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All Journal Biopropal Industri International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Berita Biologi
Hendris Hendarsyah Kurniawan, Hendris Hendarsyah
Research Center for Chemistry Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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KONVERSI LIMBAH TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT MENJADI GLUKOSA DENGAN PROSES HIDROTERMAL TANPA MELALUI PROSES PRETREATMENT - (Conversion of Waste Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches into Glucose using Hydrothermal Process without Pretreatment) Sarwono, Rakhman; Hariyanto, Arief; Puspitadewi, Rizka; Kurniawan, Hendris Hendarsyah; Fatah, Sulaiman
Biopropal Industri Vol 7, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (301.22 KB)

Abstract

Palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) is a waste from palm oil industry and commonly used as compost for soil breeding. EFB could be hydrolized into glucose using hydrothermal process with hydrochloric acid as catalyst.  Eight gram of EFB in particle sizes (–30+40) mesh were hydrolyzed with HCl 10% 80 mL in a tube reactor. Reaction time were 2, 3 and 4 hours in temperature range 140-240oC. EFB decomposition did not increase despite of higher temperature while reaction time influenced the process significantly. EFB conversion was 47% in 4 hours and 240oC while in 3 hours resulted 34% same with 2 hours in 210oC. EFB decomposition did not influence glucose yield which was 23% in 2 hours  170oC, 24% in 3 hours 160oC and 6% in 4 hours 150oC. The optimum conditions of conversion were 2 and 3 hours with temperature range 150-170oC.Keywords: conversion, EFB, glucose, hydrothermal, pretreatment ABSTRAKLimbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan hasil samping dari industri minyak sawit dan terdapat dalam jumlah banyak. Sampai saat ini belum termanfaatkan dengan baik, biasanya dipakai sebagai kompos untuk pemuliaan tanah perkebunan sawit. Persentase TKKS sebesar 23% dari tandan buah segar (TBS) dengan komponen utama berupa selulosa, hemi-selulosa dan lignin. TKKS bisa dihidrolisis menjadi gula atau glukosa dengan proses hidrotermal menggunakan katalis asam klorida. TKKS  seberat 8 g dengan ukuran partikel (–30+40) mesh dikonversi secara hidrotermal pada reaktor tabung dengan penambahan 80 ml HCl 10% sebagai katalis, waktu reaksi 2, 3 dan 4 jam, suhu reaksi dari 120–240oC. Proses peruraian TKKS tidak menunjukkan kenaikan yang berarti walaupun suhu reaksi semakin tinggi. Waktu reaksi memberi pengaruh yang lebih besar terhadap peruraian TKKS dimana peruraian paling tinggi sebesar 47% pada suhu 240oC dan waktu reaksi 4 jam. Pada waktu reaksi 3 jam dihasilkan peruraian TKKS paling tinggi sebesar 34%, sama dengan hasil pada waktu 2 jam dan suhu 210oC.  Glukosa yang dihasilkan tidak seiring dengan TKKS yang terurai. Pada waktu reaksi 2 jam dan suhu reaksi 170oC dihasilkan glukosa sebesar 23% sedangkan pada waktu reaksi 3 jam dengan suhu reaksi 160oC dihasilkan glukosa paling tinggi 24% dan pada waktu reaksi 4 jam dengan suhu 150oC dihasilkan glukosa sebesar 6%. Kondisi terbaik untuk mendapatkan jumlah glukosa paling banyak yaitu pada waktu reaksi antara 2 dan 3 jam dengan suhu antara 150 dan 170oC.Kata kunci: glukosa, hidrotermal, konversi, pretreatment, TKKS
Bio-briquettes from tea fluff biochar: a response surface methodology study on particle size, resin gum-adhesive, and used cooking oil immersion time Suryajaya, Suryajaya; Agustian, Egi; Haryanti, Ninis Hadi; Prasetia, Hafiizh; Rahmah, Siti; Kurniawan, Hendris Hendarsyah; Wianto, Totok; Ramadhoni, Benni F; Manik, Tetti Novalina; Annisa, Nova; Rezamela, Erdiansyah; Sulaswatty, Anny
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 14, No 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2025.60877

Abstract

Fluff tea is the residual solid waste generated in the green tea industry and holds the potential for development as a solid fuel in bio-briquettes. This study transformed fluff tea into bio-briquettes utilizing biochar produced through slow pyrolysis. The study aimed to optimize bio-briquettes production from fluff tea using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach through proximate analysis. The cylindrical bio-briquettes were produced using biochar particle sizes of 850, 500, and 150 μm, resin gum adhesive concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%, and immersion times in cooking oil of 0, 3, and 6 minutes. The results showed that the overall response by the p-value was <0.05, and the lack of fit was insignificant (p-value >0.05). The findings indicated that the calorific value of tea fluff rose from 4,482.56 cal/g to 6,374.98 cal/g after conversion to biochar. The optimum conditions for producing tea fluff bio-briquettes were a particle size of 850 μm, adhesive concentration of 11%, and immersion time of 5 minutes. The bio-briquettes exhibited a moisture content of 3.53%, ash content of 5.65%, volatile matter of 14.75%, fixed carbon of 76.14%, calorific value of 7,796.37 cal/g, combustion rate of 0.11 g/min, density of 1.22 g/cm3, and compressive strength of 35.57 N/cm2. Most tea fluff briquettes' properties had met Indonesia's briquettes standard. The production of bio-briquettes from tea fluff waste is a viable alternative fuel for both industrial and domestic applications.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF APIGENIN, A FLAVONOID COMPOUND FROM MACARANGA HYPOLEUCA (REICHB.F. & ZOLL.) Aisya, Sitti; Megawati, Megawati; Ariani, Novita; Sukirno, Sukirno; Minarti, Minarti; Kurniawan, Hendris Hendarsyah; Hidayat, Arief; Hendra, Medi; Primahana, Gian; Darmawan, Akhmad
Berita Biologi Vol 23 No 1 (2024): Berita Biologi
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/beritabiologi.2024.3242

Abstract

The study on Macarang hypolueca (Reichb.f. & Zoll.), which was collected from secondary forests around Samarinda City, East Kalimantan, involved phytochemical investigations that led to the isolation of a flavone type compound of flavonoid from the ethyl acetate fraction. To separate the compounds, silica gel column chromatography was utilized with a gradient solvent system of n-hexane and ethyl acetate, along with the addition of 5%. Infrared analysis (FTIR), mass spectrum (LC-ESI-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (1D- and 2D-NMR) were used to identify and elucidate the structure. Based on spectroscopic data and comparison with appropriate references, the isolated compound was identified as apigenin
Co-Authors Aisya, Sitti Akhmad Darmawan Anny Sulaswatty, Anny Ariani, Novita Arief Hariyanto Arief Hidayat Egi Agustian Erdiansyah Rezamela, Erdiansyah Fatah Sulaiman Hafiizh Prasetia, Hafiizh Manik, Tetti Novalina Medi Hendra, Medi Megawati - Minarti Minarti Ninis Hadi Haryanti, Ninis Hadi Nova Annisa, Nova Primahana, Gian Rakhman Sarwono Ramadhoni, Benni F Rizka Puspitadewi, Rizka Sembiring, Rinawati Sukirno Sukirno Suryajaya Suryajaya, Suryajaya Totok Wianto