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PERBANDINGAN RESPONS SPEKTRUM TANAH HIPOTESA DENGAN RESPON SPEKTRUM RSNI 03-1726-201X KOTA SEMARANG Effendi, Mahmud Kori
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 13, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Nonlinear response analysis of soil in Semarang city is needed currently. There is change in earthquake map in Indonesian Building code from Earthquake with 500 years return period to 2500 years return period. The earthquake records in Indonesia are rare. In this paper Taft earthquake record is used. The calculation of nonlinear response of soil properties was done by finite difference analysis. Viscoelastic, elastoplastic constitutive relations are introduced and the need for using hyperbolic models are mentioned here, nonlinearity is treated by selecting strain compatible soil properties such as shear stiffness and viscous coefficient. Stepwise material properties are taken as the instantaneous slope and assumed to be constant within the given time interval. Case study is hypothesized site in Erdik (1982). The nonlinear analysis is compared with RSNI 03-1726-201X response spectrum for Semarang city. From graphic shown that for period less than 1 sec the response is below of the RSNI 03-1726-201X but for period more than 1 sec the response is more than of RSNI 03-1726-201X.Analisis respon nonlinear tanah pada kota Semarang saat ini sangat diperlukan. Perubahan peta gempa di peraturan bangunan Indonesia dari peta gempa dengan kala ulang 500 tahun menjadi 2500 tahun mengakibatkan terjadi perubahan pada bentuk respon spektrum. Data rekaman gempa bumi di Indonesia sangat sulit didapatkan. Pada tulisan ini dipakai rekaman dari gempa bumi Taft.Perhitungan respon dinamis nonlinier tanah ditunjukkan dengan menggunakan formulasi beda hingga. Viskoelastik, hubungan konstitutif elastoplastic diperkenalkan dan penggunaan model hiperbolik disebutkan di sini, nonlinier diperlakukan dengan memilih sifat regangan tanah yang kompatibel seperti kekakuan geser dan koefisien kekentalan. Sifat material  tahap demi tahap diambil sebagai kemiringan seketika dan diasumsikan konstan dalam interval waktu tertentu. Untuk studi kasus ini parameter tanah menggunakan data dari Erdik (1982). Hasil dari analisis nonlinear tanah dibandingkan dengan respon spectrum dari RSNI 03-1726-201X untuk kota Semarang. Pada grafik terlihat bahwa respon spectrum analisis terletak dibawah dari grafik respon spectrum RSNI 03-1726-201X. Tetapi pada periode lebih besar dari 1 detik terletak diatas respon spectrum RSNI 03-1726-201X.
PERILAKU LENTUR BALOK-L BETON BERTULANG BERLUBANG DITINJAU SECARA EKSPERIMEN DAN ANALISIS NUMERIK MEMAKAI SOFTWARE GID-ATENA Kori Effendi, Mahmud
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 12, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Abstract:.Investigation on behavior of openings-beam reinforced concrete with the variation type of sided  is  conducted  experimentally  and  numerical  analytically  using  GID-ATENA  software.  Used specimens  were  reinforced  concrete  L-shaped  beam  designed  with  ultimate  load  2600  N  and having tension reinforcement 2D13 with roll and hinge support. Beam had 2 m span, 150 mm web width, 250 mm high, effective 317 mm width and slab 100 mm  thick,. To differentiate behavior of openings, a specimen without openings ( BLK01), a specimen with openings 100 mm x 100 mm ( BLKLB01), a specimen with openings 200 mm x 100 mm ( BLKLB02) were made. An opening was 150 mm  from  right support. Pure moment was done with  load 650 mm  from support. To compare experiment,  3D  model  GID-ATENA  was  analyzed.  The  material  model  of  concrete  was CCCOMBINEDMATERIAL  and  CC1DELASTLSOTROPIC  for  reinforcement.  This  analysis  used geometric  and material  non  linear  analyses.Result  of GID-ATENA  analysis  indicate  that  the  first crack load were less than 42-62 %, ultimate load were less than 33-47%, mid-span displacement at first crack load were less than 55-86%, and mid-span displacement at ultimate load were less than 45-70% compared  to  the experiment  result. First crack pattern of BLK01 occured  in  the mid-span while  BLKLB01  and  BLKLB02  occurred  below  the  hole. Result  of  analysis GID-ATENA  get  the different result of its first crack pattern. Keywords: openings-beam, L-shaped beam, GID-ATENA   Abstrak:  Pengamatan  perilaku  balok  beton  bertulang  berlubang  di  badan  dengan  variasi  entuk persegi panjang   dilakukan  secara eksperimen. Benda  uji  yang digunakan adalah  balok  L  beton bertulang  yang  dirancang  dengan  beban  2600  N  dan  menghasilkan  tulangan  tunggal  2D13 dengan  tumpuan sendi dan  rol. Balok mempunyai bentang 2 m,  lebar web 150 mm,  tinggi 250 mm, tebal slab 100 mm, lebar efektif 317 mm. Untuk mengetahui perilaku lubang di badan maka dibuat  benda  uji  balok  tanpa  lubang  (BLK01),  balok  dengan  lubang  100  mm  x  100  mm (BLKLB01),  balok  dengan  lubang  200 mm  x  100 mm  (BLKLB02).  Jarak  lubang  150 mm  dari tumpuan kanan. Masing2 benda uji 1 buah. Untuk mengetahui kapasitas beban maksimum yang ditahan  balok,  balok  dites  lentur murni  dengan  jarak  beban  titik  650 mm  dari  tumpuan.  Hasil analisis GID-ATENA menunjukkan bahwa beban retak balok pertama lebih kecil 42-62 %, beban ultimit balok lebih kecil 33-47%, lendutan tengah bentang pada beban retak pertama lebih kecil 55-86%,  dan  lendutan  tengah  bentang  pada  beban  ultimit  lebih  kecil  45-70%  terhadap  hasil eksperimen. Pola retak pertama balok BLK01 terjadi di tengah bentang sedangkan BLKLB01 dan BLKLB02  terjadi di bawah  lubang. Hasil analisis GID-ATENA mendapatkan hasil yang berbeda pola retak pertamanya. Kata Kunci: Balok lubang, Balok L, GID-ATENA
PENGARUH MODEL DAN SIFAT MATERIAL PADA ANALISIS METODE ELEMEN HINGGA BALOK TABUNG BAJA BUNDAR DIIISI BETON Effendi, Mahmud Kori
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 19, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v19i2.8785

