropis Oktoberina, Sri Rahayu; Moeliono, Tristam P
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 2 No. 2 (2016): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v2i2.2268

AbstractThe common but differentiated responsibility is or will become an important principle of international environmental law, specifically related to the management of tropical rain forest. The issue at hand is how this principle is understood by developing states, which by its geographical position, is entrusted with the responbility to manage tropical rain forest. In this article the author traces the reason justifying the differentiation of (international) responsibilities and attempts to relate this (mis-) understanding of the principle to Indonesia’ s unwillingness or inability to manage its tropical rain forest.

Legal Personality of Artificial Intelligence Moeliono, Tristam P.; Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok
MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 40 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/mel.v40i2.8648

This paper examines the ontology of artificial intelligence (AI) within the context of contemporary society. With the rapid progression of technology, the definition of legal subjects has become increasingly ambiguous, as the technological landscape continues to evolve. The orthodox perspective fails to provide adequate solutions to this problem. An alternative approach, as put forth by Visa A.J. Kurki’s bundle theory offers a potential pathway, yet AI’s intrinsic nature surpasses the minimum thresholds defined by Kurki’s model. The authors propose a periscopic model that explores the interaction between the material world and the virtual or augmented sphere, often referred to as the metaverse. This article contends that the current philosophical foundation of law is both outdated and insufficient, primarily due to the shift from singular to plural forms of agency. AI has transitioned from being purely instrumental or intermediary, as observed in Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), to autonomous decision-making entities, exemplified by Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Drawing on theoretical insights from Yuval Noah Harari, the paper underscores the need for a new conceptual framework to address AI’s lack of a material entity. In conclusion, the paper asserts that the recognition of AI as legal subjects is an inevitable development.

Comparative Study of Judicial Pardon in the Substantive Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Law of the Netherlands and Indonesia: Note to the Draft Criminal Procedure Code Moeliono, Tristam Pascal; Hardinanto, Aris
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i2.26047

The ruling on Rechterlijk Pardon (judicial pardon) or passing sentence of guilt without imposing penal sanction is regulated in Article 54 paragraph (2) of Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning Criminal Code. On the other hand, various academic drafts of the Criminal Procedure Law, and draft of the Criminal Procedure Law dated March 21, 2023, did not contain a ruling on the same. Meanwhile, the draft of criminal procedure code dated February 17, 2025, March 3, 2025, March 15, 2025, and March 20, 2025 mentions this legal institution only in passing. The legal lacunae resulting from this disharmony consequently make it impossible the passing such a sentence in practice. Numerous legal academic writings on Judicial Pardon can be found written by Indonesian legal scholars, but none seems to focus on the legal history of this institution using primary legal sources and none of those articles refers to most recent draft criminal procedure code. Moreover, those articles still refer to the old criminal code and criminal procedure code draft. The method used in this research is legal normative, using statutory approach as well as comparative law. The main argument here is that the ruling about judicial pardon should be added into the draft of the criminal procedure code. With the intent to rectify the existing legal lacunae, this article discusses the above shortcomings and addresses the existing disharmony between criminal law and criminal procedural law and how to fill in the legal gaps. The author's main arguments are, taking in consideration the necessity to harmonize substantive and procedural law, first, that the legislature should synchronize-harmonize internally and externally the academic draft of the draft criminal procedure law and with the existing criminal code. Secondly, in the draft criminal procedure code should be added a ruling making the passing of judicial pardon a possibility. Third, to add a ruling obligating judge who pass such sentences to adequately support his/her decisions with arguments. Lastly, to add another ruling elaborating on for what crimes would judicial pardon be allowed and to what extent such sentences would be eligible to be challenged

Analisis Wacana Pengaturan Cuti Haid, Hamil, Keguguran, dan Melahirkan dalam Hukum Positif Indonesia Moeliono, Tristam Pascal; Indriyani, Oktavianti
Undang: Jurnal Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/ujh.6.2.487-523

