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All Journal Jurnal Cita Hukum Jurnal Yuridis JISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan KRTHA BHAYANGKARA Indonesian Journal of International Law Journal Evidence Of Law Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan LAWPASS
Sonyendah Retnaningsih, Sonyendah
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Small Claims Court Mechanism in Business Dispute Resolution as an Attempt to Apply Fast-Track Basis in the District Courts and its Comparison with Some Countries Retnaningsih, Sonyendah; Velentina, Rouli Anita
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The implementation of Small Claims court mechanism according to Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) Number 2/2015 concerning Procedures for Small-Claims Court Resolution recently granted a breakthrough in the civil justice system particularly in Indonesia. It was reached by the Supreme Court in order to reduce the court burden against cases with disputes below IDR 200 million rupiah. The disputes resolution by Small Claims court mechanism is done by a single judge assisted with registrar and must completed within 25 working days, the final decision is binding, thus unable to ask for appeal or judicial review. This article tries to comprehend dispute resolution through Small Claims mechanism in several state courts, such as Medan district Court, Palu, and the Jember. The study, also aims to comprehend the comparison of Small Claims mechanism in Indonesia and small claims in the Netherlands and UK in business disputes resolution. The study employs a normative juridical method. Based on the studies, the implementation through Small Claims court mechanism in Indonesia has been carried out in accordance with the Supreme Court Regulation Number 2/2015. Comparison on business dispute resolution using Small Claims court mechanism in Indonesia and in Netherlands and UK proof that the proof mechanisms whether in Indonesia, Netherlands and United Kingdom relatively simple. Legal remedies for Small Claims decision in Indonesia and the verdict in the Netherlands and in England are limited. The distinction is that the case number in Indonesia is higher than the number in the Netherlands and England.
PELAKSANAAN E-COURT MENURUT PERMA NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG ADMINISTRASI PERKARA DI PENGADILAN SECARA ELEKTRONIK DAN E-LITIGATION MENURUT PERMA NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2019 TENTANG ADMINISTRASI PERKARA DAN PERSIDANGAN DI PENGADILAN SECARA ELEKTRONIK (STUDI DI PENGADILAN NEGERI DI INDONESIA) Retnaningsih, Sonyendah; Nasution, Disriani Latifah Soroinda; Velentina, Rouli Anita; Manthovani, Kelly
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The process of resolving cases at a trial is not always carried out conventionally ie the parties come directly to the trial but can be done online. This is marked by the launch of the e-court application on July 13, 2018. With the launch of the e-court application, the Supreme Court has moved towards electronic justice which will fundamentally change the practice of litigation services in the courts. Since the issuance of Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2019 concerning Administrative of Cases and Trials in Electronic Courts on August 19, 2019, the Supreme Court Regulation No. 3 of 2018 concerning Administration of Cases in Electronic Courts was declared revoked and no longer valid. This PERMA Number 1 of 2019 perfected PERMA Number 3 of 2018 so that now not only case registration can be done online or known as e-court but the trial can also be conducted electronically namely e-litigation.
Perlindungan Hukum Atas Perbuatan Hukum Rekayasa Menganeksasi Tanah Sengketa Zahra, Siti Athirah; Retnaningsih, Sonyendah
JISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan Vol 6, No 2 (2022): JISIP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58258/jisip.v6i2.3209

Abstract

Land Registration is an intended activity to provide guarantees of legal certainty of land rights in the form of land rights certificates, but at the process to registrate of land there is some obstacle because there people who do not materially do annexation the land. The purpose of this study is to determine the legal protection for holders of Kohir which yet become certificate of land because of annexation of the land. The form of usurpation of land ownership rights. The approach method used is normative juridical. The result showed the act of annexation of land was an unlawful act against the law, contained in article 1365 code of Civil Law.
Violation of the Obligation to Use Indonesian Language in International Business Contracts Involving Foreign Legal Entities as Parties under Indonesian Law Retnaningsih, Sonyendah; Rizqi Alfarizi Ramadhan, Muhammad; Akkapin, Supaphorn
LAW & PASS: International Journal of Law, Public Administration and Social Studies Vol. 1 No. 5 (2024): December
Publisher : PT. Multidisciplinary Press Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/lawpass.v1i5.47