Abstract

The composite material concrete filled steel tubes, CFST) begin widely recommended in modern structural projects. This material is made of steel tubes filled with concrete. This CFST structure has better ductility than the conventional structure. The three-dimensional finite element modelby means of MSC Marc Mentat software is done by using non-linear material properties for both the steel and concrete. The non-linear geometry is also considered. The results of the finite element analysis method are then compared with experimental results of circular steel tubes filled with concrete. The results of this analysis for both load-deflection and collapse conditions are quite agree with the experimental results. However, the buckling phenomena cannot be modeled in the analysis of the finite element method. The effect of finite element model, which is half span and a quarter of half span, is investigated. The results of this analysis are similar to the results of full-scale analysis. There is plastic hinge in the middle of the beam span. The influence of the material properties of linear and non-linear geometric properties are also investigated. The the plastic hinge did not occur in the middle of beam span.
Seismic Behavior of Tunnel Form Building under Lateral Cyclic Loading Abdul Hamid, Nor Hayati; Anuar, Shamilah; Awang, Haryati; Effendi, Mahmud Kori
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (714.445 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2018.50.2.5

Abstract

A three-story single-unit tunnel form building (TFB) was designed using a non-seismic code of practice (BS 8110). Two one-third scale test models were constructed and tested under in-plane lateral cyclic loading and out-of-plane lateral cyclic loading, respectively. The specimens were tested at ±0.01%, ±0.1%, ±0.25%, ±0.5%, ±0.75%, ±1.0%, ±1.25%, ±1.5%, ±1.75% ±1.8, ±1.9% and ±2% drifts, after which severe cracks were observed on the wall-slab joints and wall panels. Subsequently, the damaged specimens were repaired and retrofitted by wrapping carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) around the damaged walls and affixing steel plates and steel angles at the wall-slab joints using several different repair and retrofitting schemes. The repaired specimens were retested using the same drifts. The comparison of the seismic behavior between unrepaired and repaired specimens was made based on visual observation of damage, hysteresis loops, lateral strength capacity, stiffness, ductility, and equivalent viscous damping. The experimental results showed that the repaired specimens were improved in terms of damage, lateral strength capacity, stiffness, ductility, and equivalent viscous damping. It is recommended to strengthen and rehabilitate tunnel form buildings after an earthquake using CFRP, additional shear walls, steel plates and steel angles.
Analysis of Strengths of Reinforced Concrete Beam Structures with CFRP Sheet Using Abaqus Software 6.14 Yasir, Ahmad; Effendi, Mahmud Kori; Taveriyanto, Arie; Apriyatno, Henry
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 21, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Teknik SIpil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v21i1.19364

