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MENGENAL SISTEM WAKTU UNTUK KEPENTINGAN IBADAH Misbah Khusurur
Al-Munqidz : Jurnal Kajian Keislaman Vol 2, No 2 (2013): Kajian KeIslaman
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Imam Ghozali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52802/amk.v2i2.33

Adanya perbedaan siang dan malam secara beraturan akibat rotasi di bumi mengakibatkan perbedaan waktu di daerah-daerah di bumi. Daerah yang terlebih dahulu menghadap ke arah matahari waktunya lebih dahulu dari daerah sebelah baratnya. 1 Misalnya, apabila Semarang masuk waktu maghrib maka pada saat itu Lampung belum tiba waktu maghrib, karena Lampung tempatnya lebih Barat daripada Semarang. Demikian juga ketika Lampung sedang terbit matahari maka di Semarang terbit matahari sudah berlalu. Perbedaan waktu tersebut adalah sebesar 1 jam untuk setiap perbedaan 15 derajat bujur, atau 4 menit untuk setiap 1 derajat bujur. Perhitungan ini diperoleh dari waktu yang diperlukan untuk satu kali putaran penuh (360 derajat) selama 24 jam. Tulisan ini akan menjelaskan tentang equation of time, mean time, universal time/greenwich mean time, dan local mean time yang akan sangat penting untuk kepentingan ibadah, terutama untuk pembuatan jadwal shalat shalat.

PANDANGAN HAKIM TERHADAP DISPENSASI NIKAH DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK Muslihun Muslihun; Misbah Khusurur
Jurnal Al-Wasith : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Vol. 2 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah, Prodi Ahwal As Syakhsiyah (AS) Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al-Ghazali (UNUGHA) Cilacap

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (618.743 KB)

Pernikahan merupakan suatu alat dalam melangsungkan kehidupan umat manusia, melalui peraturan yang menjadikan terjaganya suatu keturunan. Peraturan yang ada mengenai pernikahan, khususnya untuk usia menikah yang telah ditetapkan undang-undang, pernikahan yang dilakukan oleh anak yang dibawah umur membutuhkan adanya dispensasi kepada pihak yang ditunjuk oleh undang-undang. Disamping adanya dispensasi anak juga memiliki hak, yang mana dengan adanya dispensasi hak anak terbengkalai atau tertindas. Dengan adanya kasus tersebut maka penulis tertarik untuk meneliti apakah dispensasi nikah itu relevan dengan undang-undang atau malah sebaliknya. Berangkat dari permasalahan tersebut, maka maksud dan tujuan penelitian skripsi ini adalah untuk mengetahui dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam memutusan dispensasi kepada pemohon dan apakah pemberian dispensasi tersebut relevan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode field research atau penelitian lapangan, untuk mendapatkan data penulis melakukan wawancara dengan yang bersangkutan seperti para hakim yang ada di Pengadilan Agama Cilacap, selain itu penulis juga menggunakan data lain seperti file-file lain serta buku-buku yang mendorong dalam kesuksesan dalam menggarap penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dasar hakim dalam memutuskan perkara dispensasi nikah adalah: (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 bahwa dalam pasal 7 ayat (2) Dalam hal penyimpangan terhadap ayat (1) pasal ini dapat meminta dispensasi kepada pengadilan atau pejabat lain, yang ditunjuk oleh kedua orang tua pihak pria maupun pihak wanita, selain undang-undang hakim juga melihat bagaimana faktor-faktor yang melatar belakangi permohonan dispensasi serta kondisi fisik anak yang meminta dispensasi, apakah layak untuk menikah atau belum. Dan dispensasi nikah relevan dengan UU. Perlindungan Anak.

MAKNA MUTTASHIL DALAM IJAB DAN KABUL PERNIKAHAN PERSPEKTIF MAZHAB SYAFI’I Irkham Taefuri; Misbah Khusurur
Jurnal Al-Wasith : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Al-Wasith : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah, Prodi Ahwal As Syakhsiyah (AS) Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al-Ghazali (UNUGHA) Cilacap

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52802/wst.v8i1.719

In marriage there are several pillars and conditions, where if one of the pillars or conditions is not fulfilled, it could make the marriage invalid according to Islamic religious law. There are four pillars of marriage, namely: bride and groom (male and female), guardian (of the bride), two witnesses, sighat (consent and acceptance). In the Ijab and Kabul contract, there are conditions that must be fulfilled in order for the marriage contract to be valid according to Sharia, namely the continuity of the Ijab and Kabul. The meaning of continuity is that there is no separation between consent and acceptance. This type of research is Library Research (Library Research). Based on the data sources that I have collected and studied, I have come up with the meaning of muttashil in the ijab and kabul perspective of the Shafi'i school which refers to the books of Al-Umm, Syarhu al-Shagir, Syarhu al-Shaghir, Buku al-Majmu' . In the book al-Majmu' by Imam Nawawi, it is explained that if the consent and acceptance are interrupted by many words and long silences, if it can indicate the groom's turning away from the consent, the marriage contract will certainly not be valid, because it is not muttashil (continued ).

TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI PEMBERIAN MAHAR BERUPA TA’LIM AYAT AL-QUR’AN Ratna Komala; Misbah Khusurur
Jurnal Al-Wasith : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Al-Wasith: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah, Prodi Ahwal As Syakhsiyah (AS) Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al-Ghazali (UNUGHA) Cilacap

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52802/wst.v7i2.753

The aim of this research is to find out about the law of giving dowry in the form of recitation of Al-Qur'an verses in marriage from the perspective of the Shafi'i school of thought and the implementation of giving dowry in the form of recitation of Al-Qur'an verses in marriage. The type of research in this thesis is library research, using a qualitative approach, a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written words that must be observed and analyzed. The method used is to examine the legal review of the dowry ta'lim verses of the Koran and matters related to the implementation of the dowry. From the research it can be concluded that in the Syafi'i school of thought, giving a dowry in the form of recitation of Al-Quran verses is permissible (mubah), because the dowry is a dowry in the form of services that can be paid for so that it is legally valid to be used as a dowry in marriage. The implementation or practice of giving dowry in the form of ta'lim verses from the Koran is as follows: The headman asks the prospective bridegroom about the dowry that will be given. The bridegroom answered the dowry by reciting the verses of the Koran. Then the dowry was handed over in the form of recitation of Al-Quran verses witnessed by many people. After the dowry is handed over, the qobul agreement is then carried out. The qobul consent is completed and closed with a prayer.

PERPADUAN HISAB DAN RUKYAT SEBAGAI METODE PENENTUAN AWAL BULAN HIJRIYAH Khusurur, Misbah
Jurnal Al-Wasith : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Vol. 5 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Al-Wasith: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al Ghazali Cilacap

Rukyat menurut bahasa artinya melihat dengan mata kepala atau dengan akal. Rukyat merupakan bentuk masdar dari kata kerja raâ. Rukyat yang berarti melihat dengan mata kepala muta’addi pada satu maf’ul sedangkan yang bermakna mengetahui (melihat dengan ilmu) muta’addi pada dua maf’ul. Sedanglan hilal adalah bagian bulan yang terang yang tampak dari bumi pada awal bulan. Ada yang mengatakan hilal adalah nama bagi bulan sabit yang berumur dua hari pada setiap awal bulan dan ada yang mengatakan bulan sabit yang berumur satu sampai tiga hari pada setiap awal bulan. Menurut Abu Ishaq bahwa menurut pendapat mayoritas yang dinamai dengan hilal adalah bulan yang berumur satu sampai dua hari pada setiap awal bulan. Bentuk jamak dari hilal adalah ahillah. Menurut Ibnu Abbas, alasan dinamai hilal adalah karena orang-orang berteriak-teriak ketika mengabarkan hilal tersebut. Hisab menurut bahasa artinya perhitungan dan falak artinya lintasan benda-benda langit. Sedangkan menurut istilah, ilmu hisab/ilmu falak (hisab falaki) adalah ilmu pengetahuan yang mempelajari lintasan benda-benda langit pada orbitnya masing-masing untuk diketahui posisi suatu benda langit terhadap benda langit lainnya agar diketahui pengaruhnya terhadap perubahan waktu di muka bumi. Ilmu falak ini dikenal dengan ilmu hisab karena ilmu falak menggunakan perhitungan.

BALIGH (Kajian Hukum Fiqh dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia) Khusurur, Misbah
Jurnal Al-Wasith : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Vol. 6 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Al-Wasith: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al Ghazali Cilacap

Dewasa menggambarkan segala organisme yang telah matang, tapi lazimnya merujuk pada manusia: orang yang bukan lagi anak-anak dan telah menjadi pria atau wanita dewasa. Saat ini Dewasa dapat didefinisikan dari aspek biologi yaitu sudah akil balig, hukum sudah berusia 16 tahun ke atas atau sudah menikah, menurut Undang-undang perkawinan yaitu 19 tahun untuk pria dan 16 tahun untuk wanita dan karakter pribadi yaitu kematangan dan tanggung jawab. Sementara dari perspektif fiqh, terminologi balig masih menjadi perdebatan. Ada beberapa pendapat tentang usia balig. Menurut mazhab Maliki batasan umur dewasa adalah jikalau sudah umur 18 tahun. Selanjutnya mazhab Maliki menentukan ciri-ciri balig adalah: tumbuhnya bulu ketiak, telah berumur 18 tahun, mimpi basah, hamil dan haid. Batasan umur 18 tahun ini tidak hanya untuk laki-laki akan tetapi juga untuk perempuan. Dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, hukum positif adalah hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia pada waktu ini. Jadi hukum yang dipelajari disini adalah hukum yang bertalian dengan kehidupan manusia dalam masyarakat, bukan hukum dalam arti ilmu pasti dan ilmu yang alam yang obyeknya benda mati.

