Articles
<![CDATA[The Ethics of Transhumanism from the Perspective of Gilbert Ryle Monist Ethics: Ambiguities and Prospects ]]>
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>;
<![CDATA[Doweng Bolo, Andreas]]>;
<![CDATA[Loho, Ambrosius Markus]]>
<![CDATA[ Sapientia Humana: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Vol 3 No 02 (2023): Vol 3 No 02 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Katolik Parahyangan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26593/jsh.v3i02.6940
<![CDATA[Transhumanism attempts to overcome human limitations through the use of technology, such as nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and genetic modifications. In the monist ethical perspective, humans are considered complex material entities, and consciousness is understood as a product of the physical and chemical interactions in the brain with various other parts of the body. The problem is that with such artificial revolutions, ethical foundations based on corporeal limitations become irrelevant. Gilbert Ryle questions Platonistic dispositions that overly rely on reduction with the consequence of extractive knowledge rather than abstract knowledge. Plato's line of thought is then strengthened by Cartesian dualism, which, when applied in a monist perspective, can be reduced to an extraction of brain performance. Ryle proposes an abstraction that allows for the interaction between elements to form a unified understanding of the complex. Based on Ryle's thinking, a study of monist ethics can offer a thoughtful approach to constructing an ethical framework that aligns with the transhumanist era's revolution.]]>
<![CDATA[Memikirkan Ulang Fondasi Definitif Filosofis dari Fotografi ]]>
<![CDATA[Doweng Bolo, Andreas]]>;
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>
<![CDATA[ Sapientia Humana: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora Vol 4 No 01 (2024): Vol 4 No 01 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Katolik Parahyangan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26593/jsh.v4i01.7542
<![CDATA[This text discusses the problematic nature of photography since its inception. This disposition arises because photography is a manifestation of the dualistic thinking pattern matured by René Descartes and radicalized by Immanuel Kant. Photography, which began in the 19th century, was analog and relied on the permanent traces of time caused by chemical reactions. The strong claim of photography against the singularity of artistic work positions it as a threat to the value of art on one hand, while on the other, photography opens up various new approaches to artistic expression. Around 150 years after its birth, photography faced a serious challenge: even with digital technology, which eliminates the permanence of time traces, photography was considered "dead." This perceived death of photography led to ideological approaches viewing the existence of photography as post-medium discourse. By examining the development of major literature during the transition from analog to digital photography, this ideological approach further guides the discourse on photography as a metatheoretical and paradigmatic area. By shedding temporal elements, the discourse on photography moves more agilely within the framework of complex material monism—becoming a way of existing in a non-dualistic knowledge structure.]]>
<![CDATA[The Impact of Philosophy on Religious Education for High School Students ]]>
<![CDATA[Bolo, Andreas Doweng]]>;
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>;
<![CDATA[Mahatma, Masmuni]]>
<![CDATA[ MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 38 No. 3 (2022) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.26593/mel.v38i3.7405
<![CDATA[This article is a result of a research conducted to examine the interrelation between religion and philosophy and to measure how such interaction is embodied in religious subjects taught in middle-high schools in Indonesia. This is considered important because in Indonesian national education, the religious dimension is regarded fundamental and therefore must be emphasised. The classes are divided based on the students’ religion. In order to prevent such division becomes religious segregation that could lead to practices of intolerance, philosophy is proposed as a rational solution to bridge the discrepancy. This is considered imperative so that in school religion is not understood as an exclusive set of doctrines, but as a subject in education process that brings inclusive and pluralistic attitudes. Three basic and important characteristics are analysed in this article, that is, the breadth of perspective about God, the openness towards other religions, and the willingness to embrace science in general.]]>
<![CDATA[Mencari Bentuk Estetika Nusantara: Problematika dan Relevansi Estetika Kantian dari Perspektif Estetika Analitis ]]>
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>
<![CDATA[ MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 39 No. 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.26593/mel.v39i1.7754