Abstract

Abstract. Concrete beams are parts of a structure that serves as a channeling moment to the column structure. The structure of the beam which has undergone yielding reinforcement must be repaired. One of the beam repairs that can be done is by providing reinforcement using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheets. The reinforcement structure modeling and analysis were carried out using the Abaqus software. There are two types of modeling, those were laboratory test beam modeled with Abaqus (BPA) and reinforced beam using CFRP (BPC). The beam structure analysis using Abaqus software showed that BPA beam experiences a first crack when the load is 5311.96 lbs with a 0.08 inch displacement, while the BPC-2 beam is first cracked at a load of 5019.93 lbs with a 0.10 inch displacement. The BPA beam experiences an ultimate when the load was 12620.84 lbs with a 0.64-inch displacement, while the BPC-2 beam experiences ultimate when the load was 12403.48 lbs with a displacement of 0.60 inch. The type of crack pattern in both beam models is the type of bending crack.
PERBANDINGAN RESPONS SPEKTRUM TANAH HIPOTESA DENGAN RESPON SPEKTRUM RSNI 03-1726-201X KOTA SEMARANG Effendi, Mahmud Kori
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 13, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v13i2.7067

Abstract

Nonlinear response analysis of soil in Semarang city is needed currently. There is change in earthquake map in Indonesian Building code from Earthquake with 500 years return period to 2500 years return period. The earthquake records in Indonesia are rare. In this paper Taft earthquake record is used. The calculation of nonlinear response of soil properties was done by finite difference analysis. Viscoelastic, elastoplastic constitutive relations are introduced and the need for using hyperbolic models are mentioned here, nonlinearity is treated by selecting strain compatible soil properties such as shear stiffness and viscous coefficient. Stepwise material properties are taken as the instantaneous slope and assumed to be constant within the given time interval. Case study is hypothesized site in Erdik (1982). The nonlinear analysis is compared with RSNI 03-1726-201X response spectrum for Semarang city. From graphic shown that for period less than 1 sec the response is below of the RSNI 03-1726-201X but for period more than 1 sec the response is more than of RSNI 03-1726-201X.Analisis respon nonlinear tanah pada kota Semarang saat ini sangat diperlukan. Perubahan peta gempa di peraturan bangunan Indonesia dari peta gempa dengan kala ulang 500 tahun menjadi 2500 tahun mengakibatkan terjadi perubahan pada bentuk respon spektrum. Data rekaman gempa bumi di Indonesia sangat sulit didapatkan. Pada tulisan ini dipakai rekaman dari gempa bumi Taft.Perhitungan respon dinamis nonlinier tanah ditunjukkan dengan menggunakan formulasi beda hingga. Viskoelastik, hubungan konstitutif elastoplastic diperkenalkan dan penggunaan model hiperbolik disebutkan di sini, nonlinier diperlakukan dengan memilih sifat regangan tanah yang kompatibel seperti kekakuan geser dan koefisien kekentalan. Sifat material  tahap demi tahap diambil sebagai kemiringan seketika dan diasumsikan konstan dalam interval waktu tertentu. Untuk studi kasus ini parameter tanah menggunakan data dari Erdik (1982). Hasil dari analisis nonlinear tanah dibandingkan dengan respon spectrum dari RSNI 03-1726-201X untuk kota Semarang. Pada grafik terlihat bahwa respon spectrum analisis terletak dibawah dari grafik respon spectrum RSNI 03-1726-201X. Tetapi pada periode lebih besar dari 1 detik terletak diatas respon spectrum RSNI 03-1726-201X.
PERILAKU LENTUR BALOK-L BETON BERTULANG BERLUBANG DITINJAU SECARA EKSPERIMEN DAN ANALISIS NUMERIK MEMAKAI SOFTWARE GID-ATENA Kori Effendi, Mahmud
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 12, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v12i2.1345