Traditional Wisdom and Modern Methods in Qibla Direction: A Multicultural Study of Sunan Geseng Great Mosque, Indonesia Muhajir, Muhajir; Khusurur, Misbah; Suleman, Frangky; Karimullah, Suud Sarim; Kuklienė, Lina; Siripipatthanakul, Supaprawat
Kawanua International Journal of Multicultural Studies Vol 5 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : State Islamic Institute of Manado (IAIN) Manado, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/kijms.v5i2.1178

The accuracy of the Qibla direction holds paramount importance in Islamic worship practices, particularly in historical mosques where traditional methods intersect with modern calculations. This study examines the case of the Sunan Geseng Great Mosque in Indonesia, established circa 1400 AD, where traditional supernatural methods of Qibla determination converge with contemporary astronomical calculations. This research investigates the historical method of Qibla direction determination and analyzes community perspectives on potential recalibration, examining the balance between preserving historical authenticity and ensuring religious accuracy. This qualitative research employs historical analysis and astronomical approaches. Data collection involved in-depth interviews with six key informants including religious leaders, mosque administrators, and community members, supplemented by astronomical measurements and historical document analysis. Astronomical calculations revealed a 4° 54' 55.5" northward deviation in the mosque's Qibla direction. Historical analysis indicated that the original direction was determined through a supernatural method by Sunan Geseng's teacher. Interview findings revealed three key responses to potential calibration: religious leaders acknowledged the deviation and adjusted prayer rows accordingly; community leaders supported row adjustment without structural changes; and certain community members opposed changes based on ancestral reverence. This study contributes to understanding the dynamics between traditional methods and modern calculations in determining Qibla direction, while providing insights for managing similar cases where religious accuracy intersects with cultural preservation.

TINJAUAN FIKIH TENTANG PENTINGNYA KALENDER DALAM IBADAH Khusurur, Misbah
Jurnal Al-Wasith : Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Al-Wasith: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Al Ghazali Cilacap

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52802/wst.v10i1.1732

The Hijri calendar plays a crucial role in Islam as it serves as the primary reference for determining worship times, such as prayer, fasting, zakat, and hajj. This study aims to examine the sharia basis for the use of the Hijri calendar, the views of scholars of interpretation and jurisprudence (fuqaha) regarding the function of the crescent moon, and the problematic differences in methods for determining the beginning of the Hijri month in Indonesia. The study employed a qualitative approach with a library study method through content analysis of primary sources in the form of the Qur'an, classical and modern tafsir books, and hisab and rukyat literature, along with secondary sources in the form of books and academic articles. The results of the study indicate that the determination of the beginning of the Hijri month is divided into three categories, namely shahr syar'i (based on ru'yatul hilāl or istikmāl),

The Hijriyah Calendar Perspective Islamic Law: What and How? Misbah Khusurur; Istikharoh Istikharoh; Muhammad Anis Afiqi; Muhajir Muhajir; Mickael Jordan Wirayudha
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 22 No. 001 (2023): Pena Justisia (Special Issue)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v22i3.3763

In various countries with a Muslim majority population, the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law has significant implications. This calendar affects legal practices such as the determination of the start of Ramadan, family law, prayer times, and religious celebrations. However, there are differing opinions and challenges in harmonizing Islamic legal provisions based on the Hijri calendar with national positive law. The purpose of this research is to identify the significance of using the Hijri calendar in the context of Islamic law and to understand how its use adapts to changes in time and globalization. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and the analysis of legal documents and legal literature to identify the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law. The data analysis technique used is a qualitative approach to answer research questions about the contribution of the Hijri calendar to Islamic law and its adaptation to changes in time and globalization. The results of the research show that the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law has significant impacts, including the determination of the start of Ramadan, influence on inheritance law, determination of prayer times, and commercial transactions. Furthermore, the Hijri calendar reflects the religious and cultural values in Muslim society, although there are challenges regarding the recognition of Islamic law in different legal contexts. This research highlights the importance of a thorough understanding of the use of the Hijri calendar in Islamic law. Additionally, the adaptation of the Hijri calendar to changes in time and globalization involves changes in determining the start of Ramadan, its use in civil law, adjustment to time zones, its role in international agreements, and dealing with conflicts with the Gregorian calendar

Dynamics of Mabims Criteria in Preliminary Determination of Kamariyah: Maqasid Syariah Analysis of Accuracy and Istbat Session Decisions Frangky Suleman; Misbah Khusurur; Bashori Alwi; Muhajir
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.6209

MABIMS is a method and concept in determining the initial Kamariyah and producing a decision, the Isbat session held by the Ministry of Religion plays an important role in this process where this paper will analyze the determination with a focus on the accuracy and decisions taken from the Isbat session, through the Maqasid as-Shariah approach. This research explores how the MABIMS criteria can fulfill Sharia objectives in maintaining the benefit of the people. This analysis includes an evaluation of the hisab and rukyat used, as well as their implications for the unity of Muslims in the Southeast Asia Region. The results of this research show that even though there are differences in views, the maqasid as-syariah approach can be a basis for reaching more accurate and widely accepted decisions. The method used in analyzing legally a determination made by the state, this approach is used that the initial determination of kamariyah in Indonesia is a complex process involving various aspects of law and regulation. So from the study it can be concluded that the policy of the state leader is something that has been thought about for the benefit of many people with the principle of fiqh rules, namely: tassharuf al-imam ala arra'iyyah manuthu bil mashlahah.

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