Abstract

The Indonesian language is the official national language, required for use in all official state documents in Indonesia, as stated in Law No. 24 of 2009 on the National Flag, Language, Emblem, and Anthem. Article 31, paragraph (1) mandates the use of Indonesian in memorandums of understanding (MoUs) or agreements between state organizations, Indonesian government agencies, and private entities. When a foreign party is involved, Article 31, paragraph (2) requires the agreement to be in both Indonesian and the foreign language or English. Presidential Regulation No. 63 of 2019 also emphasizes the use of Indonesian in agreements, allowing foreign languages only as translations to ensure mutual understanding. However, the Supreme Court Circular Letter No. 3 of 2023 complicates this by stating that Indonesian private institutions or individuals cannot cancel agreements made in a foreign language without an Indonesian translation, unless bad faith is proven. This creates inconsistency with the regulations. This research examines two main issues: first, the synchronization of regulations regarding the use of Indonesian in agreements with foreign parties, and second, the legal consequences of agreements that do not use Indonesian. The research uses doctrinal and descriptive methods, with qualitative analysis of secondary data, concluding that agreements not in Indonesian are legally void and may be annulled by the courts.
Fulfillment of Simple Proof Requirements on Bankruptcy Application Based on Sema Number 03 of 2023 Widhayaka, Unggul Wibawa; Retnaningsih, Sonyendah; Ramadhan, Muhammad Rizqi Alfarizi
KRTHA BHAYANGKARA Vol. 19 No. 1 (2025): KRTHA BHAYANGKARA: APRIL 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/krtha.v19i1.3784

Abstract

The Supreme Court has issued Circular Letter Number (SEMA) 3 of 2023 which stipulates that simple proof cannot be applied in bankruptcy against apartment and/or flat developers. The circular is predicted to protect consumer interests and eliminate legal remedies in the form of bankruptcy applications to the commercial court, so that they must be submitted as lawsuits to the district court. The circular is not in accordance with the principle of integration in Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (KPKPU Law). The KPKPU Law has clearly defined the matter of simple proof, and does not provide special protection for apartment and/or flat developers. Normative research is carried out with doctrinal research and tests the level of synchronization of regulations. The research is evaluative, examining cases that have occurred, based on comparative law. From this study it is concluded that proof is categorized as simple if there is a debt that is due and unpaid and there are two or more creditors. The requirement for simple proof does not consider the complexity of its impact on consumers. SEMA is a policy regulation, so if it conflicts with the regulations above it, the principle of lex superior derogat legi inferiori will apply. SEMA 03 of 2023 cannot change the provisions of the law, so simple proof can still be implemented against apartment developers. SEMA 03 of 2023 is not in line with the KPKPU Law so that by law it should be cancelled.
Utilization of Artificial Intelligence in Drafting Judges' Decisions in Commercial Courts Widhayaka, Unggul Wibawa; Hamid, Adnan; Retnaningsih, Sonyendah
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Spring Edition
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v13i1.46677

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is experiencing rapid development due to advances in communication and information technology. AI is designed to create computer systems that can mimic human intellectual capabilities. Optimizing the increasingly widespread use of AI to meet societal needs has also penetrated the legal world. AI plays a significant role in the judicial process, given the increasing burden of trials and efforts to achieve speedy, simple, and low-cost justice. In line with its rapid development, it is necessary to ascertain the legal standing of AI and its role in formulating judicial decisions in courts, particularly in commercial courts. The research in this article uses a normative approach, examining applicable legal norms through dogmatic or doctrinal research. The research approach is conceptual. A literature review was conducted by analyzing previous research in the form of scientific articles, laws and regulations, and mass media related to the discussion. From this research, it can be concluded that the position of AI can be interpreted as that of a child and a parent, as subjects of civil law, who have control, as stipulated in the in loco parentis doctrine. With this doctrine, the use of artificial intelligence prioritizes human responsibility without limiting technological development. Commercial court judges apply straightforward evidentiary procedures, eliminating the need for artificial intelligence assistance in deciding bankruptcy cases. Artificial intelligence remains necessary in commercial courts, limited to the administrative scope of bankruptcy cases.
Legal Reconstruction of the Position of Tax Courts Following the Issue of Constitutional Court Decisions No. 26/PUU-XXI/2023 Wenceslaus, Wenceslaus; Surono, Agus; Hamid , Adnan; Retnaningsih, Sonyendah; Teepapal , Tanawat
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Desember)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i3.1711