Abstract

Abstract:.Investigation on behavior of openings-beam reinforced concrete with the variation type of sided  is  conducted  experimentally  and  numerical  analytically  using  GID-ATENA  software.  Used specimens  were  reinforced  concrete  L-shaped  beam  designed  with  ultimate  load  2600  N  and having tension reinforcement 2D13 with roll and hinge support. Beam had 2 m span, 150 mm web width, 250 mm high, effective 317 mm width and slab 100 mm  thick,. To differentiate behavior of openings, a specimen without openings ( BLK01), a specimen with openings 100 mm x 100 mm ( BLKLB01), a specimen with openings 200 mm x 100 mm ( BLKLB02) were made. An opening was 150 mm  from  right support. Pure moment was done with  load 650 mm  from support. To compare experiment,  3D  model  GID-ATENA  was  analyzed.  The  material  model  of  concrete  was CCCOMBINEDMATERIAL  and  CC1DELASTLSOTROPIC  for  reinforcement.  This  analysis  used geometric  and material  non  linear  analyses.Result  of GID-ATENA  analysis  indicate  that  the  first crack load were less than 42-62 %, ultimate load were less than 33-47%, mid-span displacement at first crack load were less than 55-86%, and mid-span displacement at ultimate load were less than 45-70% compared  to  the experiment  result. First crack pattern of BLK01 occured  in  the mid-span while  BLKLB01  and  BLKLB02  occurred  below  the  hole. Result  of  analysis GID-ATENA  get  the different result of its first crack pattern. Keywords: openings-beam, L-shaped beam, GID-ATENA   Abstrak:  Pengamatan  perilaku  balok  beton  bertulang  berlubang  di  badan  dengan  variasi  entuk persegi panjang   dilakukan  secara eksperimen. Benda  uji  yang digunakan adalah  balok  L  beton bertulang  yang  dirancang  dengan  beban  2600  N  dan  menghasilkan  tulangan  tunggal  2D13 dengan  tumpuan sendi dan  rol. Balok mempunyai bentang 2 m,  lebar web 150 mm,  tinggi 250 mm, tebal slab 100 mm, lebar efektif 317 mm. Untuk mengetahui perilaku lubang di badan maka dibuat  benda  uji  balok  tanpa  lubang  (BLK01),  balok  dengan  lubang  100  mm  x  100  mm (BLKLB01),  balok  dengan  lubang  200 mm  x  100 mm  (BLKLB02).  Jarak  lubang  150 mm  dari tumpuan kanan. Masing2 benda uji 1 buah. Untuk mengetahui kapasitas beban maksimum yang ditahan  balok,  balok  dites  lentur murni  dengan  jarak  beban  titik  650 mm  dari  tumpuan.  Hasil analisis GID-ATENA menunjukkan bahwa beban retak balok pertama lebih kecil 42-62 %, beban ultimit balok lebih kecil 33-47%, lendutan tengah bentang pada beban retak pertama lebih kecil 55-86%,  dan  lendutan  tengah  bentang  pada  beban  ultimit  lebih  kecil  45-70%  terhadap  hasil eksperimen. Pola retak pertama balok BLK01 terjadi di tengah bentang sedangkan BLKLB01 dan BLKLB02  terjadi di bawah  lubang. Hasil analisis GID-ATENA mendapatkan hasil yang berbeda pola retak pertamanya. Kata Kunci: Balok lubang, Balok L, GID-ATENA
PENGARUH MODEL DAN SIFAT MATERIAL PADA ANALISIS METODE ELEMEN HINGGA BALOK TABUNG BAJA BUNDAR DIIISI BETON Effendi, Mahmud Kori
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v19i2.8785

Abstract

The composite material concrete filled steel tubes, CFST) begin widely recommended in modern structural projects. This material is made of steel tubes filled with concrete. This CFST structure has better ductility than the conventional structure. The three-dimensional finite element modelby means of MSC Marc Mentat software is done by using non-linear material properties for both the steel and concrete. The non-linear geometry is also considered. The results of the finite element analysis method are then compared with experimental results of circular steel tubes filled with concrete. The results of this analysis for both load-deflection and collapse conditions are quite agree with the experimental results. However, the buckling phenomena cannot be modeled in the analysis of the finite element method. The effect of finite element model, which is half span and a quarter of half span, is investigated. The results of this analysis are similar to the results of full-scale analysis. There is plastic hinge in the middle of the beam span. The influence of the material properties of linear and non-linear geometric properties are also investigated. The the plastic hinge did not occur in the middle of beam span.
Analysis of Strengths of Reinforced Concrete Beam Structures with CFRP Sheet Using Abaqus Software 6.14 Yasir, Ahmad; Effendi, Mahmud Kori; Taveriyanto, Arie; Apriyatno, Henry
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 21, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v21i1.19364