<![CDATA[Finding a common philosophical grounding for an Indonesian aesthetics seems to have been problematic. In another word, for a string of archipelagos consisting diverse customs and cultures partially constructed through colonial invasions dating from the 17th century, defining its existential beauty is never a simple argumentative task. The author attempts to elaborate Immanuel Kant’s ideas from his seminal work Critique of Judgment, although Kant’s central position in aesthetics studies does not imply that his disposition is free from ambiguity. The author employs analytical philosophy approaches to elaborate Kant’s ambiguous position and weakness. These are intended as preliminary step towards implementing Kant’s argument in building a fundamental Indonesian aesthetics theory with sufficient explanatory power to describe the variety of Indonesian traditional arts. Further step is to form a strong theoretical foundation for the development of artistic practices in the modern Indonesia. This article concludes that Kant’s implied position of the sublime could be a viable alternative in resolving this conundrum.]]>
<![CDATA[Dialektika Ruang dan Identitas dalam Heterotopia Foucault dan Profilisitas Moeller-D’Ambrosio ]]>
<![CDATA[Kairupan, Melvyn Zaafir]]>;
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>
<![CDATA[ MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 39 No. 2 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.26593/mel.v39i2.7779
<![CDATA[This study aims to explore the interplay between space and the construction of identity. It employs descriptive library research methodology to elucidate the elements and aspects of both space and identity. It draws upon Michel Foucault’s concept of heterotopia for the understanding of space and the theory of profile formulated by Hans-Georg Moeller and Paul J. D’Ambrosio. The analysis delves into these theories and their interrelation concerning identity formation. The authors conclude that from Foucault's perspective, space can be seen as having distinctive characteristics, tied to axio-ontological components that need to be fulfilled before entering a heterotopic space. This position is then intersected with Luhmann’s second-order observation, resulting in a dynamically linked profilic identity to a particular space. This paper finds that in Foucault’s thinking, heterotopia emphasises the impossibility of space being separated into a label. Space as a site (“cultural framework”) may still be enforced by designing it to fulfill certain functions. As a consequence, it becomes increasingly difficult for these spaces to be seen as relevant to society’s way of being today. In the light of Foucault and Moeller-D’Ambrosio, the space now needs to be seen as a form of space (espace–a referential frame) that is profilic.]]>
<![CDATA[The Concept of Emergence in Non-Temporal Photography: A Non-Dualistic Approach ]]>
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>
<![CDATA[ MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 39 No. 3 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.26593/mel.v39i3.7823
<![CDATA[The problem of temporality in photography has invoked a continuous debate concerning the artistic nature of this medium. Previously taken as a different way of seeing, the time signature in a photograph became debatable along with the development of digital photography. Photography’s status as the undisputed evidence of the truth is then no longer relevant. This changes the flow of discourse to a more philosophical one. However, the debate does not provide adequate defence concerning the role of photography in the digital era. The Platonic dualistic approach, especially the Cartesian one, is responsible for this regress. Immanuel Kant introduces transcendental causality to re-examine the Cartesian legacy. This Kantian approach needs to be developed further. Stephen Hawking’s cosmological model of Quantum Field Theory (QFT) working in anti-de Sitter space (ADs) offers a better explanation on this Kantian transcendentalism. The research shows that the non-temporality of photographic images is irrelevant with the development of the medium because Hawking’s approach fits the transcendental interaction proposed by Kant. This article concludes that photography is independent from temporal demands, and that the advancement of photography lies in its potential to pursue non-duality interactions.]]>
<![CDATA[Legal Personality of Artificial Intelligence ]]>
<![CDATA[Moeliono, Tristam P.]]>;
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>
<![CDATA[ MELINTAS An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) Vol. 40 No. 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Philosophy, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung ]]>
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DOI: 10.26593/mel.v40i2.8648
