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All Journal Qadauna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam El-Iqtishady Iqtishaduna : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Andi Akmal
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Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Journal : El-Iqtishady

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ANALISIS HUKUM NIKAH MUT'AH DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASID SYARIAH: PRO DAN KONTRA DALAM KONTEKS INDONESIA Nursyamsi Ichsan; Andi Akmal
El-Iqthisadi Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Juni
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Uin Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/el-iqthisady.v7i1.58783

Abstract

Abstrak Nikah mut’ah, atau pernikahan sementara yang dibatasi oleh jangka waktu tertentu, merupakan isu kontroversial dalam diskursus hukum Islam dan praktik sosial kontemporer. Dalam sejarah hukum Islam, praktik ini sempat dibolehkan pada masa awal Islam dalam konteks darurat, namun kemudian diharamkan secara permanen oleh Rasulullah SAW berdasarkan hadis-hadis sahih. Meskipun mayoritas ulama Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah sepakat mengharamkannya, sebagian kalangan Syiah Imamiyah masih menganggapnya sah berdasarkan interpretasi atas ayat Al-Qur’an tertentu. Di Indonesia, nikah mut’ah tidak hanya tidak diakui dalam sistem hukum nasional, tetapi juga ditolak oleh otoritas keagamaan melalui fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) yang menyatakan keharamannya secara mutlak. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kedudukan nikah mut’ah dalam perspektif maqasid syariah serta implikasinya terhadap sistem hukum dan nilai sosial keindonesiaan. Pendekatan normatif dan sosiologis digunakan untuk menilai kesesuaian praktik ini dengan tujuan utama syariat Islam, yaitu menjaga keturunan (hifz al-nasl), kehormatan (hifz al-‘irdh), dan agama (hifz al-din). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nikah mut’ah bertentangan dengan prinsip maqasid syariah dan nilai-nilai hukum serta budaya di Indonesia, karena cenderung membuka celah eksploitasi terhadap perempuan, merusak struktur keluarga, serta menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum bagi anak yang dilahirkan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sinergi antara hukum agama dan hukum negara dalam memberikan kepastian hukum, perlindungan sosial, dan edukasi publik terkait institusi pernikahan yang sesuai dengan prinsip keadilan dan kemaslahatan. Kata kunci: nikah mut’ah, maqasid syariah, hukum Islam, hukum nasional, perlindungan perempuan, ketahanan keluarga.   Abstract Mut’ah marriage, or temporary marriage limited by a certain period of time, is a controversial issue in Islamic legal discourse and contemporary social practice. In the history of Islamic law, this practice was allowed in the early days of Islam in the context of emergency, but was later permanently forbidden by the Prophet Muhammad SAW based on authentic hadiths. Although the majority of Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah scholars agree that it is forbidden, some Shia Imamiyah groups still consider it valid based on interpretations of certain verses of the Qur’an. In Indonesia, mut’ah marriage is not only not recognized in the national legal system, but is also rejected by religious authorities through a fatwa from the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) which states that it is absolutely forbidden. This article aims to analyze the position of mut’ah marriage from the perspective of maqasid sharia and its implications for the legal system and social values ​​of Indonesia. Normative and sociological approaches are used to assess the suitability of this practice with the main objectives of Islamic law, namely preserving offspring (hifz al-nasl), honor (hifz al-‘irdh), and religion (hifz al-din). The results of the analysis show that mut’ah marriage is contrary to the principles of maqasid sharia and legal and cultural values ​​in Indonesia, because it tends to open up opportunities for exploitation of women, damage family structures, and create legal uncertainty for children born. Therefore, synergy is needed between religious law and state law in providing legal certainty, social protection, and public education related to the institution of marriage in accordance with the principles of justice and welfare. Keywords: mut’ah marriage, maqasid sharia, Islamic law, national law, protection of women, family resilience.
TEORI PEMBERLAKUAN HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA Umar Laila; Andi Akmal; Jamiat Akdol
El-Iqthisadi Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Uin Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/el-iqthisady.v7i2.58825

Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji “Teori Pemberlakuan Hukum Islam di Indonesia”, dengan fokus historis, teoretis, dan kontemporer. Pendekatan kualitatif kombinatif digunakan—menggabungkan analisis normatif-yuridis terhadap Al-Qur’an, Hadis, fatwa DSN‑MUI, Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI), dan qanun Aceh; komparatif antara teori kredo, receptio, dan eksistensi; serta empirik-sosiologis melalui wawancara dengan hakim agama, anggota tim penyusun KHI, dan praktisi hukum Islam. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa penerapan hukum Islam di Indonesia dipengaruhi secara simultan oleh kesepakatan individu Muslim (kredo), sejarah penerimaan masyarakat (receptio), serta keberlanjutan sosial-politik (eksistensi). Namun, pluralitas sistem hukum nasional, keragaman budaya, serta tantangan konstitusional dan HAM menuntut model pemberlakuan yang lebih adaptif dan integratif. Rekomendasi penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya harmonisasi norma, dialog lintas-agama, dan penguatan kerangka legal yang menghormati prinsip maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, agar hukum Islam dapat berfungsi secara efektif dan adil dalam kerangka negara plural. Kata kunci: Hukum Islam, pemberlakuan, teori kredo, receptio, eksistensi, pluralisme hukum, maqāṣid al‑syarī‘ah, Indonesia   Abstract This study examines the "Theory of Islamic Law Implementation in Indonesia", focusing on historical evolution, theoretical frameworks, and contemporary relevance. A qualitative mixed-methods approach was employed—normative-legal analysis of primary sources such as the Qur’an, Hadith, DSN-MUI fatwas, the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), and Aceh’s qanun; comparative analysis of the credal, receptio, and existence theories; and empirical-sociological research through interviews with religious court judges, members of the KHI drafting team, and Islamic legal practitioners. Findings indicate that Islamic law implementation in Indonesia is simultaneously shaped by individual affirmation (credal), communal acceptance (receptio), and socio-political continuity (existence). Nevertheless, the pluralistic legal system, cultural diversity, and constitutional and human rights challenges call for a more adaptive and integrative implementation model. This study recommends harmonizing norms, promoting interfaith dialogue, and strengthening legal frameworks that respect maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah principles, to enable effective and equitable functioning of Islamic law within a pluralist state. Keywords: Islamic law, law implementation, credal theory, receptio, existence theory, legal pluralism, maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah, Indonesia
Co-Authors Andi Anisa Faradilah Andi Takdir Djufri Hartini Tahir Jamiat Akadol Jamiat Akdol Muhammad Akmal Nasrah Hasmiati Attas Sabri Samin Umar Laila