Women in the modern industrialized world are expected to satisfy quite a number of different public or country’s demands. Traditionally, as also underscored by the existing marriage law in Indonesia, they are expected to become housewives, supporting, and taking care of their husband and children. On the other hand, the modern industrial world demands them to be able handle multi task and become productive workers, to play their part as productive state’s human resources. In the face of these demands, we can discern the compromise made in the making of policies and rules in the field of labour law. This tension, as shown in conflicts and compromises made in the establishment of policies, rules, and regulations, especially in the field of labour law, granting special treatment for women labour force colours the development of special treatment policies given to women, in terms of maternity, miscarriage and menstruation leave. Those specific work leaves are made and developed based on how women’s specific nature is understood by legislators (mostly dominated by man) or based on how the masculine-economic world view perceive specific women health issues. In this article the authors grapples with legal issues stemming from the treatment of this dual function of women workers in the domestic and workspace. The existing positive law will be put under scrutiny using a discourse analysis, i.e. legal materials as discourse will be analysed using feminist critical legal theory. The authors argue the state or society’s demand to produce healthy offspring’s may well hamper the fulfilments of women’s right to work and building a professional career. Important also is how cost and benefit analysis influenced how those rights are being discussed. Abstrak Perempuan dalam dunia industri modern diharapkan dapat dan wajib memenuhi banyak harapan masyarakat dan negara. Perempuan secara tradisional dan juga secara tegas dalam hukum perkawinan Indonesia diharapkan menjadi ibu rumah tangga dan mendukung dan merawat anak-anak. Sebaliknya, dunia industri modern menuntut mereka berperan ganda dan menjadi tenaga kerja yang produktif. Berhadapan dengan dua tuntutan berbeda, kompromi dalam kebijakan dan hukum ketenagakerjaan mewarnai pengembangan kebijakan serta penetapan sejumlah perlakuan khusus bagi perempuan terkait cuti haid, keguguran, dan melahirkan. Ketiga hal itu diatur dan dikembangkan berdasarkan pemahaman pembuat undang-undang (didominasi pria) atau diwacanakan sebagai persoalan khusus kesehatan perempuan dari sudut pandang ekonomi maskulin. Tulisan ini menelaah persoalan perempuan sebagai ibu rumah tangga (ranah domestik) dan pekerja (ranah publik) dari kacamata hukum positif di Indonesia. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah discourse analysis, di mana bahan-bahan hukum diwacanakan dengan menggunakan perspektif feminist critical legal theory. Dengan itu hendak ditunjukkan bagaimana perbincangan dan perdebatan perihal hak-hak khusus perempuan tidak dapat dipahami terlepas dari praktik-kebiasaan dunia ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia. Dari analisis yang dilakukan tampak kuatnya pengaruh cost benefit analysis serta kecemasan perihal keberlanjutan generasi penerus berkualitas dalam perbincangan hak cuti perempuan pekerja dan dukungan suami terhadap istri-pekerja.

DARI SISTEM 1 KE SISTEM 2: MENELUSURI PERAN MUSYAWARAH DALAM PENALARAN REFLEKTIF DAN KOREKSI KERANCUAN BERPIKIR Simanjuntak, Mardohar; Moeliono, Tristam P.
Jurnal Pembumian Pancasila Vol 5 No 1 (2025): 80 tahun kelahiran Pancasila 1 Juni: Inspirasi dan Intuisi Spiritual Kemerdekaan
Publisher : Dewan Pimpinan Pusat Gerakan Pembumian Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63758/jpp.v5i1.60

Penelitian ini mengkaji praktik musyawarah di Indonesia, sebuah bentuk diskusi komunal yang menekankan pencapaian kata sepakat (mufakat), dari perspektif reduksi bias kognitif dan kekeliruan logika informal. Berdasarkan teori dua sistem evaluasi kognisi dari Daniel Kahneman serta klasifikasi argumentatif formal yang dikembangkan oleh Douglas Walton dan Christopher Tindale, penulis menganalisis elaborasi aturan prosedural dalam proses musyawarah, seperti curah pendapat, klarifikasi, dan pemufakatan, dapat membantu dan mendorong transisi dari cara berpikir cepat dan intuitif (Sistem 1) ke penalaran yang lebih lambat dan analitis (Sistem 2); dan sekaligus mengidentifikasi dan memperbaiki kerancuan berpikir informal yang kerap terjadi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa struktur diskusi deliberatif semacam ini dapat membantu mengeliminasi kekeliruan kognitif, dan menunjukkan bahwa proses rembuk khas Indonesia ini adalah peluang untuk membangun sebuah struktur keberkebangsaan yang terbebas dari dilemma partisan yang umumnya terjadi pasca pemilihan umum. Kajian ini juga mengangkat sejumlah hambatan, seperti distribusi kekuasaan dan struktur sosial yang hierarkis yang bisa memengaruhi jalannya permusyawaratan.

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