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All Journal Factum: Jurnal Sejarah dan Pendidikan Sejarah Mimbar Pendidikan: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan Jurnal Sejarah SOSIOHUMANIKA EDUCARE Tawarikh : Journal of Historical Studies ATIKAN SUSURGALUR SIPATAHOENAN INSANCITA Jurnal Paedagogy
Andi Suwirta, Andi
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Journal : Tawarikh : Journal of Historical Studies

 1 
From Bullet to the Ballot: A Case Study of the East Timor’s Referendum as Viewed by Newspapers of Kompas and Republika in Jakarta Nurjaman, Nurjaman; Suwirta, Andi; Kamsori, Moch Eryk
TAWARIKH Vol 4, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT: The conflicts occured in East Timor, since it integrated with Indonesia in 1976, could be described as a conflict between Indonesian government and pro-independence group in one side; and in other side, a conflict between pro-integration and pro-independence groups. Meanwhile, such conflicts ended with referendum option in 1999, so that it could be described as conflict resolution through the mechanism of “from bullet to the ballot”. This paper studied the policy of Indonesian governemnt, under the rule of President B.J. Habibie, giving special autonomy option or independence to East Timor as noted in two newspapers’ views in Jakarta, namely “Kompas” and “Republika”. Such two newspapers had different ways in viewing every political events in East Timor. “Kompas”, which initially supported, then tried to keep at a distance to government and became critical to the government. It was different with “Republika” which was still consistent to support every Indonesian government policy under the rule of President B.J. Habibie.KEY WORDS: Conflict and integration, Indonesian government, East Timor, referendum, and the mass media views.     About the Authors: Nurjaman, S.Pd. is an Alumnus of History Education Department, Faculty of Social Studies Education UPI (Indonesia University of Education), Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi No.229 Bandung 40514, West Java, Indonesia. Andi Suwirta, M.Hum. and Moch Eryk Kamsori, S.Pd. are the Lecturers at the Department of History Education UPI. They can be contacted via e-mail at: zamenisme21@gmail.com dan atriwusidna@gmail.comHow to cite this article? Nurjaman, Andi Suwirta & Moch Eryk Kamsori. (2012). “From Bullet to the Ballot: A Case Study of the East Timor’s Referendum as Viewed by Newspapers of Kompas and Republika in Jakarta” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.4(1) October, pp.103-122. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia] and UVRI [Universitas Veteran Republik Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (August 22, 2012); Revised (September 24, 2012); and Published (October 28, 2012).
Inggit Garnasih, Soekarno and the Age of Motion in Indonesia Suwirta, Andi
TAWARIKH Vol 1, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT: It seemed relevant to discuss the role and figure of strong, tough and faithful woman in accompanying his husband’s struggle to realize his social aspiration. Such a woman figure was Inggit Garnasih, Soekarno’s wife since the period of national movement in Indonesia (1923-1943). In this context, it seemed relevant talking about the services of Inggit Garnasih not based on herself but according to other’s acknowledgement closely related with her. The other whom I meant was Soekarno, as her husband, as had been stated in his autobiography and other reviewer of Soeakrno’s biography, especially when it was related to his relationship with Inggit Garnasih. However, Inggit Garnasih did not only encourage her husband to complete his study in THS Bandung but she was also faithful to accompany her husband – in happiness and sorrow – in national movement struggle. Finally, one of statements for reflecting here is that the Republic of Indonesia’s government should give fair honor to Inggit Garnasih for her services in the age of motion in Indonesia with Soekarno’s idependence struggle. KEY WORDS: Inggit Garnasih’s roles, Soekarno’s struggle, the age of motion, and Indonesia’s independent.About the Author: Andi Suwirta, M.Hum. is a Lecturer at the Department of History Education, Faculty of Social Studies Education UPI (Indonesia University of Education) in Bandung; and Editor-in-Chief of EDUCARE: International Journal for Educational Studies in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. He can be reached at: andisuwirta@yahoo.com or atriwusidna@gmail.comHow to cite this article? Suwirta, Andi. (2009). “Inggit Garnasih, Soekarno and the Age of Motion in Indonesia” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.1(1) October, pp.71-82. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (August 19, 2009); Revised (September 19, 2009); and Published (October 28, 2009).
Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria: A Need for True Federalism Wani, Hilal Ahmad; Suwirta, Andi
TAWARIKH Vol 5, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : ASPENSI in Bandung, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT: Nigeria is one of the major democracies in African continent. It is a multi-cultural and multi-ethnic society. There are different identities and segments in this society. To call it a diversified society would not be wrong, a society with different religions, cultures, and languages. Ethnicity is generally regarded as the most basic and politically salient identity in Nigeria. This paper is a new attempt to relook the significance and relevance of true federalism in Nigeria. To examine how far the State machinery and political institutions had been successful in accommodating different interests of various identities. Major democracies are based on the rule of law and protection of human rights that should be taken into consideration at the first level. Only true federalism and decentralization is a way forward to create balance and accommodation among different identities in Nigerian society. Nigeria needs good institution which could be successful in maintaining good governance. Therefore, dysfunctional political system reform and restructuring for maintaining social justice with all without any discrimination. A true federalism and true democracy can be used as a real panacea of ethnic conflict. In summation, it can be said that shaping and sharing of powers could be also better option for creating a peaceful and prosperous in Nigeria.KEY WORDS: Ethnic conflict, federalism, true democracy, decentralization, national integration, and peaceful and prosperous in Nigeria.  About the Authors: Dr. Hilal Ahmad Wani is a Research Fellow at the Centre for Civilizational Dialogue UM (University of Malaya), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; and Andi Suwirta, M.Hum. is a Senior Lecturer at the Faculty of Social Studies Education UPI (Indonesia University of Education) in Bandung, Indonesia. The authors can be contacted via their a-mail at: wanihilal@gmail.com and atriwusidna@gmail.comHow to cite this article? Wani, Hilal Ahmad & Andi Suwirta. (2013). “Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria: A Need for True Federalism” in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol.5(1) October, pp.57-70. Bandung, Indonesia: ASPENSI [Asosiasi Sarjana Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia] and UVRI [Universitas Veteran Republik Indonesia], ISSN 2085-0980.Chronicle of the article: Accepted (August 17, 2013); Revised (September 20, 2013); and Published (October 28, 2013).  
Co-Authors Abidin, Norhasni Zainal Aditya, Andhika Affero Ismail, Affero Al-Muchtar, Suwarma Arlin Adam, Arlin Dinn Wahyudin, Dinn Encep Supriatna Fayeye, Joseph Fayeye, Joseph Hafiez, Muhammad Ryan Iriyadi, Achmad Iyep Candra Hermawan Joko Purwanto Kamsori, Moch Eryk Kamsori, Moch Eryk Kokom Komalasari Kurniawan, Mi’raj Dodi Mail, Haji Awang Asbol bin Haji Mbura, Ewilensia Magdalen Mi’raj Dodi Kurniawan, Mi’raj Dodi Norhasni Zainal Abiddin, Norhasni Zainal Nurjaman Nurjaman, Nurjaman Rizkiah, Nisa Rosdianti, Sri Redjeki Rosdianti, Sri Redjeki Saripudin, Didin Subandowo, M Syaelendra, Rangga Tan, Rohana Wani, Hilal Ahmad Wani, Hilal Ahmad Wani, Hilal Ahmad Wani, Hilal Ahmad Wawan Darmawan Yulifar, Leli