<![CDATA[This paper examines the ontology of artificial intelligence (AI) within the context of contemporary society. With the rapid progression of technology, the definition of legal subjects has become increasingly ambiguous, as the technological landscape continues to evolve. The orthodox perspective fails to provide adequate solutions to this problem. An alternative approach, as put forth by Visa A.J. Kurki’s bundle theory offers a potential pathway, yet AI’s intrinsic nature surpasses the minimum thresholds defined by Kurki’s model. The authors propose a periscopic model that explores the interaction between the material world and the virtual or augmented sphere, often referred to as the metaverse. This article contends that the current philosophical foundation of law is both outdated and insufficient, primarily due to the shift from singular to plural forms of agency. AI has transitioned from being purely instrumental or intermediary, as observed in Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), to autonomous decision-making entities, exemplified by Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Drawing on theoretical insights from Yuval Noah Harari, the paper underscores the need for a new conceptual framework to address AI’s lack of a material entity. In conclusion, the paper asserts that the recognition of AI as legal subjects is an inevitable development.]]>
<![CDATA[KARAKTER KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM IDEOLOGI PANCASILA DILIHAT DARI PERSPEKTIF VITA ACTIVA-VITA CONTEMPLATIVA HANNAH ARENDT DAN SIMBION MUTUALIS J.M. BALKIN ]]>
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugraheni, Ester Oka]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Pembumian Pancasila Vol 3 No 2 (2023): Manifestasi Kepemimpinan Pancasila dalam Membangun Rezim Pembumi Pancasila ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Dewan Pimpinan Pusat Gerakan Pembumian Pancasila ]]>
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<![CDATA[Menjadi pemimpin mengandaikan keterlibatan aktif agensi yang bersangkutan dalam lokus kepemimpinannya. Proposisi ini mengandaikan bahwa seorang pemimpin memiliki relasi resiprokal terhadap dua pihak: konstituen dan non-konstituennya. Kondisi perpolitikan Indonesia saat ini cenderung non-resiprokal terhadap non-konstituen sehingga legitimasi pemimpin menjadi terbagi ke dalam kantong-kantong pemilihan yang cenderung homogen dalam setiap pemilihan umum. Hannah Arendt mengajukan gagasan vita activa dan vita contemplativa, yang sebenarnya merupakan sebuah metode siklik untuk terus memeriksa secara resiprokal sebuah tindakan baik dalam persepsi eksternal-internal (eksterosepsi) maupun persepsi internal-eksternal (interosepsi) dalam kerangka yang diajukan Anil Seth. Di dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggagas sebuah model kepemimpinan yang didasarkan pada evaluasi siklik semacam ini. Sebagai fondasi teoretisnya, penulis mengambil kategorisasi instrumen ideologi simbion mutualis yang digagas oleh J.M. Balkin. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada kepemimpinan yang evaluatif dalam tahapan interosepsi maupun eksterosepsi dapat memberikan peluang bagi terciptanya sebuah model yang inklusif terhadap konstituen.]]>
<![CDATA[ALTERNATIF MENGHADIRKAN NILAI PANCASILA SEBAGAI POTENSI TITIK TUMPU KARYA FOTOGRAFIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF TEORI IDEOLOGI JACK M. BALKIN ]]>
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Pembumian Pancasila Vol 2 No 2 (2022): Manifestasi Pancasila Melalui Trisakti Sebagai Pedoman Mewujudkan Amanat Pendiri ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Dewan Pimpinan Pusat Gerakan Pembumian Pancasila ]]>
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<![CDATA[Karya fotografis sudah selalu dalam perdebatan. Keberatan paling aktual dalam garis argumentasi ini adalah tentang seberapa jauh kebenaran dalam sebuah karya foto dapat diterima. Tudingan yang paling serius adalah bahwa semua karya foto adalah kebohongan semata, dan sebuah kamera hanyalah mesin ideologi. Klaim Marxis semacam ini kemudian diperiksa validitasnya, kemungkinan struktur ideologisnya, dan mencari alternatif ideologi lain – Pancasila – sebagai fondasi dari ideologi simbion mutualistik dalam karya-karya fotografi.]]>
<![CDATA[Development Of Games And Teaching Media For Catholic Religion Primary School Teachers ]]>
<![CDATA[Seva, Kristining]]>;
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Mardohar Batu Bornok]]>;
<![CDATA[Sirait, Asnita]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan Vol 12, No 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan Accredited 2 (SK Dirjen Ristek Dikti No. 0173/C3/DT ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat ]]>
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DOI: 10.22202/mamangan.v12i3.7963
<![CDATA[This devotion takes priority method studies documentation through observation, interview, study libraries, and also training that places application draft method teaching interactive in education Budi character For increase teaching ability of Catholic religious teachers at elementary school level throughout West Java, with scheme Work The same partner with BIMAS Catholic, Ministry of Religion of West Java Province. Besides that, implementation method teaching interactive for teachers it is also useful For support performance teaching. Hence, reinforcement education religion is also close connection with strengthening character based on Catholicism would be more interesting If be delivered in method interactive teaching based game. Training about method teaching, creating teaching media (online and offline), becoming content training for these teachers the in this devotion.]]>