Abstract

Abstract. Concrete beams are parts of a structure that serves as a channeling moment to the column structure. The structure of the beam which has undergone yielding reinforcement must be repaired. One of the beam repairs that can be done is by providing reinforcement using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheets. The reinforcement structure modeling and analysis were carried out using the Abaqus software. There are two types of modeling, those were laboratory test beam modeled with Abaqus (BPA) and reinforced beam using CFRP (BPC). The beam structure analysis using Abaqus software showed that BPA beam experiences a first crack when the load is 5311.96 lbs with a 0.08 inch displacement, while the BPC-2 beam is first cracked at a load of 5019.93 lbs with a 0.10 inch displacement. The BPA beam experiences an ultimate when the load was 12620.84 lbs with a 0.64-inch displacement, while the BPC-2 beam experiences ultimate when the load was 12403.48 lbs with a displacement of 0.60 inch. The type of crack pattern in both beam models is the type of bending crack.
PERILAKU LENTUR BALOK-L BETON BERTULANG BERLUBANG DITINJAU SECARA EKSPERIMEN DAN ANALISIS NUMERIK MEMAKAI SOFTWARE GID-ATENA Kori Effendi, Mahmud
Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Vol 12, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Teknik Sipil & Perencanaan
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jtsp.v12i2.1345

Abstract

Abstract:.Investigation on behavior of openings-beam reinforced concrete with the variation type of sided  is  conducted  experimentally  and  numerical  analytically  using  GID-ATENA  software.  Used specimens  were  reinforced  concrete  L-shaped  beam  designed  with  ultimate  load  2600  N  and having tension reinforcement 2D13 with roll and hinge support. Beam had 2 m span, 150 mm web width, 250 mm high, effective 317 mm width and slab 100 mm  thick,. To differentiate behavior of openings, a specimen without openings ( BLK01), a specimen with openings 100 mm x 100 mm ( BLKLB01), a specimen with openings 200 mm x 100 mm ( BLKLB02) were made. An opening was 150 mm  from  right support. Pure moment was done with  load 650 mm  from support. To compare experiment,  3D  model  GID-ATENA  was  analyzed.  The  material  model  of  concrete  was CCCOMBINEDMATERIAL  and  CC1DELASTLSOTROPIC  for  reinforcement.  This  analysis  used geometric  and material  non  linear  analyses.Result  of GID-ATENA  analysis  indicate  that  the  first crack load were less than 42-62 %, ultimate load were less than 33-47%, mid-span displacement at first crack load were less than 55-86%, and mid-span displacement at ultimate load were less than 45-70% compared  to  the experiment  result. First crack pattern of BLK01 occured  in  the mid-span while  BLKLB01  and  BLKLB02  occurred  below  the  hole. Result  of  analysis GID-ATENA  get  the different result of its first crack pattern. Keywords: openings-beam, L-shaped beam, GID-ATENA   Abstrak:  Pengamatan  perilaku  balok  beton  bertulang  berlubang  di  badan  dengan  variasi  entuk persegi panjang   dilakukan  secara eksperimen. Benda  uji  yang digunakan adalah  balok  L  beton bertulang  yang  dirancang  dengan  beban  2600  N  dan  menghasilkan  tulangan  tunggal  2D13 dengan  tumpuan sendi dan  rol. Balok mempunyai bentang 2 m,  lebar web 150 mm,  tinggi 250 mm, tebal slab 100 mm, lebar efektif 317 mm. Untuk mengetahui perilaku lubang di badan maka dibuat  benda  uji  balok  tanpa  lubang  (BLK01),  balok  dengan  lubang  100  mm  x  100  mm (BLKLB01),  balok  dengan  lubang  200 mm  x  100 mm  (BLKLB02).  Jarak  lubang  150 mm  dari tumpuan kanan. Masing2 benda uji 1 buah. Untuk mengetahui kapasitas beban maksimum yang ditahan  balok,  balok  dites  lentur murni  dengan  jarak  beban  titik  650 mm  dari  tumpuan.  Hasil analisis GID-ATENA menunjukkan bahwa beban retak balok pertama lebih kecil 42-62 %, beban ultimit balok lebih kecil 33-47%, lendutan tengah bentang pada beban retak pertama lebih kecil 55-86%,  dan  lendutan  tengah  bentang  pada  beban  ultimit  lebih  kecil  45-70%  terhadap  hasil eksperimen. Pola retak pertama balok BLK01 terjadi di tengah bentang sedangkan BLKLB01 dan BLKLB02  terjadi di bawah  lubang. Hasil analisis GID-ATENA mendapatkan hasil yang berbeda pola retak pertamanya. Kata Kunci: Balok lubang, Balok L, GID-ATENA