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All Journal LaGeografiA UNM Geographic Journal Jurnal Environmental Science Journal Of Sustainability Perspectives Journal of Sustainability Perspectives
Ibrahim Abbas, Ibrahim
Universitas Negeri Makassar
Humanities Astronomy Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Engineering Environmental Science Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Qualitative Assessment of Domestic Water Supply in the Major Districts of Karachi City for a Sustainable Urban Water Quality Management Qureshi, Haris Uddin; Abbas, Ibrahim; Shah, Syed Muzzamil Hussain; Kandhro, Muhammad Asim; Teo, Fang Yenn
Journal of Sustainability Perspectives Vol 5, No 1: June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jsp.2025.23837

Abstract

The rising population, changing climate patterns and land use changes have emerged to be a serious consequence for the freshwater resources across the globe. Apart from water quantity, the water quality also holds a significant importance for the human health and the overall ecosystem. Due to the high population growth, massive migrations, and greater anthropogenic activities, the urban centers of the developing and underdeveloped countries are highly susceptible to water quality deterioration and waterborne diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the water quality of domestic water supply in the three (03) major and highly populated districts of Karachi city of Pakistan including District Central, South, and East, receiving water from Keenjhar Lake via COD treatment plant. The physical test results showed higher turbidity levels (6.33 NTU) in Dhoraji (District East), 5.9 NTU in Boat Basin (District South), and 7.58 NTU in COD influent. Chemically, all samples showed satisfactory results as per the WHO guidelines. However, the biological water quality analysis showed significant presence of bacterial content (E-Coli and Total Coliform) in all collected samples. Conclusively, the treatment efficiency of COD treatment plant was found to be satisfactory and the contamination was mainly found due to the sewage and fecal mixing, presence of mud and silt in conduits, and leakage of sewage from the waste water pipes into the domestic water supply. The presence of harmful biological contaminants found in water is alarming, as it may consequentially lead to Diarrhea, vomiting, Typhoid, Cholera, and Jaundice. Thus, the research outcomes clearly unearthed the existing water quality of the mega city and would significantly serve to formulate well-integrated and holistic source water protection practices and to take effective measures for sustainable water quality management.
Co-Authors Amal Arfan, Amal Ekaprativi, Alifaturrizqi Swari Erman Syarif Hohoba, Bertus Ichsan Invanni Baharuddin Kandhro, Muhammad Asim Khalijah, Siti Lisman, Lisman Muhamad Ihsan Azhim, Muhamad Ihsan Muhammad Nur Zakariah Leo, Muhammad Nur Zakariah Mulqy, Muhammad Maliqul Nasiah Badwi Nurul fadillah, Nurul Qureshi, Haris Uddin Rosmini Maru Saputra, Indrikal Shah, Syed Muzzamil Hussain Sulaiman Zhiddiq, Sulaiman Suprapta Suprapta, Suprapta Teo, Fang Yenn