Abstract

As stated in Article 1(8) of the Judicial Power Act, tax courts are special courts under the Supreme Court and part of the judicial branch. According to Article 1(5) of the Tax Court Law, tax disputes are those arising in the field of taxation between taxpayers and authorized officials as a result of a decision that can be appealed or challenged in the Tax Court, in accordance with tax laws and regulations. This includes lawsuits regarding the enforcement of tax collection based on the Tax Collection Act with a Summons. Law No. 17 of 1997 on Tax Collection by Means of a Forced Execution Letter regulates tax disputes arising from tax collection actions by officials that do not comply with legal procedures, causing taxpayers to feel aggrieved. Constitutional Court Decision No. 26/PUU-XXI/2023 is based on Article 24(1) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which states that the Supreme Court and the courts under its authority exercise judicial power. The decision reaffirms that the Tax Court is part of the judicial power and that the Supreme Court must supervise it. Constitutional Court Decision No. 26/PUU-XXI/2023 aims to enhance the Tax Court's independence. Transferring the authority for the organization, administration, and finance of the Tax Court from the Ministry of Finance to the Supreme Court is expected to achieve this goal. Prior to the decision, the Tax Court was under the Supreme Court within the Administrative Court System. The Tax Court was also under the Ministry of Finance in terms of organizational, administrative, and financial supervision in accordance with Article 5(2) of Law No. 14 of 2002 on the Tax Court. However, the arrangement of the status of tax courts following the issuance of Constitutional Court Decision No. 26/PUU-XXI/2023 has raised the issue that the decision does not automatically amend the provisions of Law No. 14 of 2002 on Tax Courts, particularly Article 5(2). According to Constitutional Court Decision No. 26/PUU-XXI/2023, the Supreme Court is responsible for supervising the organization, administration, and finances of the Tax Courts. However, Article 5(2) of Law No. 14 of 2002 of the Republic of Indonesia on Tax Courts grants the Ministry of Finance the authority to supervise the organization, administration, and finances of the Tax Courts. These conflicting provisions result in the loss of the Tax Court's status as an independent judicial institution.
PERTIMBANGAN HUKUM DALAM PERKARA BANTAHAN (DERDEN VERZET) ATAS SENGKETA TANAH MENURUT SURAT EDARAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2018 Retnaningsih, Sonyendah; Suherman; Setyono, Yoni Agus; Ramadhan, Muhammad Rizqi Alfarizi
Jurnal Yuridis Vol 11 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Yuridis
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35586/jyur.v11i1.7743

Abstract

Derden Verzet adalah upaya hukum luar biasa untuk melawan keputusan hakim yang merugikan seseorang. Perlawanan pihak ketiga diatur dalam Pasal 195 ayat (6) dan (7) HIR, atau Pasal 206 ayat (6) RBG. Pasal 195 ayat (6) HIR. Perlawanan pihak ketiga terhadap penyitaan eksekutorial hanya dapat dilakukan setelah ada putusan yang memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap. Pada prinsipnya, perlawanan yang diajukan oleh pihak ketiga terhadap penyitaan eksekutorial tidak menghentikan eksekusi. Dalam hal ini, pihak ketiga harus dapat membuktikan bahwa dia adalah pemilik dari barang yang disita. Selain itu, penentang harus benar-benar memiliki kepentingan untuk meminta pengangkatan penyitaan eksekusi tersebut karena telah merugikan haknya. Jika pihak ketiga dapat membuktikan bahwa barang tersebut adalah miliknya dan bukan milik tergugat, maka penentang harus diakui sebagai penentang yang jujur, dan perintah penyitaan harus dicabut. Dengan demikian, putusan mengenai perlawanan pihak ketiga terhadap penyitaan eksekusi hanya berhubungan dengan pencabutan penyitaan eksekusi atas barang milik pihak ketiga dan tidak memutuskan hak kepemilikan tanah. Namun, dalam prakteknya, terdapat keputusan-keputusan mengenai Derden Verzet yang memutuskan mengenai kepemilikan hak atas tanah yang dipersengketakan. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah hukum dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi karena bantahan atau perlawanan pihak ketiga terhadap keputusan eksekusi hanya berhubungan dengan pencabutan penyitaan eksekusi atas barang milik pihak ketiga.
Co-Authors Adnan Hamid Agus Surono Akkapin, Supaphorn Hamid , Adnan Manthovani, Kelly Nasution, Disriani Latifah Soroinda Ramadhan, Muhammad Rizqi Alfarizi Rizqi Alfarizi Ramadhan, Muhammad Setyono, Yoni Agus Suherman Teepapal , Tanawat Velentina, Rouli Anita Wenceslaus, Wenceslaus Widhayaka, Unggul Wibawa Zahra, Siti Athirah